Fauna of Borneo

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Orang Utan (Pongo pygmaeus) is among the most iconic animals of Borneo and the flagship of rainforest conservation in South-East Asia.

prehistoric times it was connected to the Asian mainland due to geological and climate changes. During the recent ice ages of the Pleistocene and the Holocene
separation from the mainland caused extinctions and speciation of fauna on the island.

The high complexity of the Bornean

omnivorous and carnivorous mammals range up and down tree trunk from forest floor to the canopy level. Fourth, are mainly volant mammals such as bats and birds using the middle canopy. Fifth, are top canopy birds and mammals that feed on leaves, fruits, nectar and insects. Sixth, are the fast flying birds and bats
using the above canopy area.

Invertebrates

Butterfly

There are 639 species of ants, 81 genera and 8 subfamilies of the Formicidae in Poring Sabah.

Vertebrates

Fish

There are 274 species of freshwater fish and 149 are endemic to Borneo.[1]

Amphibians

Hylarana raniceps

There are at least 180 species of amphibians.[2]

One notable species is the Bornean flat-headed frog, Barbourula kalimantanensis. This frog, found in cold, fast-flowing mountain streams, is the only known lungless frog.[3]

Reptiles

Lizard

105 species of lizards, in 35 genera from 9 families, are now known from Borneo. The reticulated python is the largest python in the world, and the longest snake in the world. This reptile can have a size of 6 metres (20 ft) or more. The longer snakes have a size of 10 metres (33 ft).

Birds

Helmeted Hornbill

Borneo has own a wide variety of bird species. The geological history of Borneo is a major factor: long isolation of the island, broken during the last

endemic to Borneo[4][5]

Mammals

Main article: List of mammals of Borneo
Borneo elephant is endemic for the island

The historical records of European association with Borneo and its fauna were compiled by

marine mammals
recorded within the territorial boundaries of Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei.

Impact of deforestation on fauna

With the rapid and massive

critically endangered, such as the Borneo elephant
, such as the many species of birds and mammals, which are endemic for the island.

See also

References

  • MacKinnon K, Hatta G, Halim H, Mangalik A.1998. The ecology of Kalimantan. Oxford University Press, London.
  • Mayr. E. 1944. Wallace's line in the light of recent zoological studies. Quarterly Review of Biology 19:1-14.
  • Medway L. 1971. The Quaternary mammals of Malesia: a review. In Quaternary era in Malaysia. P. Ashton and M. Ashton (eds).
  • Medway L. 1977. Mammals of Borneo: field keys and an annotated checklist. Monographs of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society No.7. Kuala Lumpur.
  1. ^ Nguyen, T.T.T., and S. S. De Silva (2006). "Freshwater Finfish Biodiversity and Conservation: An Asian Perspective", Biodiversity & Conservation 15(11): 3543–3568
  2. ^ "Frogs of Borneo". frogsofborneo.org. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  3. S2CID 1427952
    .
  4. ^ MacKinnon, K; et al. (1998). The Ecology of Kalimantan. London: Oxford University Press.
  5. ^ Nguyen, T.T.T., and S. S. De Silva (2006). "Freshwater Finfish Biodiversity and Conservation: An Asian Perspective", Biodiversity & Conservation 15(11): 3543–3568

External links

General
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