Grevilleoideae

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Grevilleoideae
pin-cushion hakea (Hakea laurina
)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Subfamily: Grevilleoideae
Engl.
Genera

See text

The Grevilleoideae are a subfamily of the plant family Proteaceae. Mainly restricted to the Southern Hemisphere, it contains around 46 genera and about 950 species. Genera include Banksia, Grevillea, and Macadamia.

Description

The Grevilleoideae grow as trees, shrubs, or subshrubs. They are highly variable, making a simple, diagnostic identification key for the subfamily essentially impossible to provide. One common and fairly diagnostic characteristic is the occurrence of flowers in pairs that share a common bract. However, a few Grevilleoideae taxa do not have this property, having solitary flowers or inflorescences of unpaired flowers. In most taxa, the flowers occur in densely packed heads or spikes, and the fruit is a follicle.

Distribution and habitat

Grevilleoideae are mainly a Southern Hemisphere family. The main centre of diversity is

Brabejum tree of Cape Town
.

Taxonomy

Stenocarpus sinuatus (firewheel tree)
Lomatia silaifolia
Telopea oreades, the Gippsland waratah
Grevillea banksii
Banksia sessilis (parrotbush)

The framework for classification of the Proteaceae was laid by

On the Proteaceae: the evolution and classification of a southern family".[2] Their classification has been refined somewhat over the ensuing three decades, most notably by Peter H. Weston and Nigel Barker in 2006. The Grevilleoideae are now considered one of five subfamilies of the Proteaceae. The placement and circumscription of the Grevilleoideae in four tribes, according to Weston and Barker can be summarised as:[3]
Sphalmium — Carnarvonia

Roupaleae

Authority:

Meisn.

incertae sedis
Megahertzia — Knightia — Eucarpha — Triunia
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Roupala — Neorites — Orites
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Lambertia — Xylomelum
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Helicia — Hollandaea
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Darlingia — Floydia

Banksieae

Authority: Rchb.

fossil form genera
Banksieaeidites  — Banksieaeformis  — Banksieaephyllum
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Musgravea — Austromuellera
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Banksia

Embothrieae

Authority: Rchb.

Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Lomatia
Subtribe
Endl.
Telopea
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Stenocarpus — Strangea
Subtribe
Endl.
Opisthiolepis — Buckinghamia — Hakea — Grevillea — Finschia

Macadamieae

Authority: Venk.Rao

Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Macadamia — Panopsis — Brabejum
Subtribe Malagasiinae P.H.Weston & N.P.Barker
Malagasia — Catalepidia
Subtribe Virotiinae P.H.Weston & N.P.Barker
Virotia — Athertonia — Heliciopsis
Subtribe
B.G.Briggs
Cardwellia — Euplassa — Gevuina — Bleasdalea — Hicksbeachia — Kermadecia 

Uses

Edible nuts of Macadamia

The

Gevuina avellana
(Chilean hazel) are grown commercially for edible nuts. Chilean hazel has an acceptable frost tolerance.

References

Wikispecies has information related to Grevilleoideae.
  1. ^ Orchard, Anthony E.; McCarthy, Patrick (eds.). "Proteaceae". Flora of Australia, Volume 16: Elaeagnaceae, Proteaceae 1. Melbourne: Australian Biological Resources Study / CSIRO Publishing. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
  2. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1975.tb01644.x
    .
  3. doi:10.7751/telopea20065733. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2009-10-02.
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