1994 German federal election
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All 672 seats in the Bundestag 337 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Registered | 60,452,009 0.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turnout | 47,737,999 (79.0%) 1.2pp | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The left side shows constituency winners of the election by their party colours. The right side shows party list winners of the election for the additional members by their party colours. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Germany |
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Even though this election did not lead to a switch in government, it saw the election of many people to the Bundestag that would play an important role later. Future CDU leaders
Issues and campaign
The
For the first time in their existence,
The election also saw a "red socks" campaign used by the
Results
Party | Party-list | Constituency | Total seats | +/– | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | ||||
Social Democratic Party | 17,140,354 | 36.39 | 149 | 17,966,813 | 38.27 | 103 | 252 | +13 | |
Christian Democratic Union | 16,089,960 | 34.16 | 67 | 17,473,325 | 37.22 | 177 | 244 | −24 | |
Christian Social Union | 3,427,196 | 7.28 | 6 | 3,657,627 | 7.79 | 44 | 50 | −1 | |
Alliance 90/The Greens | 3,424,315 | 7.27 | 49 | 3,037,902 | 6.47 | 0 | 49 | +41 | |
Free Democratic Party | 3,258,407 | 6.92 | 47 | 1,558,185 | 3.32 | 0 | 47 | −32 | |
Party of Democratic Socialism | 2,066,176 | 4.39 | 26 | 1,920,420 | 4.09 | 4 | 30 | +13 | |
The Republicans | 875,239 | 1.86 | 0 | 787,757 | 1.68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
The Grays – Gray Panthers | 238,642 | 0.51 | 0 | 178,450 | 0.38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Ecological Democratic Party | 183,715 | 0.39 | 0 | 200,138 | 0.43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Natural Law Party | 73,193 | 0.16 | 0 | 59,087 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Human Environment Animal Protection | 71,643 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Party of Bible-abiding Christians | 65,651 | 0.14 | 0 | 26,864 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Statt Party | 63,354 | 0.13 | 0 | 7,927 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Bavaria Party | 42,491 | 0.09 | 0 | 3,324 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Car-drivers' and Citizens' Interests Party | 21,533 | 0.05 | 0 | 1,654 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Christian Centre | 19,887 | 0.04 | 0 | 3,559 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Party of the Willing to Work and Socially Vulnerable | 15,040 | 0.03 | 0 | 489 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Marxist–Leninist Party | 10,038 | 0.02 | 0 | 4,932 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Bürgerrechtsbewegung Solidarität | 8,103 | 0.02 | 0 | 8,032 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Christian League | 5,195 | 0.01 | 0 | 3,788 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Centre Party | 3,757 | 0.01 | 0 | 1,489 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Federation of Socialist Workers | 1,285 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Free Citizens' Union | 8,193 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
German Social Union | 2,395 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
German Communist Party | 693 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
German People's Party | 606 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Free Social Union | 467 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Communist Party of Germany | 426 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Independent Workers' Party | 302 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Liberal Democrats | 221 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Federation for a Complete Germany | 107 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Democrats | 104 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Independents and voter groups | 34,080 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Total | 47,105,174 | 100.00 | 344 | 46,949,356 | 100.00 | 328 | 672 | +10 | |
Valid votes | 47,105,174 | 98.67 | 46,949,356 | 98.35 | |||||
Invalid/blank votes | 632,825 | 1.33 | 788,643 | 1.65 | |||||
Total votes | 47,737,999 | 100.00 | 47,737,999 | 100.00 | |||||
Registered voters/turnout | 60,452,009 | 78.97 | 60,452,009 | 78.97 | |||||
Source: Bundeswahlleiter |
Results by state
Second vote (Zweitstimme, or votes for party list)
