Hanseaten (class)

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Hanseatic (class)
)
"Hanseat" redirects here. For the three-wheeler, see
Tempo (car). For the fishing trawler and vorpostenboot, see German trawler V 312 Hanseat
.

Hanseatic (sister) cities
Johann Hinrich Gossler of the Hanseatic Berenberg-Gossler-Seyler banking dynasty, who married Elisabeth Berenberg and became owner of Berenberg Bank

The Hanseaten (German:

pastors (Hauptpastoren). Hanseaten refers specifically to the ruling families of Hamburg, Lübeck and Bremen, but more broadly, this group is also referred to as patricians along with similar social groups elsewhere in continental Europe
.

Since the

Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg" (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg),[1][2] the "Free Hanseatic City of Bremen" (Freie Hansestadt Bremen) and the "Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck" (Freie und Hansestadt Lübeck), the latter being simply known since 1937 as the "Hanseatic City of Lübeck". (Hansestadt Lübeck).[3]

Hamburg was one of the oldest stringent civic republics,

German Revolution of 1918–19 and the Weimar Constitution.[5] Hamburg was strictly republican, but it was not a democracy, but rather an oligarchy
.

The Hanseaten were regarded as being of equal rank to the (landed)

Nobel Prize for Literature
.

Relationship to the nobility

See also: Republicanism
Part of a series on the
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First Mayor Johann Heinrich Burchard

The relationship between the Hanseatic and noble families varied depending on the city. The most republican city was Hamburg, where the nobility was banned, from the 13th century to the 19th century, from owning property, participating in the political life of the city republic, and even from living within its walls. Hamburg, however, was not a true democracy, but rather an

Amsinck, exclaimed "Aber John, unser guter Name! [But John, our good name!]"[8] Upon hearing of the ennoblement of Rudolph Schröder (1852–1938) of the ancient Hanseatic Schröder family, Hamburg First Mayor Johann Heinrich Burchard remarked that the Prussian King could indeed "place" (versetzen) Schröder among the nobles, but he could not "elevate" (erheben) a Hanseatic merchant.[8]

Hanseatic rejection

The long standing tradition that Hanseaten do not accept medals and honors "of foreign powers" is called the "hanseatic rejection". It is reflecting the spirit of unconditional independence, modesty and equality of the citizens of hanseatic cities. In an early version of the Hamburg constitution from 1270 it is written that "the fact that the externally visible insignia of the order should distinguish the decorated one from his colleagues and fellow citizens as a superior one" as a circumstance that was in decisive contradiction to the spirit of the city constitution.[10] Politician Hans Koschnik (Bremen), former chancelor Helmut Schmidt (Hamburg) and several others people from Lübeck, Hamburg and Bremen refused the Order of the Federal Cross of Merit referring to the "hanseatic rejection".[11][12]

Bremen and Hamburg are also the only federal states that have not created their own orders of merit.

Hanseatic families

A few prominent families are listed here.

Abendroth

Albers

Amsinck

Main article:
Amsinck

Berenberg, Goßler and Berenberg-Goßler

Main article:
Berenberg-Gossler-Seyler banking dynasty

Burchard

de Chapeaurouge

Fehling

Godeffroy

Hudtwalcker

Jauch

Main article: Jauch family

Jencquel

Justus

Main article: Justus family
  • Bartholomäus Justus (1540–1607), Hamburg notary public at St Petri district of Hamburg
  • Christoph Justus (1579–1652), Merchant in the Gröninger Straße, St Katharinen district of Hamburg
  • Friederich Justus (1683–1757), Merchant in Neukalen and Mayor of Neukalen in the state of Mecklenburg, Founder of the Tobacco business est in 1723
  • Friederich Justus (1722–1784), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger Straße, Grand Burgher, Oberalter St Katharinen, top 5 ranking member of the Hamburg Parliament, President of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce
  • Joachim Christian Justus (1732–1802), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in Hamburg and in Riga
  • Georg Heinrich Justus (1761–1803), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger Straße
  • Friederich Justus (1797–1852), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger Straße, Consul General of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in Hamburg
  • Heinrich Wilhelm Justus (1800–1839), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger Straße
  • Heinrich Eduard Justus (1828–1899), Owner of the first united steam shipping fleet on the Alster and the dockyard at Leinpfad Hamburg, Member of Hamburg Parliament
  • Johannes Wilheln Justus (1857–1943), Partner of the Latin America Trading Company "Riensch & Held" est 1845 in Hamburg and Mexico, Co-Founding Member of the Hamburg Golf Club in 1905
  • Heinz Heinrich Ernst Justus (1894–1982), Partner of the Latin America Trading Company "Riensch & Held", member of the plenum of Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, First Lieutenant WWI, EK I and EK II

