Guisborough
Guisborough | |
---|---|
Town | |
OS grid reference | NZ610159 |
• London | 255.1 miles |
Civil parish |
|
Unitary authority | |
Ceremonial county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | GUISBOROUGH |
Postcode district | TS14 |
Dialling code | 01287 |
Police | Cleveland |
Fire | Cleveland |
Ambulance | North East |
UK Parliament | |
Website | Guisborough Town Council |
Guisborough (
Etymology
Assessing the origin of the name Guisborough,
('stream'). It seems that the settlement was simply known by both names, the -burh/-borough forms predominate in the historical record and this survives today.The origin of the first element is uncertain: Smith's best guess was from the
History
Roman
Some archaeologists date the town to the Roman occupation, when it may have been a military fortification. The discoveries of a few Roman artefacts such as the elaborate ceremonial Guisborough Helmet, support this but proof is still lacking.
The Guisborough Helmet is a Roman cavalry helmet found near the town in 1864. Its original protective cheek-pieces have not survived but the attachment holes can be seen in front of the helmet's ear guards. It is lavishly decorated with engraved and embossed figures indicating that it was probably used for display or cavalry tournaments, although possibly for battle as well. It was unearthed in what appears to be a carefully arranged deposition in a bed of gravel, distant from any known Roman sites. After its recovery during roadworks it was donated to the British Museum for restoration and display.[3]
Medieval
Gighesbore is recorded in the Domesday Book in 1086 as a place within Langbaurgh Wapentake or hundred.[4]
The ruined Gisborough Priory dates from the 12th century.[5]
Victorian era
The town shared in the prosperity of the
Recent history
Guisborough station was on the Middlesbrough–Guisborough branch of the North Eastern Railway; it closed in 1964. Extensive residential development occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, linked to the expansion of the chemical industry at Wilton and the steel industry at Redcar.
Governance
Guisborough Town Council | |
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Type | |
Type | Town Council |
Meeting place | |
Website | |
www |
Guisborough's county authority since 1889, the
Guisborough Town Hall was built on Westgate in 1821. When built, it was arcaded with shambles on the ground floor and an assembly room on the first.[7] The two-storey building was topped with a third storey in 1870.[8] In 2015 Redcar and Cleveland Council acquired the building at auction and subsequently announced plans to redevelop it with financial support from the National Lottery Heritage Fund and Tees Valley Combined Authority,[9] the building reopened in April 2022. This building now hosts tea afternoons on Thursdays.
Religion
The
Community
Guisborough is the home of the East Cleveland Explorer Scout Unit for those aged 14–18, affiliated to the Scout Association. Activities include work on The Duke of Edinburgh's Award, Young Leaders volunteering, and over 200 different adventure activities. It has about 30 members. The 3rd Guisborough Scout Group (The Pioneers) at Belmangate was established in 1974.[11]
There is also a group of volunteer trail builders working to provide free mountain-bike trails in the local forest. Local musicians are catered for at an open mic/jam session every Wednesday night.[12]
Education
Askham Bryan College of Agriculture has opened a Guisborough Centre on the same site as Prior Pursglove College.[15] It consists of an animal management centre and a modern building, the Priory Centre, which the two colleges share.[16]
Transport
Road
Two main roads cross at Guisborough, the A171 leading west to Middlesbrough and east to Whitby, and the A173 south-west to Stokesley and north-east as far as Skelton, where it joins the A174 coast road. Before the bypass was built, the A171 ran along Westgate, the town's main street, crossing the A173 at Chapel Beck Bridge. Just beyond the bypass to the north-east, a B-road heads north from the A173 to Redcar. Another minor route out of town, Wilton Lane, is a winding, almost single-track road running north to the village of Wilton and on to the ICI Wilton chemical works. There are two other lanes that lead out of town into the hills. Hutton Lane ends at Hutton Village, built mostly for local mining, agricultural and estate workers. Belmangate is an ancient funeral route.
Paths
The south of the town is bounded by the
Railway station
Until 1964, Guisborough was served by trains from Middlesbrough – the
Economy
Guisborough market is held on Thursday and Saturday with a few stalls on Tuesday. Originally selling cattle and other livestock, the market developed into a general market for fruit and vegetables, clothing and flowers. It opens from early morning to late afternoon on the restored cobbles of Westgate,[citation needed] the main shopping street.[citation needed] Guisborough Museum, behind Westgate's Sunnyfield House, shows photographs of Guisborough's history and inhabitants.
One main employer in the town was The Shirt Factory. Towards the end of its existence it was acquired by Montague Burton of Leeds, but it closed in 1999.[17] Other former employers were Blackett Hutton and Co., maker of medium high-integrity castings, and the civil engineering firm Henderson Campbell.[18]
There is a working watermill at Tocketts Mill. On 15 January 2004, Guisborough was granted Fairtrade Town status. It is a commuter town for nearby Middlesbrough and has many working in the chemical plants around Teesside.
