Insulin lispro

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Lyumjev
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Insulin lispro
PDB: 6NWV​
Clinical data
Trade namesHumalog, Liprolog, Admelog, others
Other namesURLi, LY900014, LY-275585, insulin lispro-aabc
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa697021
License data
Pregnancy
category
Subcutaneous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • CA: ℞-only / Schedule D
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)[2]
  • US: ℞-only
  • EU: Rx-only
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
JSmol)
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Insulin lispro, sold under the brand name Humalog among others, is a

insulin NPH is also needed.[3]

Common side effects include

human insulin by increasing the amount of glucose that tissues take in and decreasing the amount of glucose made by the liver.[3]

Insulin lispro was first approved for use in the United States in 1996.[3][6][7] It is a manufactured analogue of human insulin where two amino acids have swapped positions.[8] In 2021, it was the 55th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 12 million prescriptions.[9][10]

Medical uses

Insulin lispro is used to treat people with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes.[3] People doing well on short-acting insulin should not routinely be changed to insulin lispro, but may benefit from some advantages like flexibility and responsiveness.[3]

Side effects

Common

skin irritation at the site of injection, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, and lipodystrophy.[6] Other serious side effects include anaphylaxis, and hypersensitivity reactions.[6]

Mechanism of action

Through

postprandial injections.[11]

Chemistry

It is a manufactured form of human insulin where the amino acids lysine and proline have been switched at the end of the B chain of the insulin molecule.[8] This switch of amino acids mimics Insulin-like growth factor 1 which also has lysine (K) and proline (P) in that order at positions 28 and 29.[12]

History

Insulin lispro (brand name Humalog) was granted marketing authorization in the European Union in April 1996,[13] and it was approved for use in the United States in June 1996.[7][14]

Insulin lispro (brand name Liprolog) was granted marketing authorization in the European Union in May 1997,[15] and again in August 2001.[16]

Combination drugs combining insulin lispro and other forms of insulin were approved for use in the United States in December 1999.[17][18][19]

Insulin lispro Sanofi was granted marketing authorization as a biosimilar in the European Union in July 2017.[20]

Insulin lispro injection (brand name Admelog) was approved for use in the United States in December 2017.[21][22][23]

In January 2020, the

diabetes mellitus in adults.[24][25] Insulin lispro (Lyumjev) was approved for use in the European Union in March 2020, and in the United States on 18 June 2020 as reported by Medscape.[26]

Society and culture

Economics

In the United States, the price of for a vial of Humalog increased from US$35 in 2001 to $234 in 2015,[27] or $10.06 and $29.36 per 100 units.[28] In April 2019, Eli Lilly and Company announced they would produce a version selling for $137.35 per vial.[27] The chief executive said that this was a contribution "to fix the problem of high out-of-pocket costs for Americans living with chronic conditions", but Patients for Affordable Drugs Now said it was just a public relations move, as "other countries pay $20 for a vial of insulin."[27] In March 2023, Lilly announced a program capping their insulin prices at $35 per month.[29]

References

  1. ^ "Insulin lispro Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 7 October 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  2. ^ "Humalog 100 units/ml, solution for injection in vial - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 30 January 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Insulin Lispro Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  4. ISBN 9780857113382
    .
  5. ^ "Insulin lispro Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  6. ^ a b c "Humalog- insulin lispro injection, solution Humalog Kwikpen- insulin lispro injection, solution Humalog Junior Kwikpen- insulin lispro injection, solution Humalog Tempo Pen- insulin lispro injection, solution". DailyMed. 25 November 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  7. ^ a b "Humalog approval" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 14 June 1996. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  8. ^
    PMID 9677011
    .
  9. ^ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  10. ^ "Insulin Lispro - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  11. PMID 9456992. Archived from the original
    on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 5 September 2007.
  12. ^ Ratledge, C., & Kristiansen, B. (2007). Basic biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Page 513 "insulin lispro, where, in analogy to the naturally occur- ring insulin homologue insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), the order of the amino acid residues B28 and B29 was changed;"
  13. ^ "Humalog EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 11 February 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  14. ^ "Humalog: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  15. ^ "Liprolog EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 1 August 2001. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  16. ^ "Liprolog EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 11 February 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  17. ^ "Drug Approval Package: Humalog Mix (75/25 & 50/50) NDA# 21-017 & 21-018". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 24 December 1999. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  18. ^ "Humalog Mix50/50- insulin lispro injection, suspension Humalog Mix50/50 Kwikpen- insulin lispro injection, suspension". DailyMed. 19 November 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  19. ^ "Humalog Mix75/25- insulin lispro injection, suspension Humalog Mix75/25 Kwikpen- insulin lispro injection, suspension". DailyMed. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  20. ^ "Insulin lispro Sanofi EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 June 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  21. ^ "Drug Approval Package: Admelog (insulin lispro)". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 17 May 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  22. ^ "FDA Approves Sanofi's Admelog (insulin lispro injection) - Dec 11, 2017". Sanofi (Press release). 11 December 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  23. ^ "FDA approves Admelog, the first short-acting "follow-on" insulin product to treat diabetes". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 11 December 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  24. ^ "Lyumjev: Pending EC decision". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 30 January 2020. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  25. ^ "CHMP Recommends Approval of Lilly's New Fast-Acting Mealtime Insulin to Improve Glycemic Control in Adults with Diabetes". Eli Lilly and Company (Press release). 31 January 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  26. ^ "Ljumjev EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 29 January 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
  27. ^ a b c Sullivan, Peter (3 April 2019). "Drug company announces new version of insulin at half the price". The Hill. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  28. ^ Langreth R (29 June 2016). "Decoding Big Pharma's Secret Drug Pricing Practices". Bloomberg. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  29. ^ "Lilly Cuts Insulin Prices by 70% and Caps Patient Insulin Out-of-Pocket Costs at $35 Per Month". Eli Lilly and Company (Press release). 1 March 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
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