Phoenix National and Literary Society
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The Phoenix National and Literary Society (or Phoenix Society) was an 1856–1859
O'Donovan describes the origin of the society's name in his memoirs:[2]
- I remember the night we met to give it a name. Some proposed that it be called the Emmet Monument Association, others proposed other names. I proposed that it be called the Phoenix National and Literary Society — the word Phoenix signifying that the Irish cause was again to rise from the ashes of our martyred nationality. My resolution was carried, and that is how the word Phoenix comes into Irish national history.
(An "Emmet Monument Association", named after Robert Emmet, had been formed in New York in February 1855.[3])
Originally the Phoenix Society met overtly, with elements of a
There was a wave of concern in late 1858 about alleged "Phoenix Societies", encompassing not only that centred on Skibbereen, but also unnamed proto-IRB groups established elsewhere by Stephens.
Sources
- Fleming, N. C.; O'Day, Alan (30 November 2017). Ireland and Anglo-Irish Relations since 1800: Critical Essays: Volume I: Union to the Land War. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-15531-1.
- Kennedy, Padraic (September 2010). ""The Indispensable Informer": Daniel O'Sullivan Goula and the Phoenix Society, 1858–59". Éire-Ireland. 45 (3–4): 147–183. Project MUSE 444354.
- O'Donovan Rossa, Jeremiah (1898). Rossa's Recollections, 1838 to 1898. Mariner's Harbor, New York: O'Donovan Rossa.
- O'Leary, John (1896). Recollections of Fenians and Fenianism. Vol. I. London: Downey & Company.
- Steward, Patrick; McGovern, Bryan P. (17 July 2013). The Fenians: Irish Rebellion in the North Atlantic World, 1858–1876. Univ. of Tennessee Press. ISBN 978-1-57233-979-8.
- Sullivan, Alexander Martin (1862). The Phœnix Societies in Ireland and America, 1858 and 1862. Dublin: Alexander Martin Sullivan.
References
- ^ a b c Fleming & O'Day 2017 p. xlviii
- ^ O'Donovan Rossa 1898 p. 149
- ^ Fleming & O'Day 2017 p. xlvii
- ^ O'Donovan Rossa 1898 p. 179
- ^ a b O'Donovan Rossa 1898 pp. 186–187
- ^ Steward & McGovern 2013 pp. 19–20
- ^ O'Leary 1896 p. 84
- ^ a b O'Donovan Rossa 1898 pp. 208–209, 219
- . Retrieved 2 March 2024.
- ^ O'Donovan Rossa 1898 pp. 226–229
- ^ O'Leary 1896 p. 105
- ^ O'Leary 1896 p. 195
Further reading
- Ó Broin, León (1980). "The Phoenix Conspiracy [pt. 1]". Irish Sword. 14 (54): 25–46.
- Ó Broin, León (1980). "The Phoenix Conspiracy [pt. 2]". Irish Sword. 14 (55): 157–171.
- Ó Lúing, Seán (1969). "The Phoenix Society in Kerry, 1858–59". Journal of the Kerry Archaeological and Historical Society. 2: 5–26.