Sport
King George's Fields, adjacent to the football club, is a playing field with a small playground and a skate park. There is a swimming pool, built in 1968, at the fields. An eight-year campaign led by the late MP, Dr Ashok Kumar, secured the pool's refurbishment, which was completed in 2008–2009.[19]
Guisborough Rugby Union Football club plays in
Guisborough Cricket Club plays in the
Media
Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC North East and Cumbria and ITV Tyne Tees. Television signals are received from the Bilsdale and the local relay TV transmitters.[20][21]
Local radio stations are BBC Radio Tees, Capital North East, Smooth North East, Heart North East, and Zetland FM, a community based radio station which broadcast from its studio in Redcar.[22]
The town is served by the local newspapers TeessideLive and The Northern Echo.[23][24]
Notable people
- Willie Applegarth (1890–1958), Olympic track and field athlete
- John Gilbert Baker (1836–1920), botanist
- Mark Benton (born 1965), character actor
- Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale (died before 1138), Norman baron and knight, founder of the Bruce dynasty of Scotland and England
- John Bulmer (1867–1917), first-class cricketer
- Bob Champion (born 1948), steeplechase jockey who won the 1981 Grand National, despite being recently diagnosed with cancer
- Henry Savile Clarke (1841–1893), dramatist and critic
- Doncaster Rovers
- Ralph Gaudie (1876–1951), professional footballer, notably with Arsenal
- Sean Gregan (born 1974), professional footballer
- Robert Holman (1952-2021), writer
- Lawry Lewin (born 1985), television actor
- Rod Liddle (born 1960), journalist, at school in Guisborough
- Katy Livingston (born 1984), Olympic modern pentathlete
- Richard Milward (born 1984), novelist
- Elinor Lyon (1921–2008), children's writer born in the town
- Alan Ramage (born 1957), cricketer
- Mark Robinson(born 1981), footballer with Guisborough Town
- head girl at Laurence Jackson School, later newsreader and presenter of The Clothes Show
- tribologist
- Walter of Guisborough (fl. 13th c.), medieval chronicler
- Catholicism
- Joseph Whitehead (1814–1894), Canadian railway pioneer and political figure
- Will Muir, professional rugby union player
Climate
The area generally has warm summers and relatively mild winters. During the year, on average there is around 650mm of rainfall.
Climate data for Guisborough | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6 (43) |
6 (43) |
8 (46) |
11 (52) |
15 (59) |
18 (64) |
19 (66) |
19 (66) |
17 (63) |
13 (55) |
9 (48) |
7 (45) |
9 (48) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0 (32) |
0 (32) |
2 (36) |
3 (37) |
6 (43) |
9 (48) |
11 (52) |
11 (52) |
9 (48) |
6 (43) |
3 (37) |
1 (34) |
0 (32) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 47 (1.9) |
33 (1.3) |
44 (1.7) |
48 (1.9) |
39 (1.5) |
73 (2.9) |
69 (2.7) |
64 (2.5) |
50 (2.0) |
65 (2.6) |
60 (2.4) |
51 (2.0) |
643 (25.3) |
Source 1: Weather.com[25] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: WorldWeatherOnline.com[26] |
References
- ^ Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
- ^ A. H. Smith, The Place-Names of the North Riding of Yorkshire, English Place-Name Society, 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1928), pp. 149–150.
- ^ "British Museum collection database". Retrieved 17 November 2010.
- ^ Guisborough in the Domesday Book. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
- ^ The priory, Gisborough Hall (16th century, demolished and rebuilt) and some other features are spelt without the first "u".
- ^ Historic England. "Gisborough Hall, and retaining wall, balustrade, piers and steps to the south (1310795)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
- ^ Lewis, Samuel (1848). "'Groton – Gunnerton', in A Topographical Dictionary of England". London: British History Online. pp. 348–360. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- ^ Historic England. "Town Hall (1329572)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
- ^ "Multi-million pound project to transform derelict building into 'gateway to the North York Moors'". Gazette Live. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- ^ "Guisborough Parish Church". Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
- ^ [scouts.org.uk][full citation needed]
- ^ "Guisborough Open Mic Night". Retrieved 9 March 2017.
- ^ "Laurence Jackson School". Retrieved 9 March 2017.
- ^ "History". Pursglove Archives. Prior Pursglove College. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
- ^ "Guisborough Centre". Askahm Bryan College. Archived from the original on 24 February 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
- ^ "Prior Pursglove". Retrieved 9 March 2017.
- ^ "Factory is spending thousands to reduce noise". Retrieved 9 March 2017.
- ^ "Civil engineering firm Henderson Campbell". 18 October 2005. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
- ^ "Guisborough Swimming Pool Reopens". Middlesbrough Evening Gazette. 2 February 2009.
- ^ "Bilsdale (North Yorkshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- ^ "Freeview Light on the Guisborough (Redcar and Cleveland, England) transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- ^ "About Zetland FM". Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- ^ "Guisborough - Latest News And Pictures". Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- ^ "The Northern Echo". British Papers. 12 May 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- Weather.com. August 2011. Retrieved 16 June 2011.
- ^ "Guisborough, UK Weather Averages". WorldWeatherOnline.com. Archived from the original on 9 February 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2011.