Osteon
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|
| Osteon | |
|---|---|
 Diagram of compact bone from a transverse section of a long bone's cortex. | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | Osteon |
| MeSH | D006253 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
In
Structure
Each osteon consists of concentric layers, or lamellae, of
Each haversian canal is surrounded by varying number (5-20) of concentrically arranged lamellae of bone matrix. Near the surface of the compact bone, the lamellae are arranged parallel to the surface; these are called circumferential lamellae. Some of the
Osteons are connected to each other and the periosteum by oblique channels called Volkmann's canals or perforating canals.
Drifting osteons
Drifting osteons are a phenomenon that is not fully understood. A "drifting osteon" is classified as one that runs both longitudinally as well as transversely through the cortex. An osteon can "drift" in one direction or change directions several times, leaving a tail of lamella behind the advancing haversian canal.[4]
Investigative applications
In bioarchaeological research and in forensic investigations, osteons in a bone fragment can be used to determine the sex of an individual[5] and age, as well as aspects of taxonomy, diet, health and motor history.[6]
Osteons and their arrangement vary according to taxon, so that genus and sometimes species can be differentiated using a bone fragment not otherwise identifiable. However, there is considerable variability among the different bones of a skeleton, and features of some faunal osteons overlap with those of human osteons; therefore, examination of osteons is not of primary use in the analyses of osteological remains.[7] More research is needed, but osteohistology has the potential to positively affect the studies in bioarchaeology, paleontology and forensic investigations.
In recent decades, osteohistological studies of dinosaur fossils have been used to address a number of issues, such as the periodicity of growth of dinosaurs and whether it was uniform across species[8] and the question of whether dinosaurs were warm-blooded or not.[9]
See also
- Haversian canals
- Cortical bone(compact bone)
- Cancellous bone(spongy bone)
References
- ^ ISBN 978-1-60406-292-2.
- ISBN 978-0-7216-0075-8.
- ^ "Osteon," Encyclopædia Britannica Online (2009); retrieved 23 June 2009.
- S2CID 11335682.
- PMID 18522730.
- PMID 16685724.
- ^ Martiniaková, Monika. 2006. Differences in Bone Microstructure of Mammalian Skeletons. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra: Nitra, Slovakia
- .
- S2CID 128981835.
Bibliography
- Cooper, Reginald R.; Milgram, James W.; Robinson, Robert A. (1966). "Morphology of the Osteon: An Electron Microscopic Study". Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 48 (7): 1239–1271. PMID 5921783.
- ISBN 0-914168-88-6
External links
- SLIBS Bone Website: http://www.trinity.edu/stonily/bone/intro2.htm Archived 2015-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
- Bone [dead link] - BioWeb at University of Wisconsin System
- Histology of osteons
- "Video explaining osteons". Archived from the original on 2021-12-12 – via YouTube.