Jainism in Karnataka
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History
Historical association of Jainism with
Chandragupta Maurya continued to live on this hill worshipping the foot prints of his teacher and later he too took Sallekhana. There are two monuments on the hill recalling this event, a rock cut cave called Bhadrabahu cave and a structural shrine called the Chandragupta Basadi.[4]
Architecture and monuments
There are a number of monuments relating to the Jain religion in Karnataka. The Jain monuments include smaller shrines, Jain temples (known as Bastis or Basadis), Gommata statues and Sthambas (pillars). Moodabidri is home to the
The most prominent among them are as follows:[7]
Basadis (Bastis)
- Shravanabelagola
- Chamundaraya Basadi, Parshvanatha basadi
- Odegal Basadi
- Town: Akkana Basadi, Bhandara Basadi
- Moodabidri- Also known as "Jain Kashi"
- Saavira Kambada Basadi - The 1000 pillar Jain temple
- Guru Basadi
- There are 18 other Basadis in and around Moodabidiri.
- Halebidu
- Basadi complex, Halebidu- 3 Basadis
- Karkala and Gerusoppa
- Chaturmukha Basadi
- Belgaum
- Lakshmeshwara
- Shanka Basadi
- Varanga
- Shantinatha Basadi, Jinanathapura
- Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
- Chaturmukha Basadi, Gerusoppa
- Chandranatha Basadi, Hadavalli
- Parshvanatha Basadi, Gundwad
Statues of Gommata
Shravanabelagola has the world famous monolithic statue, Gommateshwara statue. Similar Monolithic statues of Lord Bahubali can be also seen in Venur, Dharmasthala, Karkala and Mysore.
There are five monolithic statues of Bahubali in Karnataka measuring more than 20 feet in height.[citation needed]
- 57 feet at Hassan Districtin 981 CE
- 42 feet at Udupi Districtin 1432 CE
- 39 feet at Dharmasthala in Dakshina Kannada District in 1973 CE
- 35 feet at Venur in Dakshina Kannada District in 1604 CE
- 20 feet at Mysore Districtin 12th Century CE
In all of the above-mentioned places, the holy festival of Mahamastakabhisheka is held once every 12 years when the statue of Bahubali is worshiped and bathed in holy water, milk, turmeric, and other natural herbs that have their own significant importance.[8][9]
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Gommateshwara statue at Shravanabelagola, 978-993 AD
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Gommateshwara statue, Karkala (1432 CE)
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Bahubali monolith of Dharmasthala (1973 CE)
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Bahubali monolith of Venur (1604 CE)
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Bahubali status at Gommatagiri (12th Century CE)
Jainism in North Karnataka
Jainism in North Karnataka flourished under the
The earliest dated structure is a
The
Navagraha Jain Temple at Varur near Hubli is one of the major pilgrimage. The temple features a 61 feet (18.6 m) tall monolithic idol of the Shri 1008 Bhagavan Parshvanatha and the smaller statues of the other 8 Jain teerthankaras.[15]
Religious organisations
The
List of famous temples
- Cave temples
- Main temples
- Shravanabelagola, a monumental statue of Saint Gomateshwar(Bahubali) in Hassan district.
- Karkala, 1. Hiriyangadi Basadi 2. Chathurmukha Basadi 3. Padmavathi Kere Basadi. The famous monolithic 42 feet (13 m) Gommateshwara statue, the second tallest in Karnataka is also here.
- Dharmasthala, a 39 feet (12 m) Gomateshwara idol.
- Venur, a 35 feet (11 m) Gomateshwara idol.
- Gommatagiri, a 20 feet (6.1 m) Gomateshwara idol.
- Moodabidri, 18 ancient Jain temple including Saavira Kambada Basadi the Thousand Pillars Temple and Guru Basadi
- Brahma Jinalaya in Lakkundi
- Humcha Jain temples
- Navagraha Jain Temple in Hubli
- Sankighatta
- Jain Narayana temple, Pattadakal
- Kundadri : It is said this is Samadhi sthal of Acharya Kundakunda
- Chaturmukha Basadi in Karkala
- Akkana Basadi
- Odegal basadi
- Parshvanatha basadi
- Basadi complex, Halebidu: 1. Parshvanatha Basadi 2. Shantinatha Basadi 3. Adinatha Basadi
- Kere basadiis located in midst of a lake. There are many other basadis too.
