Samoan Americans

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about Samoans in the United States. For American Samoans, see Demographics of American Samoa.
Samoan Americans
Tagata Samoa i le Iunaite Sitete
Total population
121,585 alone, 0.04% of U.S. population
243,682 including partial ancestry, 0.06%
(2021 Census estimates)
Regions with significant populations
Mormonism) and various non denomational Christian churches
Related ethnic groups
Other Polynesians
Tongan Americans

Samoan Americans are

United States Census, and are the second largest Pacific Islander group in the U.S., after Native Hawaiians
.

US armed forces
, fishermen and later worked as agricultural laborers and factory workers.

As per 2021

Washington
.

History

Laie, Hawaii
, home to one of the highest proportions of Samoan American residents.

Migration from Samoan Islands to the United States began in the 19th century. A small group of Samoans were part of the first Mormon

Hawaiian natives, Tahitians, and Maori people.[3]

American Samoa officially became a U.S. territory in 1900 with the Treaty of Cession of Tutuila and in 1904 with the Treaty of Cession of Manu'a.[4]

In the 1920s a small group of Mormons from American Samoa emigrated to the modern United States. They were brought by American Mormons to

Second World War. In the second half of the 1940s about 300 mostly military families of American Samoans emigrated to the United States specifically to Hawaii.[7]

In 1951, nearly 1,000 American Samoans linked with the army (i.e. military personnel and their relatives

U.S. Department of the Interior[5]) so that the Marines could continue working for the Navy. However, many of them later migrated to California (in 1952).[9][8]

In 1952 the natives of American Samoa become U.S. nationals, although not American citizens, through the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.[10] This encouraged Samoan emigration to the United States and during the rest of the decade nearly four thousand Samoans migrated to the U.S., mostly to California[11] and Hawaii. Many more Samoans migrated to the United States in the 1960s, surpassing those who emigrated in the previous decade. In fact, the largest Samoan migration to the U.S. occurred at this time (mainly at the beginning of the decade).[12][8] After 1965 increased migration from Samoa republic.[6] At this time, many Samoans serving in the US military emigrated to be stationed in Hawaii.[7] In the 1970s over 7,540 Western Samoans emigrated to the United States, although the number of people from American Samoa who emigrated to the U.S. is unknown.[13]

In 1972, the number of American Samoans living in the United States exceeded the Samoan population in American Samoa, and California took the place of Tutuila as the main Samoan-populated region.[14] In 1980 over 22,000 Samoa-born lived in the U.S., mostly of Western Samoa (more than 13,200), while 9,300 were from American Samoa.[13]

Demographics

According to 2021

U.S. Census Bureau estimates, there were 243,682 Samoan people in the United States stateside population, including those who have partial Samoan ancestry.[15]
The Samoan American community consists in Americans of both American Samoan and Western Samoan descent.

California

63,000 people of Samoan origin reside in

U.S. Census Bureau.[17]

Southern California

San Bernardino
(400), at least 0.2% of the city’s populations.

Northern California

Much of San Francisco’s Samoan community is tight-knit live amongst the city’s African American community. The

Balboa High School
is about 3% Pacific Islander during the 2010s and 2020s and middle and elementary schools, such as Charles Drew Elementary in southeast San Francisco, are rife in Samoans and in general Pacific Islanders; that school of roughly 200 students is 15-25% Pacific Islander, and a similar volume of Islanders go to school at KIPP Bayview and Martin Luther King, Jr. Middle School.

In Daly City, Samoan restaurants and businesses are located off Geneva Avenue. In 1972, the First Samoan Congregational Church of San Jose was founded by Rev. Felix T. and Molly T. Ava Molifua, affiliated with Northern California UCC.[19] San Jose has over 3,000 Samoans in residence (0.3%).

Another

South San Francisco and San Mateo
proper, although it is more Tongan-populated within its Polynesian community.

In the

Sacramento, and Stockton
. The city of Sacramento has over 1,800 to 2,200 Samoans, about 0.4% of its population.

In

Seaside (0.4%-0.9%).[18]

Other Western U.S.

Oregon and Washington

The

Rainier Valley have had sizeable Samoan communities since the 1960s and 1970s. Nearly 6,000 people of their descendants reside in Pierce County, Washington, making up 0.7% of the county's population.[26] Tacoma is home to 1,800 Samoans, making up nearly one percent of the city's population.[17]

The Dalles, Oregon has a Samoan community of nearly 200 Samoan people, making up 1.3% of the city's population.[17] Portland, Oregon also has some Samoans, about 500, and Gresham has about the same with of a much smaller population of a city in general, therefore making half a percent of its population.

Utah and other western U.S.

Utah County, specifically Provo, which is at least 0.3% Samoan.[17]

There is a Samoan community in Colorado Springs, Colorado of 430 people (0.1%), and Lawton, Oklahoma (0.3%), in which Comanche County, Oklahoma is at least 0.6% Pacific Islander (2010), mainly Samoan.

