Coat of arms of Ukraine
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Ukrainian. (March 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
Coat of arms of Ukraine | |
---|---|
Earlier version(s) | |
Use | Ukrainian People's Republic (1918–1920) |
The coat of arms of Ukraine is a blue shield with a golden trident. It is colloquially known as the tryzub (Ukrainian: тризуб, pronounced [trɪˈzub], lit. 'trident').
The small coat of arms was officially adopted on 19 February 1992,[1] while constitutional provisions exist for establishing the great coat of arms, which is not yet officially adopted as of March 2024. The small coat of arms was designed by Andriy Grechylo, Oleksii Kokhan, and Ivan Turetskyi. It appears on the presidential standard. Blue-coloured tridents are considered to be an irregular representation by the Ukrainian Heraldry Society. The greater coat of arms which has not been adopted consists of the small coat of arms and the coat of arms of the Zaporizhian Host (Constitution of Ukraine, Article 20).
The trident was not thought of as a national symbol until 1917, when one of the most prominent Ukrainian historians,
During the Soviet period of 1919–1991 and independence between 1991 and 1992, the state symbols were consistent with the
Tryzub
The modern "trident" symbol was adopted as the coat of arms of the
It was stamped on the gold and silver coins issued by
-
The seal of Sviatoslav the Brave (945)
-
Coin ofVolodymyr the Great(980)
-
Coin of Yaroslav the Wise (1019)
-
The coat of arms of the Ukrainian People's Republic (1918)
-
The Greater coat of arms of the Ukrainian People's Republic, (1918)
-
Theheller stamp of Austria-Hungary
-
Color coat of arms
-
Black and white coat of arms
Historians have multiple interpretations of the origin of the symbol, including a
Falconry has been a royal sport in Europe for centuries. The gyrfalcon (known also as Norwegian falcon) was considered a royal bird and is mentioned (ukr.: рарог) in one of the earliest epics of Ruthenia, the 12th century poem The Tale of Igor's Campaign.
Later images of the trident ("tryzub") among the Rurikids resemble more a
Color standardization
Color scheme | Deep blue | Yellow |
---|---|---|
Pantone | Pantone Coated 2935 C | Pantone Coated Yellow 012 C[8] |
Lab
|
34.02, −2.19, −64.19[9] | 85.29, 5.18, 109.8[9] |
RAL | 5005[10] | 1023 Traffic yellow |
RGB
|
0, 87, 184[10][11] | 255, 215, 0[12] |
CMYK
|
100, 71, 0, 0 | 2, 12, 100, 0 |
HEX
|
#0057b8[10][11] | #ffd700 |
Websafe
|
#0066cc | #ffcc00 |
Other uses
The Tryzub is heavily used in the military heraldry to commemorate the participation on the
Three-fingered salute
A three-fingered hand salute is sometimes used to mimic the Tryzub;
History
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
The coat of arms for the Principality of Galicia–Volhynia, later the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as the Kingdom of Ruthenia, has existed since the 12th century. It consisted of a lion on an azure heater shield.[15] The Ruthenian lion first appears in the seal of the Ruthenian king Yurii I, dated to the beginning of the XIV century. There is an image of a monarch on a throne, and on the reverse, an armed horseman holding a shield with a lion on his hind leg, an example of equestrian seals common in Europe at the time. On the seal, there is an inscription in Latin: "Sigillum Domini Georgi Regis Rusie" (Seal of the owner of George-Yuri, King of Ruthenia), on the back: "Sigillum Domini Georgi Ducis Ladimerie" (seal of the owner of George-Yuri, prince of Lodomeria).
On the seal of his son Lev II, only a lion without a rider is depicted. The animal stands on its hind legs and reverses to the left.
