Yukio Hatoyama
Yukio Hatoyama | |
---|---|
鳩山 友紀夫 | |
9th district | |
Majority | 122,345 (40.2%) (2009) |
Personal details | |
Born | DPJ(98) (1998–2012) (2012–2020)Independent | 11 February 1947
Spouse | |
Children | 1 |
Parent(s) | Iichirō Hatoyama Yasuko Hatoyama |
Relatives | Hatoyama family |
Alma mater | University of Tokyo (BE) Stanford University (PhD) |
Signature | ![]() |
Website | Official website |
Yukio Hatoyama (鳩山 友紀夫, born 鳩山 由紀夫, Hatoyama Yukio, born 11 February 1947) is a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan and Leader of the Democratic Party of Japan from 2009 to 2010. He was the first Prime Minister from the modern Democratic Party of Japan.[1] Hatoyama is currently the founder and leader of Kyowa Party, a minor political party established in 2020 after he announced his return to politics.[2]
First elected to the
In 2012, Hatoyama announced his retirement from politics.
Early life and family
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Ichiro_Hatoyama_with_two_grandsons.jpg/200px-Ichiro_Hatoyama_with_two_grandsons.jpg)
Hatoyama comes from a prominent Japanese political family which has been likened to the Kennedy family of the United States.[5]
Hatoyama, who was born in
Hatoyama is the son of
His younger brother,
Hatoyama graduated with a
Hatoyama worked as assistant professor (1976–1981) at Tokyo Institute of Technology and later transferred to Senshu University as associate professor (1981–1984).
Hatoyama's son Kiichiro Hatoyama (1976) is married and has given Hatoyama senior two grandchildren.
Political career
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Vladimir_Putin_in_Japan_3-5_September_2000-17.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Japan_3-5_September_2000-17.jpg)
Hatoyama ran for a seat in the
Hatoyama and his younger brother, Kunio Hatoyama, co-created the party, using billions of yen donated by their mother, Yasuko.[6] Kunio Hatoyama eventually left the DPJ, saying the party had drifted too far to the left from its original centrist roots, and rejoined the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).[6] Yukio remained with the party through its merger with several other opposition parties in 1998.
The elder Hatoyama became the Democratic Party of Japan's chairman and leader of the opposition from 1999 to 2002, after which he resigned to take responsibility for the confusion that arose from rumors of mergers with Ichirō Ozawa's then Liberal Party. He was Secretary-General of the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ)[7] before he succeeded Ozawa as party leader following Ozawa's resignation on 11 May 2009. Hatoyama was chosen by fellow party representatives on 16 May 2009, winning 124 of the 219 votes and defeating rival Katsuya Okada.[8]
Because of his quirky hairstyle, prominent eyes, and eccentric manner, he is known by his supporters and his opposition alike as "ET" or "The Alien",[9] a nickname his wife states he earned because of how different he is from old-style Japanese politicians.[10] Another nickname commonly used by the Japanese public in press was Popo, after a children's song about a pigeon that starts with the lyric "popopo, hato popo"; the first character in Hatoyama's last name is the Japanese word for 'pigeon'.
Prime Minister (2009–2010)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Yukio_Hatoyama_and_Barack_Obama_cropped_Miyuki_Hatoyama_Michelle_Obama_Yukio_Hatoyama_and_Barack_Obama_20090923.jpg/200px-Yukio_Hatoyama_and_Barack_Obama_cropped_Miyuki_Hatoyama_Michelle_Obama_Yukio_Hatoyama_and_Barack_Obama_20090923.jpg)
Hatoyama entered his prime minister career with a high approval rating. The DPJ promised to end lavish spending on public works projects associated with LDP and to divert that money to tax cuts and subsidies for households.[11] Expectations were high that he would break strongly with the policies of the LDP.[12]
Hatoyama's popularity soon began to falter after the DPJ struggled to meet the high expectations they set in the midst of a sliding economy. In May 2010 he faced a possible
Although Yukio Hatayoma was prime minister for less than a year, he had a wide range of achievements to his name by the time that he left office. Amongst his achievements included:
- The introduction of a state subsidy for families with young children.[14]
- The abolition of public high school tuition fees.[15]
- The introduction of an individual household income support project for rice farmers.[16]
- The restoration of the Additional Living Support Allowance for Single-Mother Households.[17]
- A big increase in social spending, with the social security budget, including spending on childrearing, nursing care, and medical care, increased by 9.8% as child allowances were introduced and the remuneration schedule for medical services was increased for the first time in ten years.[17]
- An 8.2% increase in the education budget.[17]
- An expansion in the student scholarship system to cover more students.[17]
- The extension of employment insurance to all workers.[17][18]
- A reduction in medical expenses for unemployed persons.[17]
