Fabiano Caruana
Fabiano Caruana | |
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![]() Caruana in 2023 | |
Full name | Fabiano Luigi Caruana |
Country | United States (pre-2005; since 2015) Italy (2005–2015) |
Born | Miami, Florida, U.S. | July 30, 1992
Title | Grandmaster (2007) |
FIDE rating | 2805 (June 2024) |
Peak rating | 2844 (October 2014) |
Ranking | No. 2 (June 2024) |
Peak ranking | No. 2 (October 2014) |
Fabiano Luigi Caruana (born July 30, 1992) is an Italian and American chess grandmaster who is the reigning three-time United States Chess Champion. With a peak rating of 2844, Caruana is the third-highest-rated player in history.
Born in
By winning the
Caruana represented the United States on
Personal life and chess beginnings
Caruana was born on July 30, 1992, in Miami, Florida, United States, to Italian parents Lou and Santina Caruana.[2][3] He is a dual citizen of Italy and the United States.[4] When he was four, his family relocated from Miami to the neighborhood of Park Slope, Brooklyn, New York City. When he was five, his chess talent was discovered in an after-school chess program at Congregation Beth Elohim, a reform Jewish congregation in Park Slope. That year he played his first tournament at the Polgar Chess Center in Queens, New York City.[4]
Until the age of twelve, he lived and played in the United States, occasionally traveling to Europe and South America to participate in tournaments. His first chess coach, from age six to eight, was
Chess career
2007
In July, Caruana won the "First Saturday" GM tournament in
2008
In January, Caruana had his first experience at
2009
In February, Caruana—having won Corus C 2008—received and accepted invitation to
2010
In July, Caruana won the Young Grandmaster Section of Biel 2010 after a playoff with the others two leaders Maxime Vachier-Lagrave and Nguyễn Ngọc Trường Sơn.[15] In December he won the Italian Championship for the third time with a score of 9 points out of 11 games. In the period from December 2010–January 2011 Caruana played in the 53rd Reggio Emilia Tournament. He placed 6th out of 10 and tied 7 out of his 9 games (only winning, again, against Nigel Short).
2011
In January, at the Gibraltar Masters, he finished on place 5 behind Ivanchuk, Short, Külaots and Roiz. In July, he won with 7 points out of 10 at the AAI tournament in New Delhi (category 17). In December he won the Italian National Championship for the fourth time with a score of 10 points out of 11 games. He had previously won the 2007 and 2008 national championships, and did not play the 2009 national championship due to a calendar conflict with the FIDE World Cup.
2012
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Fabiano_Caruana_%282012%29.jpg/220px-Fabiano_Caruana_%282012%29.jpg)
In January, at the
2013
In February–March, Caruana won with four points out of six games the
2014
In January, at the Tata Steel Chess Tournament in Wijk aan Zee, Netherlands, Caruana finished fourth with 6 points out 11 games. In the end of January into early February, at the Zurich Chess Challenge in
2015
In January, Caruana played in the
2016
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Fabiano_Caruana_receives_his_medal_%2829315596344%29.jpg/220px-Fabiano_Caruana_receives_his_medal_%2829315596344%29.jpg)
In January, at the
2017
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Erste_Drei_2017_Baden-Baden.jpeg/220px-Erste_Drei_2017_Baden-Baden.jpeg)
Caruana began the year rated 2827, ranked No. 2 in the world. However, his rating would slip in the coming months. He played the
Caruana continued to struggle through the middle of the year. He finished the Sinquefield Cup in July towards the bottom of the standings with a score of 4/9 (+1-2=6). His last round loss to Peter Svidler knocked his August rating below 2800 for the first time since April 2016. At the World Cup, Caruana made it to the third round. Evgeniy Najer eliminated him in the rapid tiebreak rounds by winning with the black pieces. The World Cup tightened the race between Caruana, Wesley So, and Vladimir Kramnik for the two ratings qualification spots to the 2018 Candidates Tournament to within a few points. However, Kramnik's loss in a classical game against Ivanchuk during the tournament left him in a distant third with only two months remaining.[42]
The World Cup set the stage for the next major tournament, the Isle of Man Open, which both Caruana and Kramnik were playing. The first round pairings were decided by the players drawing names out of a raffle tumbler. Kramnik, choosing second because he was the 2nd-highest rated player at the event, chose Caruana as his first round opponent. With the white pieces, Caruana defeated Kramnik to put himself and So in a good position to qualify for the Candidates Tournament. Kramnik's surprise loss to James Tarjan, who quit chess for a few decades to become a librarian, further helped solidify Caruana and So as the ratings qualifiers. Furthermore, Kramnik ended up receiving a wild card into the Candidates event, officially clinching the qualifications for Caruana and So.[43]
In December 2017 with the Candidates qualification already decided, Caruana rebounded and won his only tournament of the year at the London Chess Classic in tiebreaks. He won three games and drew the remaining six (+3-0=6). Ian Nepomniachtchi had the sole lead entering the final round after winning three consecutive games in rounds six through eight. However, Caruana was able to come from behind by defeating Michael Adams in his last game. After drawing the rapid tiebreaks, Caruana won one of the two blitz games to clinch the tournament.
