Nitrospinota

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Nitrospinota
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
(unranked): Tectomicrobia group
Phylum: Nitrospinota
Lücker et al. 2021[1]
Classes[2]
Synonyms
  • "Nitrospinota" Park et al. 2020
  • "Nitrospinae" Lücker et al. 2013

Nitrospinota is a bacterial phylum. Despite only few described species, members of this phylum are major nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in surface waters in oceans. By oxidation of nitrite to nitrate they are important in the process of nitrification in marine environments.[3]

Although genus Nitrospina is aerobic bacterium, it was shown to oxidize nitrite also in oxygen minimum zone of the ocean. Depletion of oxygen in such zones leads to preference of anaerobic processes such as denitrification and nitrogen loss through anammox. Nitrospina thus outweigh nitrogen loss by nitrification also in these oxygen depleted zones.[4][5]

Among the cultivated isolates within the genus Nitrospina are Nitrospina gracilis[6][3] and Nitrospina watsonii.[7] Further genomes were resolved by culture-independent metagenome binning.[5] The two Nitrospina species are, however, distantly related to environmentally abundant uncultured Nitrospinota.[8] The two other strains were cultivated in 2020 each in the binary culture with alphaproteobacterial heterotroph. They are called "Candidatus Nitrohelix vancouverensis" and "Candidatus Nitronauta litoralis". "Nitrohelix vancouverensis" is closely related to uncultivated environmentally abundant Nitrospinota clades 1 and 2.[8]

Taxonomy

Phylogeny of Nitrospinota[9][10][11]
Nitrospinaceae

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [12] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[13]

Phylum Nitrospinota Lücker et al. 2021

  • Class "Nitrospinia" Lücker et al. 2013

References

  1. S2CID 239887308
    .
  2. ^ "Nitrospinae". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
  3. ^
    PMID 23439773
    .
  4. PMID 23804152
    .
  5. ^
    PMID 31118472
    .
  6. S2CID 35169111
    .
  7. PMID 24581679
    .
  8. ^
    PMID 33067588
    .
  9. ^ "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  10. ^ "ar53_r207.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  11. ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  12. ^ J.P. Euzéby. ""Nitrospinae"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2020-11-17.
  13. ^ .Sayers; et al. "Nitrospinae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2020-11-17.
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