Las Vegas, Nevada is home to over 1,500 Samoans, 0.2% of the city's population.[17]

Alaska and Hawaii

Outside the mainland U.S., many Samoan Americans have settled in

Laie has 1,380 Samoan Americans, about 21% of the town, one of the highest concentration of Samoan Americas of any town or city in the U.S.[17]

Two percent of people in the city of Anchorage, Alaska are of Samoan descent, with nearly 6,000 living in the city. Alaska has a relatively high proportion of them, comprising about 0.8% of the state's population.[26][17]

In recent years, the Samoan population has rapidly increased in Alaska.

Barrow, Alaska and Whittier, Alaska
both are rife in Samoan residents and Samoan churches have become commonly attended in rural Alaska as well.

Midwest and South

In the

Independence, Missouri, where around 1,000 Samoan people reside (0.9% of the city). In nearby Kansas City, Missouri there lives 340 Samoans, which is 0.1% of the city's population.[17]

In the Eastern United States and Southeastern United States, Samoan communities exist in Fayetteville, North Carolina and Clarksville, Tennessee.[29] There are 365 Samoan-origin people in Prince William County, Virginia, and a Samoan church in Alexandria.[30]

There is a community of Samoans in Liberty County, Georgia.

In

Killeen
(0.3%).

Military

Significant numbers of Samoan Americans serve in the

U.S. Military. American Samoa has the highest rate of military enlistment of any state or territory.[31]

Sports

American football is the most popular sport in American Samoa. Per capita, the Samoan Islands have produced the highest number of National Football League players. In 2010, it was estimated that a boy born to Samoan parents is 56 times more likely to get into the NFL than any other boy in America.[32]

Notable people

Lists of Americans
By US state
By ethnicity or nationality
U.S. Representative for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district
. She is one-quarter Samoan.
Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson
, actor and wrestler. He is half Samoan.

Entertainment

Music

Politics, law and government

Sports

American football

Other

See also

References

  1. ^ "NATIVE HAWAIIAN AND OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER ALONE BY SELECTED GROUPS".
  2. ^ "Honolulu Mayor honors National Samoan Language Week". Samoa News. 2012-06-05. Retrieved 2012-06-07.
  3. ISBN 9780824822651
    . Page 116.
  4. ISBN 9781412926942
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 9780471226017
    .. Page 22.
  6. ^
    ISBN 9781598842197
    . Chapter: Pacific Islander and Pacific Islander Americans, 1940-present, written by Matthew Kester. Page 1177.
  7. ^ a b Stantom, Max (1973). SAMOAN SAINTS SETTLERS AND SOJOURNERS. University of Oregon. pp. 21, 23. From work Samoan Saints: the Samoans in the mormon village of Laie, Hawaii.
  8. ^
    ISBN 9780824826192
    .. Chapter 7. From Village to City: Samoan migration to California, written by Graig R. James. Pages 120-121.
  9. ^ Garrison, Jessica (April 14, 2000). "Samoan Americans at a Crossroads". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  10. ^ American Samoa and the Citizenship Clause: A Study in Insular Cases Revisionism. Chapter 3. Harvard Law Review. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
  11. ISBN 9781586841126
    .
  12. ISBN 0801464021
    .
  13. ^
    ISBN 9780731506682
    .
  14. JSTOR 25168141
    . Page 25.
  15. ^ Division, US Census Bureau Administration and Customer Services. "US Census Bureau Publications - Population". www.census.gov. Retrieved 2018-09-04.
  16. ^
    U.S. Census Bureau
    .
  17. ^
    U.S. Census Bureau
    . 2019–2020.
  18. ^
    U.S. Census Bureau
    .
  19. ^ a b Sahagun, Louis (October 1, 2009). "Samoans in Carson hold church services for tsunami, earthquake victims". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2012-04-04.
  20. ^ Mydans, Seth (June 4, 1992). "Police Officer in California Cleared in Shooting Deaths". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-04-04.
  21. ^ Fuestch, Michelle (March 13, 1991). "Samoans Protest Killing of 2 Brothers". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2012-04-04.
  22. U.S. Census Bureau
    .
  23. ^ Knight, Heather (March 1, 2006). "A YEAR AT MALCOLM X: Second Chance at Success Samoan families learn American culture". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2012-04-04.
  24. ^ Brown, Charles E. (September 30, 2009). "Puget Sound's Samoan community awaits news". Seattle Times. Retrieved 2012-04-04.
  25. ^ a b "Census AmericanFactfinder". United States Census. Retrieved 2012-04-04.[dead link]
  26. ^ "One of every four Tongans in U.S. calls Utah home". September 12, 2011. Archived from the original on July 3, 2015.
  27. ^ "Samoan Population by County, Island and Census Tract in the State of Hawaii: 2010" (PDF).
  28. ^ "Amata's Journal: Many Samoans in Norfolk area". Samoa News. May 25, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2013.
  29. ^ "First Samoan Congregational Christian Church-DMV". Localprayers.com.
  30. ^ "U.S. Army investigating uniformed soldiers who appeared in video at Democratic convention". Reuters. August 19, 2020.
  31. ^ Pelley, Scott. "American Samoa: Football Island". CBS News. Retrieved 17 Sep 2010.

External links

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