- The elimination of age-discriminatory practices in remuneration schedules and medical services.[17]
- The expansion of assistance for the "development of public rental housing with annexed facilities for supporting the elderly and childrearing households" to include "public rental housing with annexed medical facilities".[17]
- The introduction of free welfare services and equipment for low-income persons with disabilities.[17]
Illegal campaign contributions
In December 2009, a finance scandal caused a drop in Hatoyama's popularity. It was revealed that Hatoyama received $4 million in donations that were improperly reported. Most of the money was given by his mother, a wealthy heiress, and some of the reported givers had the names of deceased people. The scandal raised questions about his credibility while also highlighting his privileged background.[19] However, according to NHK in 2010 prosecutors chose not to pursue him citing insufficient evidence of criminal activity, although a secretary was given a suspended prison sentence, and a review panel commented: "it is difficult to believe Hatoyama's assertion he was unaware of the falsifications."[20]
Spending review
In December, the DPJ created a government task force to review government spending and pledged to make cuts equal to $32.8 billion. However, the task force cut only a quarter of that amount. Hatoyama even had to renege on a campaign promise to cut road-related taxes – including a highly symbolic gasoline tax and highway tolls.[21] Hatoyama faced criticism from fringes of his own party, some calling for a return to public works spending.[11]
Foreign policy
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Medvedev_and_Hatoyama.jpg/200px-Medvedev_and_Hatoyama.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/28kyogi_EU1.jpg/200px-28kyogi_EU1.jpg)
Hatoyama, representing the policies DPJ campaigned on, wanted to shift Japan's focus from a more America-centric foreign policy to a more Asia-focused policy. Also, he wanted to make foreign policy decisions with America more transparent, from a popular perception that Japanese foreign policy was determined by insiders behind closed doors.[22]
The DPJ's election platform called for re-examining its ties with the United States.
Hatoyama ended an eight-year refueling mission in Afghanistan, a highly symbolic move because the mission had long been criticized for violating the nation's pacifist Constitution. In order not to anger Washington, Hatoyama offered $5 billion in civilian aid for Afghanistan reconstruction.[24]
Hatoyama was also faced with the issue of the relocation of the American Futenma Marine Corps Air Base. The United States government hoped that Hatoyama would honor a 2006 agreement to relocate the base to a less populated part of Okinawa and move 8,000 marines to Guam.[25] Some voices in the DPJ demanded that America move its military bases off Okinawa islands altogether.[22] Hatoyama was torn between public opinion on Okinawa and the desire to retain strong ties with Washington.
In moving towards a more Asia-centered foreign policy, Hatoyama worked towards making relations better with nearby East Asian countries, even saying "the Japanese Islands don't belong to only Japanese".
Resignation
On 2 June 2010, Hatoyama announced his resignation as Prime Minister before a meeting of the Japanese Democratic Party. He cited breaking a campaign promise to close
Cabinet
Deputy Prime Minister Minister of Finance Minister of State for Economic and Fiscal Policy |
Naoto Kan |
Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications Minister of State for Promotion of Local Sovereignty |
Kazuhiro Haraguchi |
Minister of Justice | Keiko Chiba |
Minister of Foreign Affairs | Katsuya Okada |
Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Minister of State for Science and Technology Policy |
Tatsuo Kawabata |
Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare Minister of State for Pension Reform |
Akira Nagatsuma |
Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | Hirotaka Akamatsu |
Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry |
Masayuki Naoshima |
Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Minister of State for Okinawa and Northern Territories Affairs |
Seiji Maehara |
Minister of the Environment | Sakihito Ozawa |
Minister of Defence | Toshimi Kitazawa |
Chief Cabinet Secretary Minister of State for Consumer Affairs, Food Safety, Social Affairs, and Gender Equality |
Hirofumi Hirano |
Chairman of the National Commission on Public Safety Minister of State for Disaster Management Minister of State for the Abduction Issue |
Hiroshi Nakai |
Minister of State for Financial Services Minister of State for Postal Reform |
Shizuka Kamei |
Minister of State for the New Concept of Public Service Minister of State for Civil Service Reform Minister of State for National Policy |
Yoshito Sengoku |
Minister of State for Government Revitalisation | Yukio Edano |
Post-premiership
