List of members of the 16th Lok Sabha
This is a list of members of the
Andhra Pradesh
Keys: TDP (15) YSRCP (2) BJP (2) Vacant (6)
Arunachal Pradesh
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Arunachal West | Kiren Rijiju | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Home Affairs | |
2 | Arunachal East | Ninong Ering | Indian National Congress |
Assam
Keys: BJP (7) INC (3) AIUDF (3) Independent (1)
Bihar
Keys: BJP (21) LJP (6) RJD (4) RLSP (3) JD(U) (2) INC (1) Vacant (3)
Chhattisgarh
Keys: BJP (10) Vacant (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sarguja (ST) | Kamalbhan Singh Marabi | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
2 | Raigarh (ST) | Vishnu Deo Sai | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Steel (2014–2019), (2014–2016)
Minister of State, Mines | |
3 | Janjgir-Champa (SC)
|
Kamla Devi Patle | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
4 | Korba | Banshilal Mahto | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
5 | Bilaspur | Lakhan Lal Sahu | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
6 | Rajnandgaon | Abhishek Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
7 | Durg | Tamradhwaj Sahu (resigned on 21 December 2018) |
Indian National Congress | ||
Vacant from 21 December 2018 | |||||
8 | Raipur | Ramesh Bais | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
9 | Mahasamund | Chandu Lal Sahu | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
10 | Bastar (ST) | Dinesh Kashyap (elected on 13 May 2011) |
Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
11 | Kanker (ST) | Vikram Usendi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Goa
Keys: BJP (2)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | North Goa | Shripad Yesso Naik | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Health and Family Welfare (2014–2016)
| |
2 | South Goa | Narendra Keshav Sawaikar | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Gujarat
Keys: BJP (26)
Haryana
Keys: BJP (7) INLD (2) INC (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ambala (SC) | Rattan Lal Kataria | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
2 | Kurukshetra | Raj Kumar Saini | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
3 | Sirsa (SC) | Charanjeet Singh Rori | Indian National Lok Dal | Lok Sabha Leader, Indian National Lok Dal | |
4 | Hisar | Dushyant Chautala | Indian National Lok Dal | ||
5 | Karnal | Ashwini Kumar Chopra | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
6 | Sonipat | Ramesh Chander Kaushik | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
7 | Rohtak | Deepender Singh Hooda | Indian National Congress | ||
8 | Bhiwani–Mahendragarh | Dharambir Singh
|
Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
9 | Gurgaon | Rao Inderjit Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State (I/C), Planning (2014–2019), Minister of State (I/C), Statistics and Programme Implementation (2014), Minister of State, Defence (2014–2016), Minister of State, Chemicals and Fertilizers (2017–2019) | |
10 | Faridabad | Krishan Pal Gurjar | Bharatiya Janata Party | Shipping (2014), (2014–2019)
Minister of State, Social Justice and Empowerment |
Himachal Pradesh
Keys: BJP (4)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Kangra | Ram Swaroop Sharma | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
2 | Mandi | Shanta Kumar | Bharatiya Janata Party | Chairman, Committee on Public Undertakings | |
3 | Hamirpur | Anurag Singh Thakur
|
Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
4 | Shimla (SC) | Virender Kashyap | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Jammu & Kashmir
Keys: BJP (2) JKNC (1) JKPDP (1) Vacant (2)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Baramulla | Muzaffar Hussain Baig | Jammu & Kashmir People's Democratic Party
|
Lok Sabha Leader, Jammu & Kashmir People's Democratic Party (2016–2019)
| |
2 | Srinagar | Tariq Hameed Karra (resigned on 17 October 2016) |
Jammu & Kashmir People's Democratic Party
|
||
Farooq Abdullah (elected on 15 April 2017) |
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference | Lok Sabha Leader, Jammu & Kashmir National Conference | |||
3 | Anantnag | Mehbooba Mufti (resigned on 4 April 2016) |
Jammu & Kashmir People's Democratic Party
|
Lok Sabha Leader, Jammu & Kashmir People's Democratic Party (2014–2016)
| |
Vacant from 4 April 2016 | |||||
4 | Ladakh | Thupstan Chhewang (resigned on 13 December 2018) |
Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
Vacant from 13 December 2018 | |||||
5 | Udhampur | Jitendra Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State (I/C), Science & Technology, Earth Sciences (2014), Minister of State (I/C), Development of North Eastern Region (2014–2019), Minister of State, Prime Minister's Office, Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions | |
6 | Jammu | Jugal Kishore Sharma | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Jharkhand
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Rajmahal (ST) | Vijay Kumar Hansdak
|
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | ||
