Asigarh Fort

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Not to be confused with Asirgarh Fort.

Asigarh Fort
LocationHansi, Haryana, India
Coordinates29°6′19″N 75°57′47″E / 29.10528°N 75.96306°E / 29.10528; 75.96306
Area30 acres (12 ha)
Height52 feet
Built11th century
Built forAnangpal Tomar
Demolished1857
Restored1937
Restored byArchaeological Survey of India
Architectural style(s)Hindu
Governing bodyArchaeological Survey of India
Asigarh Fort is located in Haryana
Asigarh Fort
Location of Asigarh Fort in Haryana
Asigarh Fort is located in India
Asigarh Fort
Asigarh Fort (India)

Asigarh Fort, also called Hansi Fort, is located on the eastern bank of Amti lake in

ancient India[2] and has been declared a centrally protected monument by ASI in 1937.[3]

Etymology

Asigarh the fort of swords, from Asi (sword) and garh (fort), as this was the centre of sword making from the ancient times of Hindu rulers.

There are several names used for the fort in different anecdotes, such as Asidurga, Asigarh, Asika, A-sika, Ansi, Hansi, etc.,

History

Earlier Fort

Hansi fort or Asigarh Fort has long history with little clarity about the earlier period. The excavation of ancient coins belong to the BCE period shows that there have been long history of settlements on the mound on which fort is built.[2]

Tomara- Builder and first rulers of present Asigarh Fort

As per British library, Hansi city is believed to have been founded by Tomara king Anangpal Tomar (Anangpal II), the Tomar king of Delhi. The son of King Anangpal Tomar, Drupad established a sword manufacturing factory in this fort, hence it is also called "Asigarh". Swords from this fort were exported as far away as to Arab countries. As per Talif-e-Tajkara-e-Hansi by Qazi Sharif Husain in 1915, around 80 forts across the area were controlled from this centre "Asigarh".[4]

The Tomar Empire during the reign of Anangpal II extended over various parts of

Sonkh (Mathura), Taragarh, Gopachal(Gwalior), Tanwarhinda (Bhatinda), Tanwarghaar, Pathankot - Nurpur, Patan - Tanwarawati, Nagarkot (Kangra),[6][7]

Multiple (three)

Gazni.[12] In 1041 in revenge for murder of his father, Mahmud Ghazni's nephew Mawdud of Ghazni (r. 1041-50 CE) seized the throne from his uncle Mahmud Ghazni. Kumarpal Tomar (or Mahipal Tomar) of Tomar dynasty who ruled this area from Delhi in the 11th century recaptured Hansi and Thanesar regions from Mawdud, and based on fragmentary Tomar inscriptions discovered from Mahipalpur in Delhi it has been theorized that Mahipala established a new capital at Mahipalapura (now Mahipalpur).[9]

Chauhan Rajputs rule

According to the Bijolia inscription of Someshvara of Chauhan dynasty, his brother Vigraharaja IV had captured Dhillika (Delhi) and Ashika (Hansi). He probably defeated the Tomar king Anangapala III.[13] Additions were made to the fort by Prithviraj Chauhan in the 12th century.[2]

Muslim rule

Main article:
Battle of Bagar

In 1192, after the defeat of

Battle of Bagar took place in which Jatwan besieged the Muslim commander Nasrat Uddin at Hansi in 1192 CE, shortly after the defeat of Prithviraj.[14] On receiving this news Qutb-ud-din marched twelve farsakhs, i.e., about 40 miles during one night. Jatwan raised the siege of Hansi and prepared for an obstinate conflict. "The armies attacked each other" says the author of Taj-ul-Maasir "like two hills of steel, and the field of battle (on the borders of the Bager country) became tulip-dyed with the blood of warriors. Jatwan had his standards of God-plurality and ensigns of perdition lowered by the hand of power".[15] And the Ghurid
forces took control of the fort.

Sikh and Maratha rule

In 1705, during the time of

Baba Banda Singh Bahadur attacked Hansi. In 1736, the fort was under Maratha rule. In 1780s Maharaja Jassa Singh Ramgarhia also took this area under his control for some years as a Maratha vassal[citation needed
] and then left.

British colonial rule

From 1798 to 1801, George Thomas, an Irish immigrant who rose from an ordinary sailor, usurped the area around Hansi and made Asigarh fort his capital.[16][17]

In 1803 after the

Anglo-Maratha Wars, the British East India Company rule seized the fort, but did not take control until 1810 and after which they controlled it till independence of India in 1947
.

