Huai'an

Coordinates: 33°33′04″N 119°06′47″E / 33.551°N 119.113°E / 33.551; 119.113
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with Huainan.
For other uses, see Huai'an (disambiguation).
Huai'an
淮安市
Hwaian, Huai-an
Postal code
223000, 223200, 223300
(Urban center)
211600, 211700, 223100, 223400
(Other areas) (Other areas)
License Plate Prefix
苏H
Websitewww.huaian.gov.cn
Huai'an
Hanyu Pinyin
Huáiyīn
Wade–GilesHuai-yin

Huai'an, formerly Huaiyin, is a

Jiangsu Province in Eastern China. As of 2020, the built-up area (metro) of its 3 central urban districts had 2,544,767 inhabitants and the prefecture-level city as a whole had 4,556,230 inhabitants, down from 4.8 million in 2010
.

Long an important regional center, Huai'an lies on and is named for the

PRC
from 1949 until his death in 1976.

Names

Huai'an is the

Wade-Giles
.

For much of the 20th century, Huai'an was officially known as Huaiyin in pinyin, Huai-yin in Wade-Giles, and Hwaiyin in

bank
of the Huai".

Geography

Huai'an lies on the

freshwater lake in China, is southwest of the urban districts. Towards the south, there are also several smaller lakes. Huai'an is situated almost directly south of Lianyungang, southeast of Suqian, northwest of Yancheng, and north of Yangzhou and Nanjing in Jiangsu and northeast of Chuzhou in Anhui
.

Climate

The climate in Huai'an is mild, generally warm and temperate. Winters are much drier than in summer. Its Köppen climate classification is Cwa: humid subtropical climate with dry winters.

Climate data for Huai'an (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.3
(66.7) 		24.5
(76.1) 		27.1
(80.8) 		32.3
(90.1) 		34.5
(94.1) 		36.7
(98.1) 		36.6
(97.9) 		37.0
(98.6) 		35.1
(95.2) 		31.6
(88.9) 		27.4
(81.3) 		20.7
(69.3) 		37.0
(98.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.1
(43.0) 		8.9
(48.0) 		14.0
(57.2) 		20.2
(68.4) 		25.3
(77.5) 		28.8
(83.8) 		30.8
(87.4) 		30.3
(86.5) 		26.7
(80.1) 		21.9
(71.4) 		15.2
(59.4) 		8.5
(47.3) 		19.7
(67.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.6
(34.9) 		4.0
(39.2) 		8.6
(47.5) 		14.7
(58.5) 		20.1
(68.2) 		24.2
(75.6) 		27.2
(81.0) 		26.6
(79.9) 		22.3
(72.1) 		16.7
(62.1) 		10.2
(50.4) 		3.8
(38.8) 		15.0
(59.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −1.7
(28.9) 		0.2
(32.4) 		4.2
(39.6) 		9.7
(49.5) 		15.4
(59.7) 		20.3
(68.5) 		24.3
(75.7) 		23.7
(74.7) 		18.8
(65.8) 		12.5
(54.5) 		6.2
(43.2) 		0.2
(32.4) 		11.1
(52.1)
Record low °C (°F) −11.2
(11.8) 		−14.3
(6.3) 		−6.9
(19.6) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		5.3
(41.5) 		10.8
(51.4) 		18.0
(64.4) 		14.7
(58.5) 		8.7
(47.7) 		0.0
(32.0) 		−5.3
(22.5) 		−13.7
(7.3) 		−14.3
(6.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 27.7
(1.09) 		31.7
(1.25) 		47.4
(1.87) 		46.9
(1.85) 		68.1
(2.68) 		135.2
(5.32) 		223.6
(8.80) 		191.7
(7.55) 		83.7
(3.30) 		49.0
(1.93) 		43.3
(1.70) 		23.3
(0.92) 		971.6
(38.26)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 6.0 6.7 7.7 7.4 9.0 8.8 13.2 12.6 8.0 6.3 6.9 5.3 97.9
Average snowy days 3.4 2.8 1.1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1.2 9.1
Average
relative humidity
(%) 		72 71 70 70 73 77 85 86 82 76 74 71 76
Mean monthly sunshine hours 148.3 143.6 171.1 195.1 201.4 164.1 170.9 184.9 177.1 181.1 155.6 158.3 2,051.5
Percent possible sunshine 47 46 46 50 47 38 39 45 48 52 50 51 47
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5]

Administration

See also: List of administrative divisions of Jiangsu

The

rural counties
.