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Yukio_Hatoyama%2C_Former_Prime_Minister%2C_Japan%2C_proposing_his_vision_for_a_pan-Asian_leadership_agenda_%2830571226673%29.jpg/200px-Yukio_Hatoyama%2C_Former_Prime_Minister%2C_Japan%2C_proposing_his_vision_for_a_pan-Asian_leadership_agenda_%2830571226673%29.jpg)
After stepping down as prime minister Hatoyama continued to serve as a DPJ diet member. When Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda introduced legislation to raise the consumption tax from 5% to 10% Hatoyama was one of 57 DPJ lower house lawmakers who voted against the bill.[38] His membership in the DPJ was suspended for six months, subsequently reduced to three.[39]
Unlike some of the tax rioters, Hatoyama did not leave the DPJ to join
In the lead-up to the 16 December 2012 general election the DPJ announced that it would not endorse candidates who did not agree to follow its current policies, including the consumption tax hike and support for joining the negotiations to enter the Trans-Pacific Partnership. On 21 November Hatoyama proclaimed that he would retire from politics.[41]
On 9 January 2013, Hatoyama expressed a government apology to the victims of
On 21 March 2013, Hatoyama was appointed as the honorary chairman and a senior consultant of Hoifu Energy Group.[43][non-primary source needed]
In March 2015, Hatoyama visited Crimea and claimed that the referendum in Crimea was "constitutional."[44]
In August 2015, Hatoyama visited the
Hatoyama practices the
Hatoyama continues to display his outspokenness after his retirement from politics.[47] He is one of the most followed Japanese current/ex-politicians on Twitter and still regularly weighs in on current affairs. In 2023 he falsely claimed on Twitter that Ukraine was planning to launch a nuclear attack on Russia; he apologized for what he said was a translation issue.[4]
In 2020 Hatoyama formed the Kyowa Party.[48] He has announced his intention to run for office in the 2025 election. His former DPJ colleagues expressed irritation with him for claiming to form a party without any clear base of political allies.[49]
Awards and honors
Sustainable Development Leadership Award
On 5 February 2010, Hatoyama was awarded the Sustainable Development Leadership Award of the
Time 100
In 2010, Time magazine's "Time 100" elected Hatoyama as No. 6 among the 100 most influential people in the world. It said Hatoyama had "helped change his country from a de facto one-party state into a functional democracy", through the DPJ victory in the 2009 general election.[51]
See also
References
- ^ Hayashi, Yuka. "Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama Resigns; Search for New Leader Begins". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 10 August 2022.
- ^ a b c "鳩山元首相「共和党」の結党を準備 現職議員の参加は…:朝日新聞デジタル". 朝日新聞デジタル (in Japanese). 25 October 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
- ^ "Ex-prime minister Hatoyama defends referendum in Crimea as constitutional". The Japan Times. 12 March 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
- ^ a b 鳩山由紀夫氏、誤情報拡散を謝罪 ウクライナ巡り「核戦争で人類が滅びてしまいかねない」とツイートも「撤回する」
- ^ a b c Suzuki, Miwa (24 August 2009). "Japan's first lady hopeful an outgoing TV lifestyle guru". France 24. Agence France-Presse. Archived from the original on 5 January 2010. Retrieved 31 August 2009.; Hayashi, Yuka. "Japan's Hatoyama Sustains Family Political Tradition," Wall Street Journal (WSJ). 1 August 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Takahashi, Kosuke. "Japan on the brink of a new era", Asia Times, 29 August 2009.
- ^ a b "Yukio Hatoyama". The Democratic Party of Japan. Archived from the original on 7 August 2007.
- ^ "Hatoyama Wins Election to Head Japan's Biggest Opposition Party". Bloomberg News. 16 May 2009. Retrieved 16 May 2009.
- ^ "New Japan PM earned alien name, wife says". Brisbane Times. 31 August 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
- ^ Willacy, Mark (1 September 2009). "New Japan PM earned alien name, wife says". ABC News. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
- ^ a b Tabuchi, Hiroko (22 December 2009). "Harsh Realities Stand in the Way of a Leader's Vision of a New Japan". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- ^ a b Tabuchi, Hiroko (16 September 2009). "Japan's New Prime Minister Takes Office, Ending an Era". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- ^ "NHK WORLD English". NHK. Archived from the original on 3 September 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ^ "A Clouded Outlook". Time. 2 August 2010. Archived from the original on 28 July 2010.
- ^ "Consumer prices fall in Japan". The Irish Times. 5 May 2010.
- ^ "Déjà vu in Japan's agricultural policymaking". East Asia Forum. 19 March 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Manifesto" (PDF). DPJ. 2010. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
- ^ "Conference" (PDF). University of Tokyo. Retrieved 27 December 2012.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Fackler, Martin (18 December 2009). "Doubts Grow in Japan About Premier Amid Money Scandal". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- ^ "NHKオンライン". NHK. Archived from the original on 21 June 2011. Retrieved 2 July 2010.