2018
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/%C5%9E%C9%99hriyar_M%C9%99mm%C9%99dyarov_%28li.%29_und_Fabiano_Caruana%2C_Kandidatenturnier_Berlin_2018%2C_10._Runde.jpg/220px-%C5%9E%C9%99hriyar_M%C9%99mm%C9%99dyarov_%28li.%29_und_Fabiano_Caruana%2C_Kandidatenturnier_Berlin_2018%2C_10._Runde.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Fabiano_Caruana%2C_London_2018.jpg/220px-Fabiano_Caruana%2C_London_2018.jpg)
In January, Caruana finished 11th with a score of 5/13 at the Tata Steel Masters tournament.[44] In March, he won the Candidates Tournament 2018 with a score of 9/14, thus winning the right to challenge Magnus Carlsen in the World Chess Championship 2018 in London in November 2018.[45][46]
From 31 March to 9 April, Caruana competed in the
In June, he won the
Caruana faced Carlsen in the World Chess Championship 2018 from November 9 to 28. All 12 classical time control games were drawn. Carlsen then won the rapid tiebreak games 3–0.[51] During game four of the 2018 World Chess Championships, a video containing Caruana's preparation files was released onto the Saint Louis Chess Club YouTube channel. In an interview much later, Caruana admitted that he had been only made aware of this, by his second Cristian Chirilă, before the Round 4 press conference.
2019
From May to November, Caruana competed in the Grand Chess Tour as one of 12 regular participants. He finished in joint-10th place after the first 7 events, thus failing to qualify for the finals at the London Chess Classic.[52]
2020
In January, he won the Category 20
2021
Caruana played in the continuation of
Following the Candidates, from July 12 to July 20, Caruana played in the Chess World Cup, but was eliminated in the third round by Rinat Jumabayev.[62]
From August 9 to August 16, Caruana played in the 2021 St Louis Rapid and Blitz taking second behind Hikaru Nakamura.[63] Following that, from August 16 to August 28, he played in the Sinquefield Cup tying for second behind winner MVL with 5.5/9 points (+3-1=5) [b] and a tournament performance rating of 2824, which earned him $45,000 and 8.3 GCT points.[64] In the Grand Chess Tour, he placed fourth overall behind MVL, Wesley So and Mamedyarov.
From October 5 to October 19, Caruana then participated in the 2021 US Chess Championship held at the Saint Louis Chess Club in Missouri, where he scored 2nd place with a score of 6.5/11 after losing to GM Wesley So in the rapid tiebreaks.[65]
In November, Caruana was runner-up in the FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 2021 with a score of 7.5/11 (+4-0=7)[c] and a tournament performance rating of 2807,[66] behind Alireza Firouzja, which qualified him for the Candidates Tournament 2022.
Between December 18 and December 23, Caruana also participated in the
Three days later, from December 26 to December 28, 2021, Caruana participated in the 2021 FIDE World Rapid Championship, where he ended up as one of the joint leaders with 9.5/13 points, but ultimately finished 4th place as he could not advance to the playoffs due to controversial[68][69] tiebreak rules.[70] Subsequently, on the 28th and 29th, he played the FIDE World Blitz Championship, ranking 39th.
In 2021, Caruana split with his long time coach/second, Rustam Kasimdzhanov, with Kasimdzhanov citing that the pandemic affected their relationship and opportunities to work together.[71]
Apart from the events he played, Caruana also participated in the coverage of the World Chess Championship 2021 in November and December 2021, along with Daniel Rensch and Robert Hess, for Chess.com.[72]
2022
From the 14th to the 30th of January, Caruana participated in the Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2022, placing 8th with a score of 6.5/14.