- Aihole Jain complex - Meguti Jain temple, Charanthimatha Group of temples, Yoginarayana group and Jain cave temple
- Kanakagiri Jain tirth
- Shanka Basadi & Ananthanatha basadi at Lakshmeshwara
- Chandragupta basadi
- Basadi complex in Shravanabelagola
- Shantinatha Basadi, Jinanathapura
- Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli
- Hadavalli Jain Temple
- Chavundaraya Basadi
- Narasimharajapura
- Kamal Basadi & Chikki Basadi at Belgaum Fort
- Chaturmukha Basadi, Gerusoppa
- Mandaragiri
- Manyakheta
- Aagam Mandir, Tumkur
- Kamthana Jain temple
- Shri 1008 Adinath Digamber Jin Mandir, Jayanagar, Bangalore
- Shri Mahavira Digambara Jain temple, Chickpet
- Kalya (Kalyana pura)
- Gundwad Jain Basadi
- Kathale Basadi, Barkur
- Sri Parshwanath Swamy Basadi
- Shri Parshwa Sushil Dham, Attibele
- Jain temple inside Hangal Fort, Hubli
- Hampi Jain complex
- Padmabbarasi basadi, Naregal
- Shantinatha Basadi, Kalaghatagi
- Godageri
- Sargur
- Shri Parshwa Sushil Dham
- Shri 1008 Bhagwan Neminath Digambar Jain Basadi.,Terdal
- Shri khetra Badragiri,Halingali
Notable Karnataka Jains
- Rani Chennabhairadevi
- Kumudendu Muni - Author of Siribhoovalaya, a unique multi-lingual literary work.
- Shivakotiacharya
- Chavundaraya- Poet
- Hampa Nagarajaiah
- Justice T. K. Tukol
- Mukhyamantri Chandru
- Professor Padmanabh S Jaini
- Veerendra Heggade
- Abhayachandra Jain
- Shubhachandra - Retd. Jainology Professor, Mysore University
- Bhavya
- Rani Abbakka
- Durvinita - king
- Amogavarsha - emperor, Pampa, Ranna, Ajitprasad,
- Dr.Priti Shrimandhar Kumar - Retired Professor(Mysore University), Previous Director- Kuvempu Institute of Kannada Studies.
Justice R.S.Mahendra
Photo gallery
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Meguti Jain temple, Aihole
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Shanka Basadi, 8th century
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Odegal Basadi, Vindhyagiri Hill
See also
- History of Jainism
- Timeline of Jainism
- Jainism in North Karnataka
- History of Karnataka
- Kalya Inscriptions
External links
References
Citation
- ^ a b Sangave 2001a, p. 115.
- ISBN 9788120833234.
- ^ "A place soaked in religion". Archived from the original on 12 October 2006. Retrieved 23 November 2006.
- ^ "Karnataka's hotbed of Jain religion". Archived from the original on 18 June 2006. Retrieved 25 November 2006.
- ^ Ramnarayan, Gowri (24 April 2005). "Moodbidri — woods of yore". The Hindu. Chennai. Archived from the original on 26 April 2005. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- ^ a b Ram Bhushan Prasad Singh 2008, p. 83.
- ^ Documentation Update: October 2004 to March 2005, EQUATIONS, p. 29
- ISBN 9788171821853
- ISBN 9788124110638
- ^ "The Jain Legacy In Karnataka". Retrieved 20 August 2008.
- ISBN 9789352068258
- ^ Sangave 2001b, p. 174.
- ^ Abram 2003, p. 285.
- ^ Hartmann & Ray 2020, p. 2360.
- ^ Hubli gets magnificent ‘jinalaya’. The Hindu, 6 January 2009.
- ISBN 9788179911006. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
- ISBN 9780521365055. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
- ISBN 9781405171090. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
Sources
- Abram, David (2003), South India, Rough Guides, ISBN 9781843531036
- Hartmann, Jens-Uwe; Ray, Himanshu Prabha (2020), Power, Presence and Space South Asian Rituals in Archaeological Context, Archaeology and Religion in South Asia, vol. 5, ISBN 9781000168808
- Sangave, Vilas Adinath (2001a), Aspects of Jaina religion (3rd ed.), ISBN 978-8126307203
- Sangave, Vilas Adinath (2001b), Facets of Jainology: Selected Research Papers on Jain Society, Religion, and Culture, Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-8171548392
- Singh, Ram Bhushan Prasad (2008) [1975], Jainism in Early Medieval Karnataka, ISBN 978-81-208-3323-4