Saba (surah)
Quran |
---|
Saba’ (
Day of Judgment
.
Regarding the timing and contextual background of the
asbāb al-nuzūl "circumstances of revelation", it is an earlier Meccan surah, which means it was revealed in Mecca instead of later in Medina
.
Summary
The chapter begins with the phrase
Verses 15–19 contain a story about the eponymous people of
triliteral root ʿ-r-m that appeared in the inscriptions to refer to the dam system.[7]
The rest of the chapter discusses various topics, including the nature of Iblis (the Devil in the Islamic tradition), challenges to those who reject the message of Islam, warnings of the consequences which will come to them in the Day of Judgement, as well as the nature of Muhammad's mission.[2]
Ayat (verses)
- 1-2 Praise to the All-wise and Sovereign God
- 3 Unbelievers shall not escape the Judgement Day
- 4-5 The reward of believers and the punishment of infidels sure
- 6 Certain Jews accept the Quran as the word of God
- 7 The Quraish scoff at the doctrine of the resurrection
- 8 Muhammad accused of being a forger of the Quran and a madman
- 8-9 Divine judgments threatened against the unbelievers
- 10-11 David received blessing and knowledge from God
- 12 Solomon received dominion over the winds and the genii
- 13 The palaces, statues of Solomon etc constructed by genii
- 14 Solomon’s death concealed from the genii
- 15-16 The people of Sabá rebel against God and are punished
- 19 They are dispersed on account of covetousness
- 20 All but a few believers follow Iblís
- 21 The idolaters worship imaginary deities
- 22 Only those who are permitted shall intercede on the Judgment Day
- 23-26 The bountiful God will judge between true believers and the infidels
- 27 Muhammad sent to man as a warning
- 28-29 The infidels will feel God’s threatened punishment in the Judgment Day
- 30-32 Mutual enmity of the idolaters and their leaders on the day of judgment
- 33 God’s prophets have always been opposed by the affluent
- 34-35 The Makkans boast in their riches in vain
- 36 The righteous only shall be saved
- 37 Muhammad’s adversaries shall be punished
- 38 The Lord will reward the almsgivers
- 39-40 The angels shall repudiate their worshippers
- 41 Idolaters shall be unable to help one another in the judgment
- 42 The unbelievers call Muhammad a forger of the Quran and blasphemer
- 43-44 Rejecting their Prophet as did those before them, the Makkans shall receive like punishment
- 45-49 Muhammad protests the truth of his claims
- 50-54 Unbelievers shall repent when too late to avail [9]
Revelation history
The chapter was revealed during the
Meccan sura. Some commentators of the Quran, including Ahmad ibn Ajiba, Mahmud al-Alusi, Ibn al-Jawzi, and Al-Qurtubi opined that the sixth verse was an exception and was revealed in the Medinan period.[2]
Name
The name of the chapter refers to Sheba, a kingdom mentioned in the Quran and the Bible. Sheba is the subject of verses 15 to 21 of the chapter, although this passage likely does not refer to the kingdom under the famous
References
- Works related to The Holy Qur'an (Maulana Muhammad Ali)/34. The Saba at Wikisource
Citations
- ^ The Study Quran, p. 1043, v. 1 commentary.
- ^ a b c d e f g h The Study Quran, p. 1042.
- ^ The Study Quran, pp. 1043–1044, vv. 5–9 commentary.
- ^ The Study Quran, pp. 1044–1045, v. 9 commentary.
- ^ a b c Schiettecatte 2016.
- ^ Beeston 1995, p. 663.
- ^ a b c The Study Quran, pp. 1045–1046, vv. 15–17 commentary.
- ^ a b c d Beeston 1995, p. 665.
- Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ The Study Quran, p. 1046, v. 15 commentary.
Bibliography
- Seyyed Hossein Nasr; Caner K. Dagli; Maria Massi Dakake; Joseph E.B. Lumbard; Mohammed Rustom, eds. (2015). The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary. ISBN 978-0-06-112586-7.
- ISBN 90-04-09834-8.
- Schiettecatte, Jérémie (2016). "Sabeans" (PDF). The Encyclopedia of Ancient History. John Wiley & Sons. p. 1. ISBN 9781405179355.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saba (surah).