Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
The splenial is a small bone in the lower jaw of reptiles, amphibians and birds, usually located on the lingual side (closest to the tongue) between the angular and surangular.[1][2]
References
- ^ Romer, A. S. (1956). Osteology of the Reptiles. 772 pp. Chicago & London.
- ^ Watson, D. M. S. (1912). LXVII.—On some reptilian lower jaws. Journal of Natural History, 10(60), 573-587.
| Skull roof | Composite bones |
Interparietal (Postparietal+Tabular)
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Braincase | Composite bones |
Occipital (Supraoccipital+Exoccipital+Basioccipital)
- Otoccipital (Exoccipital+Opisthotic)
Parabasisphenoid (Parasphenoid+Basisphenoid)
- Petrosal (Prootic+Opisthotic)
- Temporal (Squamosal+Petrosal+Ectotympanic)
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Palate | |
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Mandible | |
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Hyoid | |
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Postcranial skeleton |
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| Pectoral girdle | |
---|
Forelimb | Manus | Carpus | Distal carpals |
- Distal carpal 1 (Trapezium)
- Distal carpal 2 (Trapezoid)
- Distal carpal 3 (
Capitate )
- Distal carpal 4 (
Hamate )
- Distal carpal 5
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Pelvic girdle | |
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Hindlimb | Pes | Tarsus | Proximal tarsals |
Tibiale
Intermedium
Calcaneum )
|
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Centralia |
- Centrale 1
- Centrale 2
- Centrale 3
- Centrale 4
|
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Distal tarsals |
- Distal tarsal 1 (
Medial cuneiform )
- Distal tarsal 2 (
Intermediate cuneiform )
- Distal tarsal 3 (
Lateral cuneiform )
- Distal tarsal 4
- Distal tarsal 5
|
---|
Composite tarsals |
- ) (Tibiale+Intermedium+Centrale 3+4)
Navicular (Centrale 1+2)
- Cuboid (Distal tarsal 4+5)
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Miscellaneous |
Baubellum
- Gastralia
Ossified tendon
Osteoderms
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- Parentheses denote bones that receive a different name in particular clades
- Italics denote neomorphic bones present only in particular clades
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