- ^ Dow Jones (21 December 2009). "Japan Prime Minister Says Gasoline Tax Surcharges To Continue". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 8 January 2010.[dead link]
- ^ a b Fackler, Martin (1 December 2009). "Japan's Relationship With U.S. Gets a Closer Look". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- ^ Masami, Ito (19 January 2010). "As security pact with U.S. turns 50, Japan looks to redefine relations". The Japan Times.
- ^ Fackler, Martin (15 January 2010). "Japan Ends Naval Support for Afghan War". The New York Times.
- ^ Fackler, Martin (13 November 2009). "Obama, in Japan, Says U.S. Will Study Status of a Marine Base on Okinawa". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- ^ 『日本列島は日本人だけのものではない』|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DlQP5IjLtKY%7C
- ^ Tabuchi, Hiroko (30 December 2010). "Japan Unveils Plan for Growth, Emphasizing Free Trade in Asia". The New York Times.
- ^ "In milestone year, Hatoyama seeks 'future-oriented' ties with South Korea". The Asahi Shimbun. Japan. 8 January 2010. Retrieved 8 January 2010.[dead link]
- ^ Fackler, Martin (23 January 2010). "In Japan, U.S. Losing Diplomatic Ground to China". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- Daily Yomiuri. Archived from the originalon 22 January 2010. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ Associated, The (23 May 2010). "Japan's Leader Concedes To U.S. On Okinawa Base". NPR. Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ^ a b Hayashi, Yuka (2 June 2010). "Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama Resigns; Search for New Leader Begins". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ^ "MCAS Futenma to remain on Okinawa". Marine Corps Times. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012.
- ^ "Hatoyama, Obama to talk on Futenma Air Base: report". Reuters. 25 May 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ^ The Yomiuri Shimbun. "'Obama nod' prompted Fukushima dismissal". Yomiuri Shimbun. Japan. Archived from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ^ "Obama, Hatoyama Satisfied With US Airbase Relocation – White House". The Wall Street Journal. 27 May 2010. Archived from the original on 1 June 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ^ Linda Sieg and Yoko Nishikawa (2 June 2010). "Japan PM quits before election, yen sinks". Reuters. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ^ The Daily Yomiuri Local DPJ chapters blast tax-vote rebel lawmakers June 28 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2012
- ^ The Japan Times Hatoyama's DPJ membership suspension halved 10 July 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2012
- ^ Kajimoto, Mari Saito, Tetsushi (20 July 2012). "UPDATE 1-Ex-Japan PM joins anti-nuclear demo outside PM's office". Reuters (in Chinese). Retrieved 23 November 2020.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Staff Reporter (19 January 2013). "Former Japanese PM Hatoyama apologizes for Nanjing Massacre". China Times. Archived from the original on 6 November 2014.
- ^ "APPOINTMENT OF HONORARY CHAIRMAN AND SENIOR CONSULTANT" (Press release). Hoifu Energy Group. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
- ^ The Japan Times Ex-prime minister Hatoyama defends referendum in Crimea as constitutional
- ^ Hongo, Jun (13 August 2015). "Former Prime Minister Hatoyama Kneels at Wartime Prison in Seoul". Wall Street Journal.
- ^ PRWeb Former Japan Prime Minister to Address Record Number of Grads at 2015 Maharishi University Commencement
- ^ Harding, Robin (20 July 2016). "Japan's ex-prime minister, Yukio Hatoyama, answers his critics". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 24 December 2022.
- ^ "マニュフェスト".
- ^ 鳩山元首相が新党準備
- ^ "Press Release". Business Wire. 5 February 2010. Archived from the original on 26 October 2010. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
- ^ NEW YORK, 29 April (AP) – (Kyodo)
Bibliography
- Itoh, Mayumi (2003). The Hatoyama Dynasty: Japanese Political Leadership through the Generations. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. OCLC 248918078.
- Hofmann, Reto (2019). "The conservative imaginary: moral re-armament and the internationalism of the Japanese right, 1945–1962". Japan Forum. 33 (1): 77–102. S2CID 202261053.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png)
- Official website (in Japanese)
- Official Twitter account (in Japanese)
- Yuai Youth Association Official website: "Yuai" for Understanding; Origin of Yuai idea (in English and Japanese) – a Yuai (Fraternity) association: Yukio Hatoyama is the chairperson. (broken link)
- Hatoyama, Yukio (26 August 2009). "A New Path for Japan". The New York Times. Opinion. Outlines his party's philosophy of tempering the excesses of market capitalism and of moving towards regional integration and collective security in Asia.
- Harden, Blaine (1 September 2009). "A Political Blue Blood on His Own Path". The Washington Post.
- Martin, Alex (14 July 2009). "HATOYAMAS: For Hatoyamas, politics is considered birthright". The Japan Times. FYI (weekly column).