Ergilin Dzo Formation

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Ergilin Dzo Formation
Stratigraphic range: Upper Eocene
↓
TypeGeological formation
Sub-unitsFrom top to bottom:
  • Khetsu Tsav member
  • Ergilin member
  • Shavag member
  • Sevkhul member
  • Zangut member
  • Khubsugul member
Location
RegionDornogovi Province
Country Mongolia
Type section
Named byDashzeveg
Year defined1993

The Ergilin Dzo Formation (formerly known as the Ardyn Obo Formation), is a

late Eocene epoch. The type fauna of the Ergilian Asian land mammal age is defined by the mammalian fossils of this formation.[1]

Depositional environment

Based on the presence of

braided stream network formed by fluvial systems.[4]

Fossil content

In their review of the

genera and 104 species of vertebrate have been reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation, representing 22 orders and 49 families. Fossils of mammals, reptiles (including birds), fish and amphibians have all been recovered from the formation since the early 20th Century.[1]

Mammals

81 mammal species have been found in the Ergilin Dzo Formation, with

brontotheres are the most abundant groups in terms of collected specimen numbers.[1]

Artiodactyls

Artiodactyls reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Anthracotheriidae indet. Indeterminate Ergilin Dzo locality.[5] Left
astragalus.[5]
 An
anthracothere
.
cf. Bothriodon cf. B. sp. Ergilin Dzo & Khoer Dhan localities.[5] Jaw & limb elements.[5] An
anthracothere
.
Brachyhyops B. trofimovi Khoer Dzhan locality.[6] Jaw elements.[6] An entelodontid.
B. sp. Ergilin Dzo locality.[6] Right maxilla fragment.[6] An entelodontid.
Entelodon E. gobiensis Khoer Dzhan & Ergilin Dzo localities.[6][7] An entelodontid.
Eumeryx E. sp. A deer.
Gobiomeryx G. dubius A leptomerycid.
Lophiomeryx L. angarae A lophiomerycid.
L. sp. A lophiomerycid.
Miomeryx M. altaicus A leptomerycid.
M. sp. A leptomerycid.
Praetragulus P. electus Khoer Dzhan locality.[8] Numerous jaw & limb elements.[8] A hypertragulid.
P. gobiae Ergilin Dzo locality.[8] Jaw elements.[8] A hypertragulid.

Cimolestans

Cimolestans reported from the Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Gobiopithecus G. khan Khoer Dzhan locality.[9][10] Ergilin Member.[9] Mandibles.[10] A pantolestid.

Didymoconids

Didymoconids
reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Ardynictis A. furunculus Skull & jaws.[11]
Ergilictis E. reshetovi Ergilin Dzo locality.[12] Jaw elements.[12]

Eulipotyphlans

Eulipotyphlans reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Amphechinus A. sp. Ergilin Dzo locality.[13] Sevkhul Member.[13] Left dentary fragment.[13] A hedgehog.
Ictopidium? I.? sp. A changlelestid.
Oligochenus O. grandis Ergilin Dzo locality.[13] Sevkhul Member.[13] Right dentary fragment.[13] A gymnure.
Palaeoscaptor? P.? sp. A hedgehog.
Soricinae
indet. 		Indeterminate A shrew.
Tupaiodontinae indet. Indeterminate Ergilin Dzo locality.[13] Ergilin Member.[13] Premolar.[13] A changlelestid.

Ferae

Ferae reported from the Ergolin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Alagtsavbaatar A. indigenus Alag Tsav & Khoer Dzhan localities.[14] Jaw & limb elements.[14] A small
feliform
.
Amphicyonidae indet. Indeterminate Ergilin Dzo locality.[15] Tooth.[15] A
bear-dog
.
Asiavorator A. gracilis Ergilin Dzo locality.[14] Right mandible fragment.[14] A small
feliform
.
Eofelis E. sp. Khoer Dzhan locality.[14] Jaw elements.[14] A
nimravid
.
Hyaenodon H. chunkhtensis Khoer Dzhan locality.[16][17] Left mandibular corpus.[16] A hyaenodont.
H. eminus Khoer Dzhan & Ergilin Dzo localities.[16] Jaw elements.[11] A hyaenodont.
H. gigas Khoer Dzhan locality.[16] A hyaenodont.
H. incertus Khoer Dzhan & Ergilin Dzo localities.[16] A hyaenodont.
H. mongoliensis Khoer Dzhan & Ergilin Dzo localities.[16] A hyaenodont.
H. pervagus Khoer Dzhan & Ergilin Dzo localities.[16] A hyaenodont.
H. pumilus
Mandibular ramus.[17]
 A hyaenodont.
Nimravus N. mongoliensis Khoer Dzhan locality.[14] Jaw & limb elements.[14] A
nimravid
.
Proviverrinae
indet. 		Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan locality.[16] Tooth.[16] A hyaenodont.