From February 12 to August 21, Caruana competed in the Chess.com RCC[d] and placed 3rd with 64 points, behind runner-up Dmitry Andreikin (73 points) and tournament winner Hikaru Nakamura (102 points).[73]
In April 2022, he won the inaugural
From June 16 to July 5, Caruana participated in the Candidates Tournament held in Madrid, having qualified to play by being the runner-up in the Grand Swiss in 2021 behind Alireza Firouzja. Caruana finished 5th with a score of 6.5/14 (+3-4=7)[e] despite being 2nd behind tournament leader Ian Nepomniachtchi after the end of the first half[75] of the tournament.[76][77][78]
From July 28 to August 9, Caruana played board 1 for the US at the 44th Chess Olympiad in Chennai where his team finished 5th despite being seeded 1st.[79] He finished the event with a score of 5/10 (+3-3=4)[f] and a tournament performance rating of 2645.[80]
From August 26 to August 30, Caruana participated in the Saint Louis Rapid & Blitz tournament, as part of the Grand Chess Tour and finished in third place, after Alireza Firouzja and Hikaru Nakamura.[81] The next month, Caruana participated in the Sinquefield Cup, finishing tied 3rd alongside compatriot Wesley So with 4.5/8 points[g] and behind runner-up Ian Nepomniachtchi and winner Alireza Firouzja.[82] His two consecutive third-place finishes earned him enough points to finish in fourth place in the Grand Chess Tour – just 1 point short of 3rd place. Caruana followed this up with a victory in the Champions Showdown: Chess 9LX, a rapid chess 960 tournament held in Saint Louis, after defeating Alireza Firouzja in the playoffs for the title. His first-place finish earned him $31,250.[83][84]
From October 5 to October 19, Caruana participated in the 2022 US Chess Championship, winning ahead of
Caruana finished third in World Rapid Chess Championship 2022 by defeating Vladislav Artemiev, Vladimir Fedoseev and drawing against Magnus Carlsen, he finished with score of (9.5/13).
2023
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fabiano_Caruana_in_2023.jpg/220px-Fabiano_Caruana_in_2023.jpg)
From May 6 to May 15, Caruana participated in the Superbet Chess Classic held in Bucharest. He would win games against Maxime Vachier-Lagrave and Ian Nepomniachtchi and would go undefeated allowing him to claim 1st place with a score of 5.5/9.
In the Chess World Cup 2023, Caruana defeated reigning champion Jan-Krzysztof Duda, among others, to reach the semifinals. This result has earned him qualification to the Candidates Tournament 2024.[85]
In the 2023 US Chess Championship, Caruana clinched victory with a round to spare to defend his title as US champion. He would earn wins against Hans Niemann and Abhimanyu Mishra, among others, en route to his victory.[86]
From November 14 to November 18, Caruana competed in the Saint Louis Rapid & Blitz. He would edge out second-place finisher Maxime Vachier-Lagrave by half a point to win the event. Caruana earned 13 Grand Chess Tour 2023 points and $40,000 from his victory.[87]
Caruana won the 2023 Sinquefield Cup, scoring 5.5 points out of 8. He scored wins against Alireza Firouzja, Wesley So, and Richárd Rapport en route to his victory, where he earned $100,000 and 13 Grand Chess tour points.
Caruana won the 2023 Grand Chess Tour with a score of 46 points of a possible 52, which is the highest point total in the Tour's history since switching to a 4-tournament event.[88] Caruana scored 1st place in the Superbet Chess Romania,[89] 4th in the SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz Croatia,[90] 1st in the Saint Louis Rapid & Blitz,[91] and 1st in the Sinquefield Cup. Caruana earned $175,000 for his victory in the Grand Chess Tour.[92]
Playing style
As a youth, Caruana had an aggressive style of play. He later said "I preferred to attack all the time and really loved sacrificing pieces to get at the enemy king. I played like that for quite a long time, but when I moved up it turned out that you can far from always win with a direct attack; ... I had to become universal, to learn to manoeuvre and defend and so on."[5] Caruana's playing style is now universal, based on opening preparation and calculation: "I wouldn't assess it in such categories [tactical or strategic]. It seems to me I'm a good fighter. I enjoy playing different types of position, both tactical and strategic. I can't say there's anything I avoid. I can attack on a board full of pieces or manoeuvre in a roughly even position, and I've got nothing against the endgame."[5]
Caruana has been hailed by Magnus Carlsen as a player who has an edge in calculations and opening preparation over most of his contemporaries (bar Carlsen himself). Carlsen has also described him as "undogmatic", but someone who may not play as well in simpler positions.[93] This sentiment has been echoed largely in the chess world, with Caruana having earned himself a nickname of "The Machine".
