Sir Charles Nicholson, 2nd Baronet
Sir Charles Nicholson, 2nd Baronet | |
---|---|
Born | London | 27 April 1867
Died | 4 March 1949 (aged 81) |
Nationality | British |
Occupation | Architect |
Spouses | Evelyn Louise Olivier
(m. 1895; died 1927)Catherine Maud Warren
(m. 1931) |
Children | 3, including John |
Parent |
|
Sir Charles Archibald Nicholson, 2nd Baronet (27 April 1867 – 4 March 1949), was an English architect and designer who specialised in ecclesiastical buildings and war memorials. He carried out the refurbishments of several cathedrals, the design and build of over a dozen new churches, and the restoration of many existing, medieval parish churches.
Nicholson was born in Hadleigh, Essex to Sir Charles Nicholson, 1st Baronet, and his wife, Sarah Elizabeth Nicholson née Keightley. His younger brothers were the stained-glass artist Archibald Keightley Nicholson and Sir Sydney Hugo Nicholson, the founder of the Royal School of Church Music.[1]
Nicholson was married first to Evelyn Louise Nicholson
Early life
Nicholson was born in
Career
In addition to designing churches, Nicholson conducted the refurbishments of many medieval churches. In addition to his ecclesiastical commissions, he was also a prolific designer of public war memorials, including one at his former school in
Nicholson's works include 42 new churches, nine new chapels, and work on nine cathedrals. Nicholson took on the alterations and restorations of many medieval churches, together with the designs of a large amount of church furnishings. The majority of his work was in England, but he also worked in Wales, Northern Ireland, Jamaica and South Africa. He was also an accomplished watercolourist who exhibited at the
From 1890, Nicholson carried out a lot of restoration work to his local parish church, St Mary the Virgin in South Benfleet. He designed the reredos between 1890–91, completely restored the south aisle between 1924-5, and designed much of the building's furnishings and fittings. His gilded border, which he completed in 1935, incorporated previous paintings by his mother, Sarah. These were repainted in 1958. Barbara Nicholson, one of his daughters, painted the ciborium.[4]
Personal life
Nicholson succeeded to the baronetcy in 1903. He largely avoided publicity and preferred to conduct a quiet life with his family.
Nicholson was married twice: firstly, on 1 October 1895, to the
On 10 June 1931, four years after Evelyn's death, Nicholson married Catherine Maud Warren (1883–1962)
Nicholson died on 4 March 1949 in Oxford and is buried in the Church of St Mary the Virgin, South Benfleet.[1] He is buried, alongside his first wife, in a stone memorial he designed for her, on the south side of the west tower. His second wife was buried there upon her death in 1962.[4] The tomb was designated as a Grade II listed building on 9 November 2021 by Historic England.[6]
Partial list of works
Nicholson's architectural works include:
- St Andrew's Vicarage (now renamed Church End House), Totteridge, Hertfordshire (1892, Nicholson's first work)[7]
- Enlargement of St Matthew's Church, Yiewsley, Middlesex (1897-1898)[8]
- St Alban the Martyr, Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex (1898-1908)[9]
- Chancel fittings for Christ Church, Chester (1900–10)[10]
- Remodelling of Burton Manor, Cheshire (1902)[11]
- Enlargement of Clifton College Chapel, Bristol (1909–10)[12]
- Major alterations to St Oswald's Church, Guiseley, West Yorkshire (1910 etc.)[13]
- Chernockehouse, Winchester, Hampshire (1910–12)[14]
- St Luke's Church, Grimsby, Lincolnshire (1912)[15]
- St Paul's Church, Halifax, West Yorkshire (1912)[16]
- Restoration of All Saints' Church, Cadney, Lincolnshire (1912–14)[17]
- New nave and chancel of St Lawrence's Church, Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire (1913)[18]
- St John the Divine, Rastrick, West Yorkshire (1913)[19]
- St Clement's Church, Leigh-on-Sea, Essex (1913 and 1919)[20]
- St Alban's church, Copnor, Hampshire (1914)[21]
- St Michael's Church, Sutton Ings, East Riding of Yorkshire (1915)[22]
- War memorial for St John's Church, Coleford, Gloucestershire (1918)[23]
- Sotterley War Memorial, Suffolk (1920)[24]
- North chapel of St Michael's Church, Basingstoke, Hampshire (1920)[25]
- Chapel of the Resurrection and vestries for St James' Church, Grimsby, Lincolnshire (1920)[26]
- Restoration of St Giles' Church, Oxford (1920)[27]
- Enlargement of SS Philip and James' Church, Oxford (1920–21)[28]
- Hornchurch war memorial, Essex (1921)[29]
- Memorial Chapel of Rugby School, Warwickshire (1920)[30]
- Church of St John the Evangelist, Long Eaton, Derbyshire (started 1922)[31]
- Screen in the Church of St Mary the Virgin, Saffron Walden, Essex (1924)[32]
