Mujaddid

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Not to be confused with
Mujahid
.

Part of a series on
Principles of
Islamic jurisprudence
(Usul al-Fiqh)
Fiqh
Ahkam
Legal vocations and titles

A mujaddid (

tajdid) to the religion.[1][2] According to the popular Muslim tradition, it refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revitalize Islam, cleansing it of extraneous elements and restoring it to its pristine purity. In contemporary times, a mujaddid is looked upon as the greatest Muslim of a century.[3]

The concept is based on a

Abu Hurairah
who mentioned that Muhammad said:

Allah will raise for this community at the end of every 100 years the one who will renovate its religion for it.

— 
Sunan Abu Dawood, Book 37: Kitab al-Malahim [Battles], Hadith Number 4278[5]

Ikhtilaf (disagreements) exist among different hadith viewers. Scholars such as Al-Dhahabi and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani have interpreted that the term mujaddid can also be understood as plural, thus referring to a group of people.[6][7]

Mujaddids can include prominent scholars, pious rulers and military commanders.[2]

List of Sunni claimants and potential mujaddids

Shia and Ahmadiyya[13][page needed][14] have their own list of mujaddids.[2]

First century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)

Second century (August 10, 815)

Third century (August 17, 912)

Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)

Fifth century (September 1, 1106)

Sixth century (September 9, 1203)

Seventh century (September 15, 1300)

Eighth century (September 23, 1397)

Ninth century (October 1, 1494)

Tenth century (October 19, 1591)

Eleventh century (October 26, 1688)

Twelfth century (November 4, 1785)

Thirteenth century (November 14, 1882)

Fourteenth century (November 21, 1979)

Claimants in other traditions

References

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  4. ISBN 978-0878402243
    , Chapter 7, pp. 85–89
  5. Sunan Abu Dawood, 37:4278
  6. ^ Fath al-Baari (13/295)
  7. ^ Taareekh al-Islam (23/180)
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  23. ^ a b c The Legal Thought of Jalāl Al-Din Al-Suyūṭī: Authority and Legacy, Page 133 Rebecca Skreslet Hernandez
  24. ^ "Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth century Hujjat al-Islam". The Pen. February 1, 2011.
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  26. ^ Dhahabi, Siyar, 4.566
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  61. ^ "next mujaddid- Syekh Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki, Benteng Sunni Abad ke-21". Republika (Indonesian newspaper) (in Indonesian). 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2020-06-08.
  62. ^ Jalali. "Correct Understanding of the Mawlid – 1 | TAQWA.sg | Tariqatu-l Arusiyyatu-l Qadiriyyah Worldwide Association (Singapore) - Shari'a, Tariqa, Ma'rifa, and Haqiqa". Archived from the original on 2015-10-01. Retrieved 2020-06-08.
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  68. ^ Mirza Ghulam Ahmad is the founder of the Ahmadiyya sect. The Sunni-Shia mainstream and the majority of Muslims reject the Ahmadiyya sect as it believes in non-law bearing prophethood after Muhammad.
  69. ^ "Ahmadis - Oxford Islamic Studies Online". www.oxfordislamicstudies.com. Archived from the original on July 23, 2010. Retrieved 2018-09-03. Controversial messianic movement founded by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, Punjab (British-controlled India), in 1889. Founder claimed to be a "nonlegislating" prophet (thus not in opposition to the mainstream belief in the finality of Muhammad's "legislative" prophecy) with a divine mandate for the revival and renewal of Islam.

Further reading

  • Alvi, Sajida S. "The Mujaddid and Tajdīd Traditions in the Indian Subcontinent: An Historical Overview" ("Hindistan’da Mucaddid ve Tacdîd geleneği: Tarihî bir bakış"). Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994): 1–15.
  • Friedmann, Yohanan. Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of His Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity. Oxford India Paperbacks
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