Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease

Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases is one of the seven categories of

• Diabetes mellitus
  • Recent evidence suggests that, similar to diabetes mellitus, individuals with impaired fasting glucose have higher degree of periodontal inflammation.^[6]
• Associated with
  hematologic disorders
  :
  • Acquired neutropenia
  • Leukemia

For those patients with periodontitis as a manifestation of hematologic disorders, coordination with the patient's physician is instrumental in planning periodontal treatment. Therapy should be avoided during periods of exacerbation of the malignancy or during active phases of chemotherapy, and antimicrobial therapy might be considered when urgent treatment must be performed when granulocyte counts are low.^[7]

• Associated with genetic disorders
  • Familial and cyclic neutropenia
  • Down syndrome
  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency disorder
  • Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome
  • Chédiak–Higashi syndrome
  • Langerhans cell disease (histiocytosis syndromes)
  • Glycogen storage disease
  • Chronic granulomatous disease
  • Infantile genetic agranulocytosis
  • Cohen syndrome
  • Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (Types IV and VIII)
  • Hypophosphatasia
  • Crohn's disease (inflammatory bowel disease)
  • Marfan syndrome
  • Klinefelter syndrome

References