Yuzhou (ancient China)

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Yuzhou
Hanyu Pinyin
Yùzhōu

Yuzhou or Yu Province was one of the

Western Han dynasty
(206 BC-AD 9).

History

Pre-Qin dynasty

Pre-

Han rivers. That was where Zhou
was located."

Han dynasty

In 106 BC during the reign of

Ru River basin, and Feng and Pei counties in Jiangsu
. However Yuzhou did not have a provincial capital and was only an administrative division in name.

Map of Chinese provinces in the prelude of Three Kingdoms period
(In the late Han dynasty period, 189 CE).

In 188 during the reign of

Liang (梁), Pei (沛), Chen (陳) and Lu
(魯).

Three Kingdoms

During the

Ru River). Under its jurisdiction were nine commanderies - Yingchuan (潁川), Chen (陳), Lu (魯), Runan (汝南), Qiao (譙), Yiyang (弋陽), Yang'an (陽安), Xiangcheng (襄城) and Ruyin (汝陰) - and two states
- Liang (梁) and Pei (沛).

Jin dynasty and Sixteen Kingdoms

During the

Huaiyang County, Henan), and it governed ten commanderies and states
.

Its capital constantly changed during the

Yangtze River when its land area was greatest during Eastern Jin. In 329 Yuzhou's capital was set up in Wuyang County (蕪湖縣; east of present-day Wuyang, Anhui). After 338 the capital kept changing, and its locations included: Zhucheng (邾城; northwest of present-day Huanggang, Hubei); Wuhu (蕪湖); Niuzhu (牛渚; present-day Caishi Subdistrict, Ma'anshan, Anhui); Liyang (歷陽; present-day He County, Anhui); Matou (馬頭; southern bank of the Huai River at south of Huaiyuan County, Anhui); Qiao (譙; present-day Bozhou, Anhui); Gushu (姑孰; present-day Dangtu County, Anhui). From 416 onwards its capital was in Shouchun (壽春; present-day Shou County
, Anhui).

During the Sixteen Kingdoms period (304-439), Yuzhou was under Later Zhao, and its capital was moved to Xuchang County (許昌縣; east of present-day Xuchang, Henan). The Former Qin kingdom later renamed it Dongyuzhou (東豫州; Eastern Yu Province) and designated its capital in Luoyang County (洛陽縣; northeast of present-day Luoyang, Henan).

Southern and Northern Dynasties

During the

Southern and Northern dynasties
period (420-589), China was further divided into many administrative divisions so the land area in each division was reduced. Yuzhou fell under the control of several dynasties and experienced a series of renaming and changes to its capital.

  • The Liu Song dynasty (420-479) established a Nanyuzhou (南豫州; Southern Yu Province) with its capital in Gure (姑熟; present-day Dangtu County, Anhui).
  • The Southern Qi (479-502) set up another Yuzhou in addition to Nanyuzhou, with the former's capital in Shouchun (壽春; present-day Shou County, Anhui).
  • In 500 Yuzhou fell under Northern Wei (386-535) control and was renamed Yangzhou (揚州). It was later renamed to Luozhou (洛州), and Sizhou (司州) was renamed Yuzhou, with the latter's capital in Shangcai County (上蔡縣; present-day Runan County, Henan).
  • In 506 the
    Qianshan County, Anhui). In 550 it was renamed to Jinzhou (晉州) with its capital in Nanchang (南昌; present-day Nanchang, Jiangxi
    ). In 557 it was renamed Jiangzhou (江州).
  • In 550 Yuzhou came under Eastern Wei (534-550) and was renamed back to Yangzhou.
  • In 573 Yuzhou came under the Chen dynasty (557-589) and was renamed back to Yuzhou.
  • In 579 Northern Zhou (557–581) renamed Yuzhou to Yangzhou (揚州), and later to Shuzhou (舒州) and Zhenzhou (溱州).

Sui and Tang dynasties

During the early Daye era (605-618) of the Sui dynasty (589–618), Yuzhou was renamed Caizhou (蔡州) and its capital designated in Luoyang (洛陽; present-day Luoyang, Henan). In 607 it was renamed to Henan Commandery (河南郡).

Yuzhou was restored in the early Tang dynasty (618–907) and its capital set up in Ruyang County (汝陽縣; present-day Runan County, Henan). In 742 it was renamed Runan Commandery (汝南郡), and in 758 it was renamed back to Yuzhou. Around 762 and 763 it was renamed to Caizhou (蔡州) again.

Liao dynasty

During the

Baarin Left Banner, Inner Mongolia). Its capital was near northwest of present-day Jarud Banner
, Inner Mongolia.

Jin dynasty

Yuzhou was abolished during the Jurchen-ruled Jin dynasty (1115–1234).

References

  1. ISBN 978-90-04-16835-0
    .

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