The fort was again built by

Hisar and Rohtak districts with capital at Hansi
.

In 1803 Hansi was also the headquarters of

1st Skinner's Horse and 3rd Skinner's Horse at Hansi in 1803. These units are still part of the Indian Army.[18] in 1818 was granted a jagir of Hansi (Hisar district, Haryana), yielding Rs 20,000 a year.[19]

Hansi took an active part in the Sepoy Mutiny (Gadar), Lala Hukam Chand Jain was martyred in 1857 by Britishers. [citation needed]

revolt of 1857, the cantonment was abandoned and the fort was damaged.[2] The prisoners of the Kuka movement were imprisoned in this fort during the 1880s.[20]

Fort details

The fort is said to be one of the most impregnable forts of

ancient India[2] The walls of the fort are 52 feet (16 m) high and 37 feet (11 m) thick. At the south end of the fort is a big gate added later by George Thomas.[2] The carvings on the walls assign it to be of Hindu origin.[3]

Main gate

The main gate has the beautiful carvings of birds, animals and Hindu deities.[21][1]

Baradari

Long pillared structure with a flat roof is situated on the top of the mound and is known as Baradari.[3]

Char Qutub Dargah

A mosque is also located inside the fort complex which was added after the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan.[2]

Excavations

The ancient coins of the period before Christ were found here.

Buddha was excavated here.[21]
In February 1982, a large hoard - known as Hansi hoard - of Jaina bronzes including idols belonging to the Gupta period (319 to 605 CE) and 7th–8th centuries (a period belonging to the emperor Harshavardhana's Pushyabhuti dynasty, c. 500 to 647 CE) were discovered.[12]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Asigarh Fort.

References

  • Barnett, Lionel (1999). Antiquities of India. Atlantic.
  • Dilip Kumar Ganguly (1984). History and Historians in Ancient India. Abhinav. p. 117.
    ISBN 978-0-391-03250-7
    .
  • Khan, Iqtidar Alam (2007). "Ganda Chandella". Historical Dictionary of Medieval India. Scarecrow Press.
  • P. C. Roy (1980). The Coinage of Northern India. Abhinav.
    ISBN 9788170171225
    .
  • ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0
    .
  1. ^ a b Planning a vacation? Here's why you should visit Hansi in Haryana or go trekking in Kemmanagundi, Economic Times, 3 Nov 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Gazetteer of Hisar" (PDF). Revenue Department, Government of Haryana. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d "History of Hisar". District Administration, Hisar. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  4. ^ The fort at Hansi, the Union flag flying from the top
  5. ^ Tomars of Delhi by Harihar Niwas Dwivedi. Gwalior: Vidya Mandir Publications. 1983.
  6. ^ Tomars of Delhi by Harihar Niwas Dwivedi. Gwalior: Vidya Mandir Publications. 1983. p. 175.
  7. ISBN 978-8-17387-163-4
    .
  8. ^ Upinder Singh 2008, p. 570.
  9. ^ a b P. C. Roy 1980, pp. 93–94.
  10. ^ Barnett 1999, p. 74-78.
  11. ^ Khan 2007, p. 66.
  12. ^ a b Jaina Bronzes From Hansi, by Devendra Handa, Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 2002
  13. ^ Dilip Kumar Ganguly 1984, p. 117.
  14. ISBN 978-93-5128-513-7
    .
  15. ISBN 978-969-412-140-6
    .
  16. ^ Desi Irish Raja of Haryana, TIme of India newspaper, Jul-24-2016
  17. ^ Military memoirs of George Thomas, William_Francklin, 1805
  18. ^ Colonel James Skinner CB Archived 18 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine National Army Museum (British Army).
  19. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Skinner, James" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 192.
  20. ^ Singh, Jaswindar (1985). Kuka Movement: Freedom Struggle in Punjab, Documents, 1880-1903 A.D. New delhi: Atlantic Publishers. p. 217. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  21. ^ a b पुरातत्व विभाग Rs.10 लाख से स्मारकों की करवाएगा वाशिंग और कोटिंग, किले के मुख्य द्वार पर काम शुरू, Dainik Bhaskar, 10 Dec 2018.

External links

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