Kellinghusen

Lorenz-Meyer

Mann

Main article: Mann family
  • Thomas Johann Heinrich Mann (1840–1891), senator of Lübeck; fictionalized "Thomas Buddenbrook" in Buddenbrooks
  • Heinrich Mann (1871–1950), German novelist
  • Thomas Mann (1875–1955), German novelist
  • Erika Mann (1905–1969), German actress and writer
  • Klaus Mann (1906–1949), German novelist
  • Golo Mann (1909–1994), German historian

Merck (Hamburg branch of the Merck family)

  • Heinrich Johann Merck (1770–1853), Hamburg senator
  • Syndicus
    (privy councillor)
  • Baron Ernst Merck (1811–1863), Hamburg merchant and cavalry chief of the Hamburg Citizen Militia

Moller (vom Baum)

Mutzenbecher

Nölting

Christian Adolph Overbeck,
mayor of the Free Imperial and Hanseatic City of Lübeck, son of Eleonora Maria Jauch (drawing by Johann Friedrich Overbeck)

Overbeck

Petersen

Schlüter

Schröder

Schuback

Siemers

Sieveking

Sillem

Sloman

Stern

Tesdorpf

See also

Literature

  • Lu Seegers (2016): Hanseaten: Mythos und Realität des ehrbaren Kaufmanns seit dem 19. Jahrhundert. (Hanseatic class: myth and reality of the honorable merchant since the 19th century). in: Katalog des Europäischen Hansemuseums, Lübeck 2016, p. 106-110.
  • Lu Seegers (2014): Hanseaten und das Hanseatische in Diktatur und Demokratie: Politisch-ideologische Zuschreibungen und Praxen (Hanseatic League and the Hanseatic in Dictatorship and Democracy: Political-Ideological Attributions and Practices). in: Zeitgeschichte in Hamburg 2014, hrsg. von der Forschungsstelle für Zeitgeschichte in Hamburg (FZH), Hamburg 2015, p. 71-83.

References

  1. ISBN 3-86108-693-X
  2. ^ Following the Greater Hamburg Act, it was named the Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Hansestadt Hamburg) from 1938 until 1952 (constitution of 6 June 1952 Archived 18 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine), at which point it again became known as the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg)
  3. Federal Constitutional Court of Germany in its attempt to reconstitute its statehood
  4. ^ Nobles were banned since 1276 from living inside the city wall – Renate Hauschild-Thiessen, Adel und Bürgertum in Hamburg, in: Hamburgisches Geschlechterbuch, volume 14, Limburg an der Lahn 1997, p. XXII
  5. ^ The historical science assumes a timocratic or oligarchic character of Hamburg's constitution, being the reason why Hamburg at the Congress of Vienna was accepted by the princes of the German states as a member of the German Confederation – Peter Borowsky, Vertritt die "Bürgerschaft“ die Bürgerschaft? Verfassungs-, Bürger- und Wahlrecht in Hamburg von 1814 bis 1914, in: Schlaglichter historischer Forschung. Studien zur deutschen Geschichte im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert, Hamburg, p. 93)
  6. ^ Rudolf Endres. "Adel in der frühen Neuzeit". Enzyklopaedie Deutscher Geschichte. Vol. 18. Oldenbourg. p. 72.
  7. ^ Richard J. Evans (1987). Death in Hamburg: Society and Politics in the Cholera Years 1830–1910. Oxford. p. 560.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. ^ a b c Renate Hauschild-Thiessen (1997). "Adel und Bürgertum in Hamburg". Hamburgisches Geschlechterbuch. Vol. 14. p. 30.
  9. ^ Percy Ernst Schramm (1969). Gewinn und Verlust. Hamburg: Christians. p. 108.
  10. ^ German Original: "die Tatsache, dass die äußerlich sichtbaren Ordensinsignien den Decorierten vor seinen Kollegen und Mitbürgern als einen vorzüglicheren auszeichnen sollen". Manager Magazin, 2002 https://www.manager-magazin.de/unternehmen/karriere/a-205859.html
  11. ^ "Warum Hanseaten keine Orden tragen". shmh.de (in German). Retrieved 20 April 2022.
  12. ^ Döbler, Moritz (21 April 2016). "Ein großer Bremer, ein großer Staatsmann - WESER-KURIER". weser-kurier-de (in German). Retrieved 20 April 2022.
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