2 | Dumka (ST) | Shibu Soren | Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | Lok Sabha Leader, Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | |
3 | Godda | Nishikant Dubey | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
4 | Chatra | Sunil Kumar Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
5 | Kodarma | Ravindra Kumar Ray | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
6 | Giridih | Ravindra Kumar Pandey | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
7 | Dhanbad | Pashupati Nath Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
8 | Ranchi | Ram Tahal Choudhary | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
9 | Jamshedpur | Bidyut Baran Mahato | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
10 | Singhbhum (ST) | Laxman Giluwa | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
11 | Khunti (ST) | Karia Munda
|
Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
12 | Lohardaga (ST) | Sudarshan Bhagat | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Tribal Affairs (2017–2019)
| |
13 | Palamau (SC) | Vishnu Dayal Ram | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
14 | Hazaribagh | Jayant Sinha | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Finance (2014–2016), Minister of State, Civil Aviation (2016–2019) |
Karnataka
Keys: BJP (15) INC (10) JD(S) (2) Vacant (1)
Kerala
Keys: INC (7) CPI(M) (5) IUML (2) Independent (2) CPI (1) RSP (1) Vacant (2)
Madhya Pradesh
Keys: BJP (24) INC (2) Vacant (3)
Maharashtra
Keys: BJP (22) SS (18) NCP (5) INC (2) SWP (1)
Manipur
Keys: INC (2)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Inner Manipur | Thokchom Meinya | Indian National Congress | ||
2 | Outer Manipur (ST) | Thangso Baite | Indian National Congress |
Meghalaya
Keys: INC (1) Vacant (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Shillong (ST) | Vincent Pala | Indian National Congress | ||
2 | Tura (ST) | P. A. Sangma (died on 4 March 2016)[13] |
National People's Party | Lok Sabha Leader, National People's Party (2014–2016) | |
Conrad Sangma (elected on 19 May 2016 and resigned on 4 September 2018)[14] |
National People's Party | Lok Sabha Leader, National People's Party (2016–2018) | |||
Vacant from 4 September 2018 |
Mizoram
Keys: INC (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mizoram (ST) | C. L. Ruala | Indian National Congress |
Nagaland
Keys: NDPP (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Nagaland | Neiphiu Rio (resigned on 22 February 2018) |
Naga People's Front | Lok Sabha Leader, Naga People's Front | |
Tokheho Yepthomi (elected on 31 May 2018) |
Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party | Lok Sabha Leader, Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party |
Odisha
Keys: BJD (18) BJP (1) Vacant (2)
Punjab
Keys: SAD (4) AAP (4) INC (4) BJP (1)
Rajasthan
Keys: BJP (22) INC (1) Vacant (2)
Sikkim
Keys: SDF (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sikkim | Prem Das Rai | Sikkim Democratic Front | Lok Sabha Leader, Sikkim Democratic Front |
Tamil Nadu
Keys: AIADMK (36) BJP (1) PMK (1) Vacant (1)
Telangana
Keys:
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Adilabad (ST) | G. Nagesh | Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
2 | Peddapalle (SC) | Balka Suman (resigned on 17 December 2018) |
Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
Vacant from 17 December 2018 | |||||
3 | Karimnagar | Vinod Kumar Boianapalli
|
Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
4 | Nizamabad | K. Kavitha | Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
5 | Zahirabad | B. B. Patil | Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
6 | Medak | K. Chandrashekar Rao (resigned on 27 May 2014) |
Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
Kotha Prabhakar Reddy (elected on 16 September 2014) |
Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||||
7 | Malkajgiri | Malla Reddy (resigned on 14 December 2018) |
Telugu Desam Party | ||
Vacant from 14 December 2018 | |||||
8 | Secunderabad | Bandaru Dattatreya | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State (I/C), Labour and Employment (2014–2017) | |
9 | Hyderabad | Asaduddin Owaisi | All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen
|
Lok Sabha Leader, All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen
| |
10 | Chevella | Konda Vishweshwar Reddy | Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
11 | Mahbubnagar | A. P. Jithender Reddy | Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
Lok Sabha Leader, Telangana Rashtra Samithi
| |
12 | Nagarkurnool (SC) | Nandi Yellaiah | Indian National Congress | ||
13 | Nalgonda | Gutha Sukender Reddy | Indian National Congress | ||
14 | Bhongir | Boora Narsaiah Goud | Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
15 | Warangal (SC) | Kadiyam Srihari (resigned on 11 June 2015) |
Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
Pasunuri Dayakar (elected on 24 November 2015)[23] |
Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||||
16 | Mahabubabad (ST) | A. Sitaram Naik | Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|
||
17 | Khammam | Ponguleti Srinivas Reddy | YSR Congress Party |
