Catholic Church in Africa
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The Catholic Church in Africa is part of the worldwide Catholic Church in full communion with the Holy See in Rome.
Christian activity in
However, the Islamic conquest in the 7th century resulted in a harsh decline for Christianity in Northern Africa.
Yet, at least outside the Islamic majority parts of Northern Africa, the presence of the Catholic Church has grown in the modern era, in Africa as a whole, one of the reasons being the French colonization of several countries in Africa.[1] Catholic Church membership rose from 2 million in 1900 to 140 million in 2000.[2] In 2005, the Catholic Church in Africa, including Eastern Catholic Churches, embraced approximately 135 million of the 809 million people in Africa. In 2009, when Pope Benedict XVI visited Africa, it was estimated at 158 million.[3] Most belong to the Latin Church, but there are also millions of members of the Eastern Catholic Churches. By 2025, one-sixth (230 million) of the world's Catholics are expected to be Africans.[4][5]
The world's largest seminary is in
History
Ancient era
Many important members of the early Church were from Africa, including
Under Islamic conquests and rule
Archaeological and scholarly research has shown that Christianity existed after the Muslim conquests, though the Catholic church gradually declined along with local Latin dialect.[9][10]
Many causes have been seen as to leading to the decline of Christianity in Maghreb. One of them is the constant wars and conquests as well as persecutions. In addition many Christians also migrated to Europe. The Church at that time lacked the backbone of a
Another view is that Christianity in North Africa ended soon after conquest of North Africa by the Islamic Umayyad Caliphate between AD 647–709 effectively.[13] However, new scholarship has appeared that disputes this. There are reports that Christianity persisted in the region from Tripolitania (present-day western Libya) to present-day Morocco for several centuries after the completion of the Arab conquest by 700. A Christian community is recorded in 1114 in Qal'a in central Algeria. There is also evidence of religious pilgrimages after 850 to tombs of Christian saints outside of the city of Carthage, and evidence of religious contacts with Christians of Arab Spain. In addition, calendrical reforms adopted in Europe at this time were disseminated amongst the indigenous Christians of Tunis, which would have not been possible had there been an absence of contact with Rome.
Local Catholicism came under pressure when the Muslim fundamentalist regimes of the
Another group of Christians who came to North Africa after being deported from Islamic Spain were called the
Christians in Morocco had mostly become slaves by the time of
Honorius III on 20 February 1226 told
The medieval Moroccan historian
Before the
Modern era
Another phase of Christianity in Africa began with the arrival of Portuguese in the 15th century.
Eastern Catholic Churches
The
Catholic monarchs
Despite prevalent republican governments in contemporary time, Africa has a tradition of Catholic monarchs, such as in the kingdoms of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi.
Modern African papabili
In 1920
Jenkins saw the
Jenkins states, "The prospect of a Black African pope understandably excites Christians of all political persuasions."
In the
Issues
Islamist persecution
Celibacy
Although
See also
- List of saints from Africa
- Catholic Church in Asia
- Catholic Church in Europe
- Catholic Church in North America
- Catholic Church in Latin America
- Catholic Church in Oceania
References
- ^ Seay, Laura (2019). "How did the Catholic Church respond to Africa's decolonization? This new book explains". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019.
- ^ The Catholic Explosion Archived 14 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Zenit News Agency, 11 November 2011
- ^ a b Rachel Donadio, "On Africa Trip, Pope Will Find Place Where Church Is Surging Amid Travail," New York Times, 16 March 2009.
- ^ David Barrett, International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 30, No 1, January 2006, 29.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
- ^ "Pubblicazione dell'Annuario Pontificio e dell'Annuario Statistico della Chiesa" [Publication of the Pontifical Yearbook and the Statistical Yearbook of the Church]. Sala Stampa della Santa Sede (in Italian). 25 March 2020. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
- America, 12 October 2009.
- ^ "Bona, Algeria". World Digital Library. 1899. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
- ^ Der Nahe und Mittlere Osten By Heinz Halm, page 99
- ^ Ancient African Christianity: An Introduction to a Unique Context and Tradition By David E. Wilhite, page 332-334
- ^ Ancient African Christianity: An Introduction to a Unique Context and Tradition By David E. Wilhite, page 336-338
- ^ The Disappearance of Christianity from North Africa in the Wake of the Rise of Islam C. J. Speel, II Church History, Vol. 29, No. 4 (December 1960), pp. 379–397
- ^ "Office of the President – Bethel University". Archived from the original on 2 February 2007.
- ^ Phillips, Fr Andrew. "The Last Christians Of North-West Africa: Some Lessons For Orthodox Today".
- ^ "citing Mohamed Talbi, "Le Christianisme maghrébin", in M. Gervers & R. Bikhazi, Indigenous Christian Communities in Islamic Lands; Toronto, 1990; pp. 344–345".
- ISBN 9789966150691.
- ^ ISBN 978-0812203066., page 117-20
- ISBN 978-0812203066.
- ISBN 9781843838098., page 103-104
- ISBN 9780521023351., page 103-104
- ISBN 9783487422169.
- ISBN 9781608331499.
- ISBN 9781137524812.
- ISBN 9004097910.
- ^ ISBN 0-19-514616-6.
- ^ Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 20 April 2008.
- ^ Carroll, Rory. 2003, 3 October. "The Guardian Profile: Francis Cardinal Arinze." The Guardian.
- ^ Andrew England (4 April 2005). "Kenyans pledge to carry on papal projects". Financial Times. Retrieved 20 April 2008.
- ^ Greg Watts (2 November 2007). "A mission to speak out of Africa". The Times. Retrieved 20 April 2008.
- ^ Le Bars, Stéphanie (12 March 2013). "Portraits de "papabili"". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved 21 August 2017.
- ^ Allen Jr., John L. (1 March 2013). "Papabile of the Day: The Men Who Could Be Pope". National Catholic Reporter. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
- ^ "The unstoppable rise of Cardinal Sarah". Catholic Herald. 10 March 2016. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
- ^ Lisa Miller (7 April 2010). "The trouble with celibacy". Newsweek. Retrieved 9 April 2010.