These are further divided into 127

townships, and 10 subdistricts
.

Map
Subdivision Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Population (
2020
) 		Area (km2) Density (/km2)
City Proper
Qingjiangpu District
 清江浦区 Qīngjiāngpǔ Qū 1,010,704 438.5 2,305
Suburban
Huai'an District
 淮安区 Huáiān Qū 785,272 1,460 537.9
Huaiyin District
 淮阴区 Huáiyīn Qū 748,791 1,315 569.4
Hongze District
 洪泽区 Hóngzé Qū 285,097 1,338 216.3
Rural
Lianshui County 涟水县 Liánshuǐ Xiàn 829,699 1,679 494.2
Xuyi County 盱眙县 Xūyí Xiàn 607,211 2,506 242.3
Jinhu County 金湖县 Jīnhú Xiàn 289,456 1,338 216.3
Total 4,556,230 9,971 456.9
defunct districts - Qinghe District & Qingpu District

History

Huai'an ("Hoaigan"), c. 1665[6]
Qingjiangpu ("Siampu"), c. 1665.[6]
Huai'an ("Huai-an" 淮安") from a 1955 map by the US Army Map Service

Prehistoric China

Huai'an lies southeast of the cradle of early

Chinese myth sometimes extended the flood control efforts of Yu the Great
to the Huai.

Ancient China

Under the

Shi Huangdi of Qin
.

Imperial China

Huai'an Prefecture's central offices in imperial times
Wentong Pagoda

Under the

overthrew the Qin, prominently including Han Xin
.

Under the

Huai'an), and Fulin (with its seat now under the waters of Hongze Lake
) were added.

In

irrigation
.

Under the

Grand Canal, increasing traffic and trade through the city. Emperor Yang was also responsible for changing Pofu's name to the present-day Hongze Lake out of his delight at rainfall there, encountered after an inspection tour through drought-afflicted areas.[8]

During the

Jin further north. A series of massive floods, manmade and natural, then caused it to capture the Si River and begin flowing into the lower reaches of the Huai. The massive amounts of silt greatly expanded the farmland to the east of Huai'an but also greatly expanded Hongze Lake[9] and caused repeated and disastrous floods despite centuries of attempts at river management by Pan Jixun and similar viceroys,[7]
often based within modern Huai'an.

The

Fengyang in present-day Anhui before his birth, he erected a large mausoleum in honor of his grandfather, great-grandfather, and great-great-grandfather after his establishment of the Ming. The site's was entirely submerged—along with the entire city of Sizhou—in 1680. It did not reappear above water until the early 1960s.[10]

The original Qing Yan Garden was first built during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing.

Modern China

The area was occupied by the

Japanese army during World War II and administered as part of Wang Jingwei's puppet regime
.

During the closing phases of the Chinese Civil War, it fell to the Communist army in December 1948. On 21 April 1949, the area was reorganized as Huaiyin District and divided into the 10 counties of Guanyun, Huaiyin, Huaibao (western Huai'an and Baoyin with its seat at Chahe), Lianshui, Pisui (southern Pixian and northern Suining with its seat at Tushan), Shuyang, Siyang, Suining, Suqian, and Xin'an (parts of Shuyang and Suqian with its seat at Xin'an).

