Chahar Province

Coordinates: 43°N 115°E / 43°N 115°E / 43; 115
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Chahar (

Chahar
Mongols.

province of the Republic of China
察哈爾省
Chahar Province
(1928–1948)
Capital Changyuan[a]
Total Area 278 957 km²

(107 706 sq mi)

Population 2 150 054
former province of the People's Republic of China
察哈尔省
Qahar Province
(1948-1952)
Capital Zhangjiakou

Administration and history

Chahar Province is named after the

Batumongke Dayan Khan (r. 1479–1517). By the Qing dynasty (1644–1912), Chahar was a "Zhangyuan Special Region" (張垣特區), although Yao Xiguang (姚錫光) proposed making Chahar a province as early as 1908.[1][2]

Republic of China era

In 1913, the second year of the

counties:[3]

  • Zhāngbèi (張北)
  • Duōlún (多倫)
  • Gǔyuán (沽源)
  • Shāngdū (商都)
  • Bǎochāng (寶昌)
  • Kāngbǎo (康保)
  • Xīnghé (興和)
  • Táolín (陶林)
  • Jíníng (集寧)
  • Fēngzhèn (豐鎮)
  • Liángchéng (涼城)

In 1928, it became a province. The last five counties on the above list (starting from Xinghe) were partitioned to

Hebei Province:[3]

  • Xuānhuà (宣化)
  • Chìchéng (赤城)
  • Wànquán (萬全)
  • Huáilái (懷來)
  • Yù (蔚)
  • Yángyuán (陽原)
  • Lóngguān (龍關)
  • Yánqìng (延慶)
  • Huái'ān (懷安)
  • Zhuōlù (涿鹿)

All banners belong to the Shilingol League (ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨᠭᠣᠤᠯ, 锡林郭勒盟).

From 1937 to 1945, it was occupied by Japan and made a part of Mengjiang, a Japanese-controlled region led by Mongol Prince Demchugdongrub of the Shilingol Alliance. The Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Army Alliance (察哈爾民眾抗日同盟軍) was established in Kalgan on May 26, 1933 by Feng Yuxiang (馮玉祥) and Ji Hongchang (吉鴻昌).

1948–1952

In 1952, six years after becoming communist, the province was abolished and divided into parts of

Beijing Municipality and Hebei
.

Name Administrative Seat Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Subdivisions
Zhangjiakou Zhangjiakou 张家口市 Zhāngjiākǒu Shì none
Datong Datong 大同市 Dàtóng Shì none
Yanbei Division Datong County 雁北专区 Yànběi Zhuānqū 13 counties
Qanan Division Xuanhua County 察南专区 Chánán Zhuānqū 11 counties
Qabei Division Zhangbei County 察北专区 Cháběi Zhuānqū 9 counties

Geography

Chahar Province was divided north-south by the Great Wall, with North Chahar being the larger in area and South Chahar, with the capital, Zhangjiakou, being far larger in population. It had an area of 278.957 km2 (107.706 sq mi). In North Chahar most of the land was part of the northeastern extension of the Gobi Desert.

Bordered

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Zhangjiakou Subprefecture (Chinese: 張家口廳; pinyin: Zhāngjiākǒu Tīng), also known as the Zhang Capital (Chinese: 張垣; pinyin: Zhāng Yuán), and referred in some older Western literature as Kalgan (Хаалга: Mongolian for gate). Now Zhangjiakou City, Hebei.

References

  1. OCLC 32634034
  2. OCLC 24615818
  3. ^ a b Aberle, David Friend; Vreeland, Herbert Harold (1957). Chahar and Dagor Mongol Bureaucratic Administration: 1912–1945 (2nd ed.). New Haven, Connecticut: HRAF Press. OCLC 7421313

43°N 115°E / 43°N 115°E / 43; 115

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