Tripura
Keys: CPI(M) (2)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Tripura West | Sankar Prasad Datta | Communist Party of India | ||
2 | Tripura East (ST) | Jitendra Choudhury
|
Communist Party of India |
Uttar Pradesh
Keys:
BJP (68)
SP (7)
Uttarakhand
Keys: BJP (5)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Tehri Garhwal | Mala Rajya Laxmi Shah | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
2 | Garhwal | B. C. Khanduri | Bharatiya Janata Party | Chairman, Standing Committee on Defence (2014–2017) | |
3 | Almora (SC) | Ajay Tamta | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Textiles (2016–2019)
| |
4 | Nainital–Udhamsingh Nagar | Bhagat Singh Koshyari | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
5 | Haridwar | Ramesh Pokhriyal | Bharatiya Janata Party |
West Bengal
Keys:
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Cooch Behar (SC) | Renuka Sinha (died on 17 August 2016) |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
Partha Pratim Roy (elected on 22 November 2016) |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||||
2 | Alipurduars (ST) | Dasrath Tirkey | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
3 | Jalpaiguri (SC) | Bijoy Chandra Barman | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
4 | Darjeeling | S. S. Ahluwalia | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Electronics and Information Technology (2017–2018)
| |
5 | Raiganj | Mohammed Salim | Communist Party of India | ||
6 | Balurghat | Arpita Ghosh | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
7 | Maldaha Uttar | Mausam Noor | Indian National Congress | ||
8 | Maldaha Dakshin | Abu Hasem Khan Choudhury | Indian National Congress | ||
9 | Jangipur | Abhijit Mukherjee | Indian National Congress | ||
10 | Baharampur | Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury | Indian National Congress | ||
11 | Murshidabad | Badaruddoza Khan | Communist Party of India | ||
12 | Krishnanagar | Tapas Paul | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
13 | Ranaghat (SC) | Tapas Mandal | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
14 | Bangaon (SC)
|
Kapil Krishna Thakur (died on 13 October 2014) |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
Mamata Thakur (elected on 16 February 2015) |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||||
15 | Barrackpore | Dinesh Trivedi | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
16 | Dum Dum | Saugata Roy | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
17 | Barasat | Kakali Ghosh Dastidar
|
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
18 | Basirhat | Idris Ali | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
19 | Jaynagar (SC) | Pratima Mondal | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
20 | Mathurapur (SC) | Choudhury Mohan Jatua | All India Trinamool Congress
|
Minister of State, Information and Broadcasting (2009–2012) | |
21 | Diamond Harbour | Abhishek Banerjee | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
22 | Jadavpur | Sugata Bose (resigned on 12 March 2019) |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
Vacant from 12 March 2019 | |||||
23 | Kolkata Dakshin | Subrata Bakshi | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
24 | Kolkata Uttar | Sudip Bandyopadhyay | All India Trinamool Congress
|
Lok Sabha Leader, All India Trinamool Congress
| |
25 | Howrah | Prasun Banerjee | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
26 | Uluberia | Sultan Ahmed (died on 4 September 2017)[25] |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
Sajda Ahmed (elected on 1 February 2018)[26] |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||||
27 | Serampore | Kalyan Banerjee | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
28 | Hooghly | Ratna De (Nag)
|
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
29 | Arambagh (SC) | Afrin Ali
|
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
30 | Tamluk | Suvendu Adhikari (resigned on 19 May 2016) |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
Dibyendu Adhikari (elected on 22 November 2016) |
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||||
31 | Kanthi | Sisir Adhikari | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
32 | Ghatal | Deepak Adhikari (Dev) | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
33 | Jhargram (ST) | Uma Saren | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
34 | Medinipur | Sandhya Roy | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
35 | Purulia | Mriganka Mahato
|
All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
36 | Bankura | Moon Moon Sen | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
37 | Bishnupur (SC) | Saumitra Khan | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
38 | Bardhaman Purba (SC) | Sunil Kumar Mandal | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
39 | Burdwan–Durgapur | Mamtaz Sanghamita | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
40 | Asansol | Babul Supriyo | Bharatiya Janata Party | Minister of State, Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises (2016–2019)
| |