Gliriformes

Gliriformes
reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Ardynomys A. olseni Lower jaw.[11] A rodent.
A. silentiumis A rodent.
A. sp. A rodent.
Desmatolagus D. ardynense A
lagomorph
.
D. gobiensis A
lagomorph
.
D. robustus Lower jaws.[11] A
lagomorph
.
Eucricetodon E. sp. A rodent.
Lagomorpha indet. Indeterminate A
lagomorph
.
Zofiagale Z. ergilensis Ergilin Dzo locality.[18] Right
dentary.[18]
 An
anagalid
.

Mesonychians

Mesonychians reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Metahapalodectes M. sp. A hapalodectid.
Mongolestes M. hadrodens A mesonychid.

Perissodactyls

Perissodactyls
reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
cf. Allacerops cf. A. sp. Khoer Dzhan.[19] Jaw elements.[19] An eggysodontid.
Amynodon A. sp. An
amynodont
.
Amynodontopsis A. lunanensis An
amynodont
.
Ardynia A. praecox Khoer Dzhan.[19] Sevkhul & Ergilin members.[19] Jaw elements.[19] A hyracodontid.
A. sp. Khoer Dzhan.[19] Sevkhul & Ergilin members.[19] Jaw fragments.[19] A hyracodontid.
Armania A. asiana Khoer Dzhan & Ergilin Dzo.[19] Sevkhul & Ergilin Members.[19] Jaw elements.[19] A hyracodontid.
Brontotheriidae indet. Indeterminate A
brontothere
.
Cadurcodon C. ardynensis An
amynodont
.
C. sp. An
amynodont
.
Cadurcotherium C. progressus An
amynodont
.
cf. Deperetella cf. D. sp. A deperetellid.
Embolotherium E. andrewsi Skull.[20] A
brontothere
.
E. grangeri Khoer Dzhan.[20] Partial skull.[20] A
brontothere
.
E. sp. A
brontothere
.
Eomoropus E. sp. An eomoropid.
Eubrontotherium E. clarnoensis Ergilin Dzo.[20] Partial skeleton.[20] A
brontothere
.
Juxia J. borissiaki Ergilin Dzo locality.[19] Ergilin Member.[19] Jaws & teeth.[19] A
paraceratheriid
.
cf. Nasamplus cf. N. progressus A
brontothere
.
Paraceratheriidae indet. Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan.[19] Ergilin Member.[19] Teeth.[19] Initially reported as Urtinotherium (or Paraceratherium) sp.
Paraceratherium P. parvum A
paraceratheriid
.
Paracolodon P. inceptus A helaletid.
P. sp. A helaletid.
Prohyracodon P. meridionalis Khoer Dzhan.[19] Sevkhul Member.[19] Jaw elements.[19] A hyracodontid.
P. obrutschewi A hyracodontid.
?P. parvum Khoer Dzhan.[19] Zangut-Sevkhul member.[19] Jaw elements.[19] A hyracodontid.
Protembolotherium P. efremovi Ergilin Dzo.[20] Skull elements.[20] A
brontothere
.
Ronzotherium R. brevirostris A
rhino
.
R. orientale Ergilin Dzo, Bayan Tsav ravine & Khoer Dzhan.[19] Ergilin Member.[19] Jaw elements.[19] A
rhino
.
R. sp. Khoer Dzhan.[19] Ergilin Member.[19] Fragment of mandibular ramus.[19] A
rhino
.
Schizotherium S. avitum A
chalicothere
.
Sharamynodon S. mongoliensis An
amynodont
.
Teleolophus T. magnus A deperetellid.
cf. Zaisanamynodon cf. Z. sp. An
amynodont
.

Reptiles

Reptiles are represented by 20 known species in the formation, with 11 of these being birds.[1]

Birds

Birds reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Accipitridae indet. Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan.[21] Leg bones.[21] An
accipitrid
.
Anatidae indet. Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan.[21] An
anatid
.
Ardeidae
indet. 		Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan.[21] A heron.
Cygninae
indet. 		Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan.[21] A swan.
Eogrus E. sp. Ergilin Dzo.[21] An
eogruid
.
Ergilornis E. minor Ergilin Dzo.[21] An
eogruid
.
E. rapidus Ergilin Dzo.[21] An
eogruid
.
E. sp. An
eogruid
.
Lari indet. Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan.[21] Skull fragment.[21] A
shorebird
.
Rallidae
indet. 		Indeterminate Khoer Dzhan.[21] A rail.
Sonogrus S. gregalis An
eogruid
.

