Jaramogi Oginga Odinga

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Jaramogi Oginga Odinga
Vice-President of Kenya
In office
12 December 1964 – 14 April 1966
PresidentJomo Kenyatta
Preceded byOffice Established
Succeeded byJoseph Murumbi
Personal details
Born
Obadiah Adonijah

October 1911 (1911-10)
Bondo, British East Africa
Died20 January 1994(1994-01-20) (aged 82)
Kisumu, Kenya
Political party
List
Spouse(s)Mary Juma (d. 1984)
Gaudencia Adeya
Susan Agik
Betty Adongo
Children17 (including Oburu and Raila)[2]
Alma materMakerere University
OccupationPolitician
ProfessionTeacher

Jaramogi Ajuma Oginga Odinga (October 1911

vice-president, and thereafter as opposition leader. Odinga's son Raila Odinga is a former prime minister,[4] and another son, Oburu Odinga
, is a former assistant minister in the Ministry of Finance.

Jaramogi is credited for the phrase "Not Yet Uhuru" which is the title of his autobiography published in 1967. "Uhuru" means freedom in Swahili and he was referencing his belief that even after independence from British colonialism, the brutal oppression of opposition in political affairs in Kenya, meant that the country had still not attained real freedom. For example, Jaramogi's son Raila Odinga also spent eight years in detention, although he later served as prime minister.

Early years and career

Oginga Odinga was born in the village of Nyamira Kang'o,

Maseno High School as a teacher. In 1948 he joined the political party Kenya African Union
(KAU).

Spurred to empower his

Luo people
in the whole of East Africa. His efforts earned him admiration and recognition among the Luo, who revered him as Ker – a title previously held by the fabled classical Luo king, Ramogi Ajwang, who reigned 400 years before him. Vowing to uphold the ideals of Ramogi Ajwang, Odinga became known as Jaramogi (man of the people of Ramogi).

Vice presidency

According to Luo tradition, a Ker cannot be a politician, so Odinga relinquished his position as king in 1957 and became the political spokesman of the Luo. The same year, he

Vice-President
.

As Vice-President he did not agree with

Western bloc.[7] This led to Odinga resigning from his post and quitting KANU in 1966 to form the Kenya People's Union
(KPU).

In opposition

The friction between Odinga and Kenyatta continued, and in 1969 Odinga was arrested after the two verbally abused each other publicly at a chaotic function in Kisumu – and where at least 11 people were killed and dozens were injured in riots. That was when Jomo as the President of Kenya was to open New Nyanza General Hospital (Russia Hospital), in October 1969 which was seen as Odinga's project due to his Russian connection. Due to the incident KPU was banned making Kenya a de facto party state under KANU. He was detained along with other KPU members for eighteen months until the Government made decision to free him on 27 March 1971.[8] He consigned to political limbo until after Kenyatta's death in August 1978. In the Uganda–Tanzania War (1978–1979), Odinga reportedly supported anti-Idi Amin rebels, sheltering a number of them at his farm in Bondo District during the preparation phase for the Battle of Tororo.[9]

Kenyatta's successor, Daniel arap Moi, appointed Odinga as chairman of the Cotton Lint and Seed Marketing Board. He did not last long in the post, presumably due to past grudges he was still outspoken against Kenyatta's policies. Odinga accused Jomo as a land grabber and that was why they had differed. Odinga attempted to register a political party in 1982, but The Constitution of Kenya (Amendment) Act, 1982 (which made Kenya a de jure single-party state), foiled his plans.

Following the

Forum for the Restoration of Democracy
(FORD). The formation of FORD triggered a chain of events that were to change Kenya's political landscape, culminating in 2002 ending KANU's 40 years in power – eight years after Odinga's death.

From left to right Achieng Oneko, Jomo Kenyatta, Makhan Singh and Oginga Odinga in 1961

FORD split before the

Ford-Kenya ticket, but finished fourth with a share of 17.5% votes. However, he regained the Bondo Constituency seat after being forced out of parliamentary politics for over two decades. Odinga died in 1994 in Aga Khan Hospital, Kisumu. He is buried at the Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Mausoleum in his Bondo
home.

Private life

Odinga was

polygamous and had four wives: Mary Juma, Gaudencia Adeya, Susan Agik, and Betty Adongo. With these wives, he had seventeen children. Mary was the mother of Raila and Oburu.[11] Mary died in 1984.[12]

Global policy

He was one of the signatories of the agreement to convene a convention for drafting a

Constitution for the Federation of Earth.[15]

See also

  • Luo people of Kenya and Tanzania

References
  1. ^ "Oginga Odinga". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
  2. ^ Wenwa Akinyi Odinga Oranga (25 July 2007). "THE ODINGA FAMILY LINE". Jaluo.com. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
  3. ^ Présence Africaine (in French). 1970.
  4. ^ Vogt, Heidi (28 February 2008). "Kibaki, Odinga have a long history". USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved 21 September 2023.
  5. ISBN 978-3-643-90661-8
    .
  6. ^ "kakamega Old Boys". Maseno School. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  7. ^ Maxon, R.M. & Ofcansky, T.P. (2000). Historical Dictionary of Kenya. Scarecrow Press.
  8. ^ Milutin Tomanović, ed. (1972). Hronika međunarodnih događaja 1971 [The Chronicle of International Events in 1971] (in Serbo-Croatian). Belgrade: Institute of International Politics and Economics. p. 2625.
  9. ^ "Odinga's little secrets in anti-Amin wars". Daily Monitor. Nation Africa. 11 September 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
  10. ^ "Kenya's Way of Honoring Its Leaders". 31 March 1991. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ^ Jaluo.com, 25 powerful 2007: THE ODINGA FAMILY LINE
  12. ^ Newsweek Web Exclusive, 22 January 2008: The Man Who Would Be President
  13. ^ "Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
  14. ^ "Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  15. ^ "Preparing earth constitution | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Encyclopedia of World Problems". The Encyclopedia of World Problems | Union of International Associations (UIA). Retrieved 15 July 2023.

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
New office
Vice-President of Kenya

1963–1966 		Succeeded by
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