State results in % | CDU/CSU | SPD | GRÜNE | FDP | PDS | REP | all others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baden-Württemberg | 43.3 | 30.7 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 0.8 | 3.1 | 2.6 |
Bavaria | 51.2 | 29.6 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 0.5 | 2.8 | 3.2 |
Berlin | 31.4 | 34.0 | 10.2 | 5.2 | 14.8 | 1.9 | 2.5 |
Brandenburg | 28.1 | 45.1 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 19.3 | 1.1 | 0.9 |
Bremen | 30.2 | 45.5 | 11.1 | 7.2 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
Hamburg | 34.9 | 39.7 | 12.6 | 7.2 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Hesse | 40.7 | 37.2 | 9.3 | 8.1 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.2 |
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | 38.5 | 28.8 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 23.6 | 1.2 | 0.9 |
Lower Saxony | 41.3 | 40.6 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
North Rhine-Westphalia | 38.0 | 43.1 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
Rhineland-Palatinate | 43.8 | 39.4 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 1.2 |
Saarland | 37.2 | 48.8 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Saxony | 48.0 | 24.3 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 16.7 | 1.4 | 1.0 |
Saxony-Anhalt | 38.8 | 33.4 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 18.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Schleswig-Holstein | 41.5 | 39.6 | 8.3 | 7.4 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Thuringia | 41.0 | 30.2 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 17.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 |
Constituency seats
State | Total seats |
Seats won | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CDU | SPD | CSU | PDS | ||
Baden-Württemberg | 37 | 37 | |||
Bavaria | 45 | 1 | 44 | ||
Berlin | 13 | 6 | 3 | 4 | |
Brandenburg | 12 | 12 | |||
Bremen | 3 | 3 | |||
Hamburg | 7 | 1 | 6 | ||
Hesse | 22 | 14 | 8 | ||
Lower Saxony | 31 | 17 | 14 | ||
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | 9 | 7 | 2 | ||
North Rhine-Westphalia | 71 | 31 | 40 | ||
Rhineland-Palatinate | 16 | 12 | 4 | ||
Saarland | 5 | 5 | |||
Saxony | 21 | 21 | |||
Saxony-Anhalt | 13 | 10 | 3 | ||
Schleswig-Holstein | 11 | 9 | 2 | ||
Thuringia | 12 | 12 | |||
Total | 328 | 177 | 103 | 44 | 4 |
List seats
State | Total seats |
Seats won | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPD | CDU | Grüne | FDP | PDS | CSU | ||
Baden-Württemberg | 42 | 25 | 8 | 8 | 1 | ||
Bavaria | 47 | 28 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 6 | |
Berlin | 14 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 2 | ||
Brandenburg | 11 | 6 | 1 | 4 | |||
Bremen | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||
Hamburg | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |||
Hesse | 27 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 1 | |
Lower Saxony | 36 | 14 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 1 | |
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||
North Rhine-Westphalia | 77 | 26 | 27 | 11 | 12 | 1 | |
Rhineland-Palatinate | 17 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 2 | ||
Saarland | 4 | 4 | |||||
Saxony | 18 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 6 | ||
Saxony-Anhalt | 10 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 4 | ||
Schleswig-Holstein | 13 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||
Thuringia | 12 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | ||
Total | 344 | 149 | 67 | 49 | 47 | 26 | 6 |
Post-election
The coalition between the CDU/CSU and the FDP was able to continue in power with Helmut Kohl as chancellor.
The PDS won four constituency seats in its power base of the former East Berlin, qualifying it for proportional representation even though the party won 4.4 percent of the vote, just short of the 5% electoral threshold required for full parliamentary status. Under a longstanding electoral law intended to benefit regional parties, any party that wins at least three constituency seats is entitled to its share of proportionally-elected seats, regardless of vote share.[4]
This was the first time in the history of the Federal Republic that the FDP was not the third-largest party in the chamber.
References
- ^ "Das Versagen der SPD" (in German). Tagesspiegel. 2 August 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ Vor 20 Jahren: Rudolf Scharping im Wahlkampf (in German). Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ Fürstenau, Marcel (24 September 2021). "German election: Could there soon be a left-wing government?". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ISBN 978-0230592148.
- ^ Combined results of Alliance 90/Green Citizens' Movements and the West German Green Party.