Krotoszyn

Coordinates: 51°41′N 17°26′E / 51.683°N 17.433°E / 51.683; 17.433
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other places with the same name, see Krotoszyn (disambiguation).

Krotoszyn
Town Hall
Town Hall
UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
63–700 to 63–710
Area code+48 62
Vehicle registrationPKR
ClimateCfb
National roads
Voivodeship roads
Websitehttp://www.krotoszyn.pl

Krotoszyn

Yiddish: קראטאשין Krotoshin) is a town in west-central Poland with 29,485 inhabitants as of 2010. It is the seat of Krotoszyn County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship
.

History

Regional Museum and Baroque Church of Saints Peter and Paul

Krotoszyn was founded by local nobleman

Casimir IV of Poland vested it with new privileges, establishing a weekly market and three annual fairs.[2]

It developed as a regional center of trade and crafts, located at the intersection of the Kalisz–Głogów and Toruń–Wrocław trade routes.[3] During the Thirty Years' War, in 1628, Protestant refugees from German states settled in the town.[2] It was plundered by the Swedes, during the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1656, but soon recovered and famous fairs were held there.[3]

It was annexed by

"Sokół" Polish Gymnastic Society.[2]

Many inhabitants took part in the

Greater Poland uprising (1918–19), during which the town was liberated by the insurgents on 1 January 1919,[3][6]
nearly two months after Poland regained its independence.

World War II

Monument to Polish soldiers who fought in defense of Krotoszyn in 1939

The Germans attacked Krotoszyn on 1 September 1939, the first day of the

prisoners of war and over 4,500 Polish soldiers passed through the camp.[2] In mid-September 1939, the Einsatzgruppe VI entered the town to commit various crimes against the Polish population.[8]

During the German occupation the Polish population was subjected to mass arrests,[9] Germanisation policies, discrimination, expulsions, executions[2] and deportations to forced labour in Germany.[10] Poles from Krotoszyn, including several local policemen and the town's deputy mayor, as well as several alumni of local schools, were also murdered by the Russians in the large Katyn massacre in April–May 1940.[11] The Germans destroyed the memorial dedicated to local Polish insurgents of 1918–1919, while another monument plaque was hidden by Poles and thus preserved.[6] Germany also established and operated a Nazi prison in the town.[12] Nevertheless, local Poles managed to organize the underground resistance movement, which included secret Polish teaching, scout troops, a local branch of the Home Army,[2] the Secret Military Organization and structures of the Polish Underground State.[13] Independent underground Polish press was issued in the town.[10]

The town was liberated by

Fall of Communism in the 1980s. Some members of the Polish resistance movement were persecuted by the communists after the war.[10]

It was within Kalisz Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998.

Economy

The dominant trade is in grain and seeds, and the headquarters of the Polish branch of Mahle GmbH is located there.

Fryderyk Chopin
in 1829

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
190012,373—    
191013,064+5.6%
192111,110−15.0%
193112,969+16.7%
YearPop.±%
193914,135+9.0%
195014,626+3.5%
196018,505+26.5%
201029,485+59.3%
Source: [14][1]

Cuisine

The officially protected traditional food originating from Krotoszyn is wędzonka krotoszyńska, a type of Polish smoked pork meat (as designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland).[15] Local traditions of meat production date back hundreds of years, and the first butchers' guilds were established shortly after granting town rights in the early 15th century.[15]

Sports

The main sports club of the town is Astra Krotoszyn with football and volleyball sections.

Notable people

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

Twin towns – Sister cities

Krotoszyn is

twinned
with:

Gallery

  • Historic townhouses at the Market Square
    Historic townhouses at the Market Square
  • Gothic Saint John the Baptist church
    Gothic
    Saint John the Baptist church
  • Krotoszyn Town Hall
    Krotoszyn Town Hall
  • Preserved old wooden church of Saints Fabian, Roch and Sebastian
    Preserved old wooden church of Saints Fabian, Roch and Sebastian
  • District court
    District court
  • Katyn massacre memorial at the local cemetery
    Katyn massacre memorial at the local cemetery

References

  1. ^ a b Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r. (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2011. p. 104. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Kalendarium do roku 1994 - Paweł Anders". Portal - Krotoszyn - oficjalna strona miasta (in Polish). Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Krotoszyn - Dzieje Miast". Region Wielkopolska (in Polish). 22 September 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  4. ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Krotoschin" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 928–929.
  5. ^ "Chopin był w Krotoszynie - odsłonięcie tablicy". Krotoszyn - oficjalna strona miasta (in Polish). Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  6. ^ a b "Krotoszyn (miasto powiatowe)". Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  7. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 89.
  8. ^ Wardzyńska, p. 60
  9. ^ Wardzyńska, p. 116
  10. ^
    ISSN 1641-9561
    .
  11. ^ Łukasz Cichy (7 April 2020). "80 lat od zbrodni katyńskiej. Są również nazwiska z Krotoszyna..." Krotoszyn Nasze Miasto (in Polish). Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  12. ^ "NS-Gefängnis Krotoschin". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  13. ISSN 1641-9561
    .
  14. ^ Dokumentacja Geograficzna (in Polish). Vol. 3/4. Warszawa: Instytut Geografii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 1967. p. 23.
  15. ^ a b "Wędzonka krotoszyńska". Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi - Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  16. ^ Wikipedia John Monash
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