- Church of the Ascension, Bitterne Park, Hampshire (1924–26)[33]
- Our Lady of Lourdes and St Joseph, Leigh-on-Sea, Essex (1924-1929), based on original designs for St Alban's Westcliff-on-Sea[34]
- St Dunstan's Church, Bellingham Estate, Lewisham (1925)[35]
- Completion of Christ Church, Gosport, Hampshire (1925)[36]
- Restoration of Shrewsbury Castle, Shropshire (1926)[37]
- Completion of St Matthew's Church, Southsea, Hampshire (1926, now the Church of the Holy Spirit)[38]
- Chelmsford Cathedral: new east end (1926) and bishop's throne[39]
- Chancel screen of the Church of St Margaret, Bowers Gifford, Essex (1926)[40]
- St Mary's church, Bournemouth (1926–34)[41]
- St Michael and All Angels, Leigh-on-Sea, Essex (started 1926, completed after his death 1957)[42]
- Chapel and library for St Boniface College, Warminster, Wiltshire (1927)[43]
- Bishop's throne and stalls for Leicester Cathedral (1927)[44]
- St Michael's Church, Castleford, West Yorkshire (1927–29)[45]
- Altar and reredos of the Church of St Mary and St Cuthbert, Chester-le-Street, County Durham (1928)[46]
- St John's Church, Stafford (started 1928, uncompleted)[47]
- Enlargement of Church of St Laurence, Upminster, Essex (1928)[48]
- New St Mary's Church, Frinton-on-Sea, Essex (1928–29)[49]
- Restoration of St Mary's Church, Hamstead Marshall, Berkshire (1929)[50]
- St Andrew's Church, Bromley (1929)[51]
- West doors of St Anne’s Cathedral, Belfast (1929)[3]
- Stained glass east window for the Horner Chapel of St Andrew's Church, Mells, Somerset (1930)[52]
- Seamen's home at Alton, Hampshire (1929–36)[53]
- Restoration of Christ Church, Gosport, Hampshire (1930s)[54]
- Lady Chapel of Norwich Cathedral (1930–32)[55]
- St George's Church, Barkingside, Essex (1931)[56]
- Rebuilding parts of SS Peter and Paul's Church, Fareham, Hampshire (1931–32)[57]
- St John's Church, Dudley Wood, Staffordshire (now West Midlands, 1931)[58]
- St Margaret's Church, Leigh-on-Sea, Essex (1931)[42]
- St Peter's Church, St Helier, London (1932)[59]
- Reredos and choir stalls of St Petroc's Church, Bodmin, Cornwall (1932)[60]
- St Elizabeth's Church, Becontree, Essex (1932)[61]
- Refurbishment of St Sepulchre-without-Newgate, London, 1932[citation needed]
- Residential block at Malling Abbey, Kent (1935)[62]
- Screen of the north chapel of St Mary's Church, Droxford, Hampshire (1935)[63]
- Sheffield Cathedral enlargement (1936)[64] and bishop's throne (1937)[65]
- St Thomas of Canterbury's Church, Camelford, Cornwall (1938)[66]
- Enlargement of Portsmouth Cathedral (1938–39), Hampshire[67]
- Restoration of Wakefield Cathedral (1939)[68]
- Lady Chapel of the Church of St Saviour-on-the-Cliff, Shanklin (1948)[69]
- Monument to FH Lindley Meynell in Holy Angels Church, Hoar Cross, Staffordshire (1941)[70]
- Roof decoration for St Mary's Church, Ketton, Rutland (completed in 1950 after his death)[71]
- The roof of Alton Abbey, Hampshire[53]
- Nave altar and railings for Lincoln Cathedral[72]
- Altar, reredos and communion rails for St Michael's Church, Macclesfield, Cheshire[73]
- Font cover for St Chad's Church, Stafford[74]
- Pulpit for St Michael's Church, Stone, Staffordshire[75]
- Grange Mansions, Totteridge, Hertfordshire[76]
- Furnishings for the Essex Regiment Chapel at Warley Barracks, Little Warley, Essex[77]
- The pulpit of St Andrew's Church, West Chelborough, Dorset[78]
- Southend War Memorial, Essex[79]
- Mosaic design for the Church of SS Mary and Nicholas, Wilton, Wiltshire[80]
- Reredos for All Saints' Church, Wolverhampton[81]
- Burwash War Memorial, East Sussex[82]
- Havant War Memorial, Hampshire (jointly with Alfred Edwin Stallard)[83]
- Stained glass window of St Michael and St George First World War memorial, St Mary Magdalene, Sparkford, Somerset[84]
Citations
- ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, 23 September 2004, retrieved 12 July 2018.
- ^ "Four Wont Way (Victoria House Corner)", Benfleet Community Archive, retrieved 12 July 2018.
- ^ a b "Architects". Belfast Cathedral. Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 1 March 2007.
- ^ a b Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, pp. 689–690.
- ^ "Mr Charles Nicholson married: My bride from Hampshire", Hampshire Telegraph and Post, 19 June 1931, p. 4.
- ^ Historic England, ""Tombstone of Sir Charles Nicholson and family" (1472162)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 7 January 2021
- ^ Pevsner & Cherry 1977, p. 365.
- ^ "St Matthew's Yiewsley". www.stmatthewsyiewsley.org.uk. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
- ^ Pevsner, Nikolaus (1954). Essex. Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. p. 325.
