Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli

Coordinates: 12°52′03.6″N 76°38′00.8″E / 12.867667°N 76.633556°E / 12.867667; 76.633556
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Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
Religion
AffiliationJainism
DeityAdinatha
FestivalsMahavir Janma Kalyanak
Location
LocationKambadahalli, Mandya, Karnataka
Geographic coordinates12°52′03.6″N 76°38′00.8″E / 12.867667°N 76.633556°E / 12.867667; 76.633556
Architecture
Date established8th-10th century AD

Panchakuta Basadi (or Panchakoota

Western Ganga variety, related to the Jain faith and iconography.[1][2]

History

According to the historian K.R. Srinivasan, the temple complex, which was built by the kings of the Western Ganga Dynasty is assignable to the period 900–1000 CE. The historian

Hoysala Empire.[5] The monument is protected by the Archaeological Survey of India as a "national monument". Srinivasan describes it as a "landmark in South India architecture".[2][3][6]

Architecture

Mandya District
An open mantapa, Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli, Mandya District
A closed mantapa with ornate Ganga style pillars at Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli, Mandya District

The temple was built in two phases. In the first phase, three shrines were constructed (trikutachala, three shrines each with a superstructure). The central shrine faces north, one shrine faces west and the other face east. The central shrine has a square superstructure (

mantapa) which open to a large common open hall called the mahamantapa or navaranga, whose ceiling is supported by four ornate central pillars. At the entrance to the shrines (bilpitha) are the guardians to the "eight directions"(ashtadikpalaka; ashta - "eight", dik - "directions", palaka - "keeper") with their consorts and vehicles (vahana)[2][5]

The entire complex is oriented towards the impressive Brahmadeva pillar and faces north. The main central shrine houses the image of

Yakshis (their female counterparts) of the Western Ganga and Hoysala periods.[2][5]

According to the art critic and historian S. Settar, generally, Brahmadeva pillars found in front of ancient Jain temples do not house sculptures of the Brahma Yaksha or the god Brahma, rather they find their origins in the Manasthambha (sthambha lit, "pillar") and have images of the Sarvanubhuti Yaksha. The base of this pillar is square and exhibits looped garland decorations, and at the top supports a two handed seated image of east facing Siddhayika.[4][8] The overall composition of the temple, according to Sarma, is one of "clarity in structure and function" without any emphasis on over decoration.[3]

Gallery

  • Mantapa (hall), Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
    Mantapa (hall), Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
  • A typical Dravidian style shrine at Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
    A typical Dravidian style shrine at Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
  • Excavated Jain sculptures from the 9th-10th century at Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
    Excavated Jain sculptures from the 9th-10th century at Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
  • Bas-relief depicting horse men at Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
    Bas-relief depicting horse men at Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
  • Ceiling sculpture, Panchakuta
    Ceiling sculpture, Panchakuta
  • Tirthankar sculpture on the ceiling, Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
    Tirthankar sculpture on the ceiling, Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
  • A sanctum in the Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli with image of the tirthankar Adinatha
    A sanctum in the Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli with image of the tirthankar Adinatha

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Panchakuta Basadi.

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Sarma (1992), p. 152
  2. ^ a b c d Archaeological Survey of India, Bangalore circle, Mandya district
  3. ^ a b c d Sarma (1992), p. 161
  4. ^ a b Sarma (1992), p. 167
  5. ^ a b c Khajane, Muralidhara (3 February 2006). "An ancient site connected with Jainism". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 21 August 2008. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
  6. ^ "Alphabetical List of Monuments - Karnataka -Bangalore, Bangalore Circle, Karnataka". Archaeological Survey of India, Government of India. Indira Gandhi National Center for the Arts. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
  7. ^ Sarma (1992), p. 166
  8. ^ Settar in Shah (1987), p. 19

References

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