Gevuina

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Gevuina
Chilean hazel with flowers and fruits
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Subfamily: Grevilleoideae
Tribe:
Macadamieae
Subtribe:
Gevuininae
Genus: Gevuina
Molina
Species:
G. avellana
Binomial name
Gevuina avellana
MHNT

Gevuina avellana (Chilean hazelnut (avellano chileno in

bisexual and group two by two in long racemes. The fruit is a dark red nut when young and turns black.[1] The peel is woody.[1] It can grow up straight or branched from the soil, making up either a tree or a shrub.[1]

The name Gevuina comes from guevin, the Mapuche Indigenous name for the Chilean hazel.[3] The origin of the Spanish name, avellano come from the fact the Spanish settlers found the nuts similar to the hazelnuts they knew from Europe.[1] Yet the species are not closely related.[1]

The concentration of Gevuina avellana in forest is highly irregular and difficult to predict.[1] It may grow on flatland or hilly terrain, in clay or stony soils.[1] Usually Gevuina avellana grows in association to other broad-leaved trees such as Nothofagus obliqua, Nothofagus dombeyi, Nothofagus alpina, Nothofagus glauca or Laureliopsis.[1] Yet it does also grow in associations dominated by the conifers Austrocedrus, Fitzroya and Pilgerodendron.[1] As such Gevuina avellana does not form pure stands.[1]

Taxonomy

Gevuina is a

Gevuina papuana), and one species in both Chile (Gevuina avellana). Other taxonomic reports place the Australian and New Guinea species in the genus Bleasdalea[4] or in the Fijian endemic genus Turrillia, and leave Gevuina with only Gevuina avellana.[5] The Flora of Australia retains these 2 species in Gevuinia,[6] but the most recent classification places the Australian and New Guinea species as Bleasdalea bleasdalei and B. papuana[7]

Uses and cultivation

See also: Hazelnut production in Chile

The

β-carotene. Its oil is an ingredient in some sunscreens. Gevuina oil is used as a cosmetic ingredient for its moisturizing qualities and because it is a source of omega 7 fatty acids (palmitoleic acid).[9][10] Production of seeds may vary greatly from tree to tree.[1]

The tree is a good honey plant for bees and is also cultivated as an ornamental plant. The seed shells contain tannin that is used for tanning leather. The tree has an acceptable frost resistance (at least −12 °C (10 °F)) when mature. The wood is cream-colored with dark brown streaking and is used in cabinetry and musical instruments. It was

Seattle, Washington, squirrels and birds eat seeds from the trees.[citation needed] New varieties of greater yield than the original wild stock are being developed in both Chile and New Zealand. [citation needed
]

As of 1982, only a tiny fraction of the nuts of wild stands were collected for processing.[1]

Gallery

  • Leaves and flowers
    Leaves and flowers
  • Twig
    Twig
  • Flowers and fruits
    Flowers and fruits
  • Fallen nuts
    Fallen nuts

See also

  • Avellanita bustillosii

Notes

  1. ^ In the north Gevuina avellana grows along the coast beyond Itata River[1] as part of the Maulino forest.[2] To the south the plant grows as far as Guaitecas Archipelago.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Karmelić V., Julia, ed. (1982-07-01). Recoleccion e industrializacion de avellana chilena (Report) (in Spanish). Intec-Chile.
  2. ^ Bustamante, Ramiro O.; Simonetti, Javier A.; Grez, Audrey A.; San Martín, José (2005). "Fragmentación y dinámica de regeneración del bosque Maulino: diagnóstico actual y perspectivas futuras" [Fragmentation and regeneration dynamics of the Maulino forest: present status and future prospects] (PDF). In Smith, C.; Armesto, J.; Valdovinos, C. (eds.). Historia, biodiversidad y ecología de los bosques costeros de Chile (in Spanish). pp. 529–539.
  3. ^ "Gevuina avellana". Enciclopedia de la Flora Chilena. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
  4. ^ A.C.Smith & J.E.Haas, 1975. American Journal of Botany, 62: 142.
  5. ^ A.C.Smith, 1985. Flora Vitiensis Nova 3: 754.
  6. ^ "ABRS Flora of Australia Online Search Results". www.anbg.gov.au. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  7. ^ Weston; Barker, Nigel P. (2008). "A new suprageneric classification of the Proteaceae, with an annotated checklist of genera". Telopea. 11 (3): 339.
  8. ISBN 0-9628087-0-9
  9. S2CID 81540094
    .
  10. ^ FR 2681530 A1 (SO.F.I.A. Cosmetiques (S.A.R.L.)) 26.03.1993
  11. ^ "Plantas de la flora de Chile cultivadas en España" [Chilean plants cultivated in Spain] (PDF). José Manuel Sánchez de Lorenzo-Cáceres. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-20. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
  12. ^ "Gevuina avellana in Washington Park Arboretum" (PDF). Seattle Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-24. Retrieved 2009-06-27.

Sources

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