- ^ Pevsner & Hubbard 1971, p. 150.
- ^ Pevsner & Hubbard 1971, p. 122.
- ^ Pevsner 1958b, pp. 419–420.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1967, p. 228.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 706.
- ^ Pevsner & Harris 1964, p. 255.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1967, p. 234.
- ^ Pevsner & Harris 1964, p. 211.
- ^ Pevsner & Harris 1964, p. 326.
- ^ Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, Monday 07 April 1913 p.8 col.6: "New church at Rastrick"
- ^ Historic England listing, "Grade II* listed buildings, St Clement Church, Leigh-on-Sea. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 434.
- ^ Pevsner 1972, p. 281.
- ^ Verey 1970, p. 163.
- ^ Historic England. "Sotterley War Memorial (Grade II) (1391196)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 90.
- ^ Pevsner & Harris 1964, p. 254.
- ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 292.
- ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 298.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 245.
- ^ Pevsner & Wedgwood 1966, p. 389.
- ^ Pevsner & Williamson 1978, p. 266.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 333.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 590–592.
- OCLC 751861334.
- ^ Pevsner 1952, p. 288.
- ^ O'Brien et al. 2018, pp. 288–289.
- ^ Pevsner 1958a, p. 265.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 443.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 115.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 96.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 124.
- ^ a b Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 353.
- ^ Historic England. "St Boniface College at Warminster School (1036188)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ Pevsner 1960, p. 141.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1967, p. 158.
- ^ Pevsner & Williamson 1983, p. 126.
- ^ Pevsner 1974, pp. 247–248.
- ^ Pevsner, Cherry & O'Brien 2005, pp. 208–209.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 185.
- ^ Pevsner 1966, p. 152.
- ^ Newman 1969, p. 184.
- ^ Pevsner 1958a, p. 225.
- ^ a b Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 332.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 243.
- ^ Pevsner 1962, p. 211.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 70.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 218.
- ^ Pevsner 1974, p. 80.
- ^ Nairn, Pevsner & Cherry 1971, p. 446.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1970, p. 43.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 80.
- ^ Newman 1969, p. 603.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 193.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1967, p. 450.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1967, p. 451.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1970, p. 51.
- ^ Pevsner & Lloyd 1967, p. 400.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1967, p. 530.
- ^ Lloyd & Pevsner 2006, p. 265.
- ^ Pevsner 1974, p. 150.
- ^ Pevsner 1960, p. 153.
- ^ Pevsner & Harris 1964, p. 120.
- ^ Pevsner & Hubbard 1971, p. 266.
- ^ Pevsner 1974, p. 243.
- ^ Pevsner 1974, p. 268.
- ^ Pevsner & Cherry 1977, p. 366.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 287.
- ^ Newman & Pevsner 1972, p. 444.
- ^ Pevsner & Radcliffe 1965, p. 349.
- ^ Pevsner & Cherry 1975, p. 578.
- ^ Pevsner 1974, p. 322.
- ^ Historic England. "Burwash War Memorial (1376156)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
- ^ Historic England. "Havant War Memorial (1416419)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ Church History
References and further reading
- Brodie, Antonia; Felstead, Alison; Franklin, Jonathan; Pinfield, Leslie, eds. (2001). Directory of British Architects 1834–1914. Vol. L–Z. London & New York: ISBN 082645514X.[page needed]
- Bundock, Edwin (2013). Sir Charles Nicholson (1867–1949) Architect of Noble Simplicity. Jewel Tree Publications.
- Lloyd, David W.; ISBN 978-0-300-10733-3.
- ISBN 0-14-071021-3.
- Newman, John (1969). North East and East Kent. ISBN 0-14-071039-6.
- Newman, John; ISBN 0-14-071044-2.
- O'Brien, Charles; Bailey, Bruce; ISBN 978-0-300-22503-7.
- ISBN 0-14-071006-X.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus (1958a). Shropshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus (1958b). North Somerset and Bristol. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- ISBN 978-0-14-071018-2.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus (1962). North-East Norfolk and Norwich. The Buildings of England. Vol. 1. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus (1966). Berkshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- ISBN 0-14-0710-43-4.
- ISBN 0-14-071046-9.
- ISBN 0-14-0710-26-4.
- ISBN 0-14-071007-8.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus; Harris, John (1964). Lincolnshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- ISBN 0-14-071042-6.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus; Lloyd, David (1967). Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- ISBN 0-14-0710-11-6.
- ISBN 0-14-071017-5.
- ISBN 0-14-071001-9.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus; Wedgwood, Alexandra (1966). Warwickshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- ISBN 0-14-071008-6.
- ISBN 0-14-071009-4.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget; O'Brien, Charles (2005). London 5: East. The Buildings of England. Vol. 5. London: Yale University Press.
- Sherwood, Jennifer; ISBN 0-14-071045-0.
- Verey, David (1970). Gloucestershire: The Vale and the Forest of Dean. The Buildings of England. Vol. 2. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
- Evelyn Nicholson’s trip to Australia, 1897, University of Sydney Library
External links
Media related to Sir Charles Nicholson, 2nd Baronet at Wikimedia Commons