41 | Bolpur (SC) | Anupam Hazra | All India Trinamool Congress
|
||
42 | Birbhum | Satabdi Roy | All India Trinamool Congress
|
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Keys: BJP (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Bishnu Pada Ray | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Chandigarh
Keys: BJP (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Chandigarh | Kirron Kher | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Keys: BJP (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli (ST) | Natubhai Gomanbhai Patel | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Daman and Diu
Keys: BJP (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Daman and Diu | Lalubhai Patel | Bharatiya Janata Party |
National Capital Territory of Delhi
Keys: BJP (7)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Chandni Chowk | Harsh Vardhan | Bharatiya Janata Party | Cabinet Minister, Health and Family Welfare (2014), Cabinet Minister, Science and Technology, and Earth Sciences (2014–2019), Cabinet Minister, Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2017–2019) | |
2 | North East Delhi | Manoj Tiwari | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
3 | East Delhi | Maheish Girri | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
4 | New Delhi | Meenakshi Lekhi | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
5 | North West Delhi (SC) | Udit Raj | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
6 | West Delhi | Parvesh Verma | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
7 | South Delhi | Ramesh Bidhuri | Bharatiya Janata Party |
Lakshadweep
Keys: NCP (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Lakshadweep (ST) | Mohammed Faizal P. P. | Nationalist Congress Party |
Puducherry
Keys: AINRC (1)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Puducherry | R. Radhakrishnan | All India N.R. Congress | Lok Sabha Leader, All India N.R. Congress |
Nominated
Keys: BJP (2)
No. | Constituency | Member of Parliament | Party affiliation | Roles and responsibilities | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Anglo-Indian Community | George Baker | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
2 | Richard Hay | Bharatiya Janata Party |
See also
- Member of parliament, Lok Sabha
- List of members of the 15th Lok Sabha
- List of members of the 17th Lok Sabha
References
- ^ "General Election to Lok Sabha Trends & Result 2014". Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
- ^ "India General (Lok Sabha) Election 2014 Results". Mapsofindia.com.
- ^ "Notification by Election Commission" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
- ^ "RJD leader and former Union minister Mohammed Taslimuddin dies aged 74". The Times of India.
- ^ "Kishanganj Congress MP Maulana Asrar-ul-Haque Qasmi passes away at 76". 7 December 2018.
- ^ "Narendra Modi quits Vadodara, retains Varanasi". The Indian Express. 30 May 2014. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Prime Minister Narendra Modi Yojana list of 2019". isupportnamo.ooo. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
- ^ "BJP Lok Sabha Member Dileep Singh Bhuria Dies at 71". NDTV. 25 June 2015.
- CNN-IBN. 24 November 2015.
- ^ "Disgruntled Maharashtra MP Nana Patole quits BJP, Lok Sabha". The Hindu. 8 December 2017.
- ^ "Palghar BJP Lawmaker Chintaman Vanga Dies Of Heart Attack". Ndtv.com.
- ^ "Union minister Gopinath Munde dies in road accident in Delhi". The Times of India=.
- ^ "Former Lok Sabha speaker P.A. Sangma passes away". The Hindu. 5 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
- ^ "Conrad Sangma wins Tura LS bypoll by nearly 2 lakh votes". Business Standard. 19 May 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
- ^ "BJD MP Hemendra Chandra Singh dead". The Hindu. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
- ^ "बॉलिवुड ऐक्टर विनोद खन्ना का निधन, लंबे समय से थे बीमार". Navbharattimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ^ "पंजाब में कांग्रेस को दिवाली गिफ्ट, गुरदासपुर उपचुनाव में जाखड़ 1.93 लाख मतों से जीते". Jagran.com (in Hindi). Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ^ "Lok Sabha Speaker accepts resignation of Amarinder Singh". Indianexpress.com. 24 November 2016.
- ^ "Lok Sabha Speaker accepts resignation of Amarinder Singh". Indianexpress.com. 24 November 2016.
- ^ "Rajasthan: BJP MP from Alwar Mahant Chandnath passes away". Hindustan Times. 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
- ^ "Bye-election results: Setback for BJP as Congress scores in Rajasthan; TMC sweeps West Bengal". The Indian Express. 1 February 2018.
- ^ "Former Union minister Sanwarlal Jat passes away at 62". The Indian Express. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
- ^ "Telangana: TRS retains Warangal Lok Sabha seat". The Indian Express. 24 November 2015.
- ^ PTI (5 June 2014). "Narendra Modi vacates Vadodara seat, Mulayam resigns from Mainpuri". Livemint.com.
- ^ "TMC MP Sultan Ahmed passes away after suffering cardiac arrest". The Indian Express. 4 September 2017.
- ^ "West Bengal bypolls: TMC wins Noapara and retains Uluberia Lok Sabha seat". The Indian Express. 1 February 2018.