Crocodyliforms

Crocodyliforms
reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Crocodyliformes indet. Indeterminate Ergilin Dzo.[22] Tooth.[22]

Squamates

Squamates
reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Agamidae indet. Indeterminate An
agamid
lizard.
Lacertilia
indet. 		Indeterminate A lizard.

Turtles

Turtles reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Chrysemys C. sp.
Emydidae gen. et. sp. indet. Indeterminate A terrapin.
Ergilemys E. insolitus A tortoise.
?Melanochelys ?M. elongata
Platysternidae
gen. et. sp. indet. 		Indeterminate
Trionychidae gen. et. sp. indet. Indeterminate A
softshell turtle
.

Amphibians

Amphibians reported from the Ergilin Dzo Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Urodela
gen. et. sp. indet. 		Indeterminate A salamander.

Fish

Fish reported from the Formation
Genus Species Presence Stratigraphic member Material Notes Images
Amia A. sp. A bowfin.
Parasilurus P. sp. A catfish.

See also

  • List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Tsubamoto, Takehisa; Tsogtbaatar, Khishigjav; Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar; Egi, Naoko (2022). "A brief review of the updated fossil vertebrate fauna of the upper Eocene Ergilin Dzo Formation, southeastern Mongolia" (PDF). Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Ehime University. 24: 64–83.
  2. ISBN 978-0-231-08091-0
    .
  3. S2CID 55777375
    .
  4. ^ Watabe, Mahito (2010-03-31). "Lithostratigraphic and sedimentological analysis of the upper Eocene Ergilin Dzo Formation of Ergilin Dzo locality, Mongolia". Hayashibara Museum of Natural Sciences Research Bulletin. 3: 149–153.
  5. ^ a b c d Tsubamoto, Takehisa (2020-03-31). "Additional specimens of the Anthracotheriidae (Mammalia; Artiodactyla) from the upper Eocene Ergilin Dzo Formation of Mongolia". Hayashibara Museum of Natural Sciences Research Bulletin. 3: 143–147.
  6. ^
    ISSN 1342-8144
    .
  7. ^ Watabe, Mahito (2013-11-29). "New specimens of Entelodon gobiensis (Mammalia; Artiodactyla; Entelodontidae) from the Eocene Ergilin Dzo Formation, Mongolia". Bull. Res. Inst. Nat. Sci., Okayama Univ. Of Sci. (39): 37–41.
  8. ^ a b c d Vislobokova, I. A. (Inessa Anatolévna) (1998). A new representative of the Hypertraguloidea (Tragulina, Ruminantia) from the Khoer-Dzan locality in Mongolia, with remarks on the relationships of the Hypertragulidae. American Museum of Natural History Library. New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History.
  9. ^
    doi:10.1016/0016-6995(92)80104-L
    .
  10. ^ a b Tsubamoto, Takehisa; Tsogtbaatar, Khishigjav; Saneyoshi, Mototaka; Buuvei, Mainbayar (January 2011). "A new specimen of Gobiopithecus khan (Mammalia; Pantolesta) from the Eocene Ergilin Dzo Formation, Mongolia". Journal of Fossil Research. 44 (1): 20–23.
  11. ^
    hdl:2246/4476
    .
  12. ^ a b Lopatin, Alexey (January 1997). "New Oligocene Didymoconidae (Mesonychia, Mammalia) from Mongolia and Kazakhstan". Paleontological Journal. 31 (1): 108–119.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i Lopatin, Alexey (January 2005). "Late Paleogene Erinaceidae (Insectivora, Mammalia) from the Ergilin Dzo locality, Mongolia". Paleontological Journal. 39 (1): 85–92.
  14. ^
    ISSN 0891-2963
    .
  15. ^
    ISSN 1342-8144
    .
  16. ^
    ISSN 0272-4634
    .
  17. ^
    ISSN 0031-0301
    .
  18. ^
    PMID 30224674
    .
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Dashzeveg, D (1991). "Hyracodontids and rhinocerotids (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotoidea) from the Paleogene of Mongolia". Palaeovertebrata. 21: 1–84.
  20. ^
    ISSN 0003-0090
    .
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Kurochkin, E. N. (1976-05-21). "A survey of the Paleogene birds of Asia". Collected Papers in Avian Paleontology Honoring the 90th Birthday of Alexander Wetmore. 27: 75–86.
  22. ^
    doi:10.4202/app.00633.2019
    .
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