Caruana is known as a hard working player, once saying: "Hundreds of games are played each day all around the world, and a lot of them are important. They're all available online, but you have to put in the time to look at them all. And you need to analyze, find new trends, keep trying to find new ideas to use against specific opponents."[32] Talking about Magnus Carlsen's play, Caruana hinted at his deep knowledge of the opponent's strengths and weaknesses: "In some positions you can't compete with him. Certain pawn structures he just plays like a machine. There are certain openings where I say, 'I just can't do that.' But OK, certain positions he's not as comfortable with. Just like any player, he can also play unconfidently."[32]
Federations and national championships
National Chess Federation membership
- Caruana is a "Benefactor" Life Member of the United States Chess Federation (USCF), and has been a member of the federation since the age of 5 in 1998.[94]
National Chess Federation ranking
- United States Chess Federation: first-highest ranked player
National Championships
- Italy – Caruana won the Italian National Championship in 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011. He did not play the championship in 2009 and 2012–2014.
- United States – Caruana won the U.S. Chess Championshipin 2016 (his first participation), 2022, and 2023.
World Chess Federation (FIDE) affiliation
Caruana possesses dual citizenship of Italy and the United States, so he has the option of FIDE affiliation with either the Italian Chess Federation or the United States Chess Federation.
Caruana played for Italy from 2005 to 2015. On May 12, 2015, the USCF announced that he would be changing federations, to play for the United States.[95]
Bibliography
- Caruana's Ruy Lopez: A White Repertoire for Club Players ISBN 978-90-5691-944-3
- Fabiano Caruana: Navigating the Ruy Lopez – A world-class player explains (DVD) Vol. 1-3 ISBN 978-3-86681-735-7
- Fabiano Caruana: 60 Memorable Games – ISBN 978-1-84994-721-3
- Caruana: Move by Move – ISBN 978-1-78194-479-0
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Notes
- ^ 3 wins, 2 losses, 9 draws. This includes: 3 wins against GM Kirill Alekseenko in round 2, GM Maxime Vachier-Lagrave in round 8, and GM Wang Hao in round 13; 2 losses against GM Ding Liren in round 3 and GM Anish Giri in round 12.
- elo rating.
- elo rating.
- ^ Rapid Chess Championship
- ^ 3 wins, 4 losses, 7 draws. This includes: 3 wins against GM Hikaru Nakamura in round 1, GM Alireza Firouzja in round 6, and GM Teimour Radjabov in round 7; 4 losses against Nakamura in round 8, GM Jan-Krzysztof Duda in round 10, GM Ding Liren in round 11, and Firouzja in round 14.
- elo rating.
- Leinier Domínguez Pérez, Levon Aronian and Shakhriyar Mamedyarov.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- Fabiano Caruana rating card at FIDE
- Fabiano Caruana rating and tournament record at US Chess Federation
- Fabiano Caruana player profile and games at Chessgames.com
- Fabiano Caruana chess games at 365Chess.com
- Fabiano Caruana Chess Olympiad record at OlimpBase.org
- Fabiano Caruana player profile at Chess.com
- Fabiano Caruana member profile at the Internet Chess Club
- Fabiano Caruana on Twitch
- C-Squared Podcast – podcast hosted together with Ioan-Cristian Chirilă
News items and interviews
- Edward Winter's "Books about Leading Modern Chessplayers" (Chess Notes Feature Article)
- Biography from Chessbase.com
- "Being a Grandmaster Is Tough When You Are Not Quite 15 " The New York Times, July 29, 2007
- "A Chess Player's Challenge: Opponents His Own Age" The New York Times, May 17, 2003
- 2007 Italian Championship interview from Chessbase.com
- "Fabulous Fabiano", by Macauley Peterson, Chess Life, January 2008, pp. 30–35.
- "Caruana: "L'anno prossimo voglio giocare nel torneo A!"" (PDF). (7.72 MB) – by Janis Nisii, Torre & Cavallo Scacco!, February 2008, pp. 5–9 (in Italian)