On 12 May 1950, Huaibao County was divided between Huaiyin County, Huai'an County in Yancheng District, and Baoyin County in Yangzhou District. On December 18 of the same year, the urban area of Huaiyin was separately organized as Qingjiang City, which became the seat for the district. Huaiyin District joined Jiangsu upon its reestablishment in January 1953. Xin'an County was renamed Xinyi and the seat of Pisui County was moved to Yunhe. Later the same year, Pisui, Suining, and Xinyi Counties were placed under the administration of

Xuzhou District
. Qingjiang was separately elevated to a prefecture-level city despite still being subordinate to Huaiyin District. Shortly thereafter, the district added Huai'an County from Yancheng, Sihong County from Suxian, and Xuyi County from Chuxian District in Anhui. In 1956, Hongze County was established from parts of Huaiyin, Sihong, and Xuyi Counties, with its seat at Gaoliangjian. In 1957, parts of Guanyun and Lianshui Counties were organized as the Xian'an Administrative Office, which shortly became the separate Guannan County. In 1958, Qingjiang absorbed the surrounding more rural Huaiyin County but was renamed Huaiyin City.

In 1964, Huaiyin County was again separated but kept its seat in the urban area, which again became Qingjiang. In 1966, Xuyi County was transferred to Luhe District.

In 1970, Huaiyin District became the Huaiyin Region. The next year, Xuyi was transferred back from the Luhe Region. Luhe also yielded Jinhu County. In 1975, Huaiyin County's administration moved from Qingjiang to Wangyin.

In 1983, the Huaiyin Region became the directly administered Huaiyin City, with its urban core losing the separate name Qingjiang and being instead divided into Qinghe and Qingpu Districts. Most of the Huaiyin Region's counties—Guannan, Huai'an, Huaiyin, Hongze, Jinhu, Lianshui, Shuyang, Sihong, Siyang, Suqian, Xuyi—were placed under the city's administration while the last—Guanyun County—was placed under Lianyungang. In December 1987, Huai'an and Suqian Counties were promoted to county-level cities.

In 1996, the county-level city of Suqian was promoted to prefecture-level, taking Sihong, Siyang, and Shuyang Counties along with it. Guannan County was separately placed under the administration of Lianyungang.

On 21 December 2000, the prefecture-level city of Huaiyin was renamed Huai'an. The Huaiyin County and the county-level Huai'an City became Huaiyin and Huai'an Districts and the various districts' and counties' borders slightly adjusted in different ways. In October 2016, Qinghe and Qingpu reunited to form the city's current

Qingjiangpu District
.

Culture

The people of Huai'an are generally

four chief styles of true Chinese cooking
.

Sports

The Huai'an City Sports Stadium is a

football
stadium with a capacity of 30,000.

Transportation

Huai'an is served by the

Xinyi-Changxing railway
, which has a station in Huaiyin District.

Being at the intersection of the Grand Canal and Huai River Huai'an is an important inland port.

The city is also served by nearby

Huai'an Lianshui International Airport
. Currently the airport is served by China Eastern Airlines, which offers flights to Beijing-Capital, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shanghai-Hongqiao, Shanghai-Pudong, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Xiamen, and Xi'an. Several other airlines offer domestic flights to cities such as Nanning and Zhengzhou. The airport is located 22 km (14 mi) from central Huai'an in Lianshui county.

Public transportation includes a tram system that connects the city center with the southeastern side of the city.

Notable people

Twin towns and sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in China

Huai'an is twinned with:[11]

References

Citations

  1. ^ "China: Jiāngsū (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  2. ^ "存档副本". Archived from the original on 2019-10-07. Retrieved 2019-10-07.
  3. ^ Swofford, Mark (2023), "Apostrophes in Hanyu Pinyin...", Pinyin.info, Banqiao{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link).
  4. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  5. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  6. ^ a b Nieuhof (1665).
  7. ^ a b SHLWSA (7 Sept. 2020).
  8. ^ Huai'an (5 Feb. 2018).
  9. ^ SHLWSA (3 Sept. 2020).
  10. ^ Danielson (2008).
  11. ^ "Sister Cities". huaian.gov.cn. Huai'an. Retrieved 2020-07-12.

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Huai'an.
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