Figures of lions as symbols of Ruthenia are found on the silver coins of the Lithuanian prince Lubart, the last ruler of the Kingdom of Ruthenia (1340–1383), and his son Fedor (1384–1387). We see the same motive on Ruthenian money, the issue of which continued during the reign in Ruthenia of the Polish king Casimir III (1349–1370), the Hungarian king Louis (1370–1372, 1378–1382) and his governor, Prince of Opolsk Vladislav (1372–1378).
After the occupation of Eastern Galicia by the Kingdom of Poland as a result of the
Kingdom of Ruthenia | |||
---|---|---|---|
Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Rus | Coat of arms of the Ruthenian Voivodeship | Coat of arms of the West Ukrainian People's Republic | Coat of arms of Lviv Oblast |
Cossack Hetmanate
A Cossack with a musket was an emblem of the
A Cossack with a rifle was restored by the
Zaporizhia
| |||
---|---|---|---|
Coat of arms of the Zaporizhian Host (Cossack Hetmanate) | Coat of arms of the Zaporizhian Host the Lower (Zaporizhian Cossacks) |
Designs by Heorhiy Narbut
Designs of the coat of arms of Ukraine by Heorhiy Narbut are projects of the State Coat of Arms of the Ukrainian State and the Great Coat of Arms of the Ukrainian State developed by the Ukrainian artist Heorhiy Narbut in 1918. Heorhiy Narbut took as a basis the national symbols of the hetman state of the Zaporizhzhia Army. On an octagonal blue shield, a Cossack dressed in gold ornamented robes was placed in the center.[16] Above the Cossack's shield rose a golden trident, the sign of Grand Duke Volodymyr. The Cossack was turned to the right, and around his shield was a silver cantush, painted in a floral baroque style. The trident gained popularity in the Ukrainian People's Republic, because it was depicted on the karbovanets coins introduced in December 1917.[17] The first coin of the Ukrainian People's Republic was 100 karbovanets. George Narbut used baroque elements and heraldic signs - the trident and coat of arms of the Kyiv Magistrate of the times of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the form of a crossbow. So the trident became a popular symbol and eventually turned into a small coat of arms of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Since January 22, 1919, the Trident was also used as the coat of arms of the Western region of the Ukrainian People's Republic. It remained the coat of arms of the hetman state of Pavlo Skoropadskyi, as well as the Directorate of Ukraine.
Grand Duchy of Ruthenia (Archistrategos Mykhaïl)
The importance of the Kyiv region coat of arms with
Ruthenia, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate, Russian Empire, Ukraine | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Coat of arms of Kyiv Land[18] | Coat of arms of Kijów Voivodeship | Coat of arms of Kyiv Regiment | Coat of arms of Kiev Governorate | Coat of arms of Kyiv City |
Proposed / Drafts | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Link to file Archived 2022-03-07 at the Wayback Machine |
||||
Coat of arms of the January Uprising | Bytynskyi coat of arms of Ukraine | Kokhan coat of arms of Ukraine[19] | Lypynsky's coat of arms (1917) |
Carpathian Ruthenia (Red bear)
The coat of arms was created after the end of the
Carpathian Ruthenia | |||
---|---|---|---|
Greater coat of arms of Czechoslovakia | Coat of arms of Carpatho-Ukraine | Coat of arms of the current Zakarpattia Oblast |
The coat of arms shows the Ukrainian tinctures (heraldic colours) of blue and gold in its first (dexter) field and a red bear on silver in its second field. The bear is perhaps a symbol of Carpathian wildlife. The horizontal lines (in heraldry called bars) could perhaps have been inspired by the partitions per fess in the coat of arms of Hungary, to which the territory had belonged.
The arms were also used by the short-lived state of Carpatho-Ukraine in 1939, but with the addition of the Ukrainian Tryzub in the uppermost blue field, used previously by the Ukrainian People's Republic. Since the territory is the same for the current Zakarpattia Oblast, the oblast uses the arms as its own minus the trident.
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
The coat of arms of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 14 March 1919, by the government of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and subsequently modified on 7 November 1928, 30 January 1937, and 21 November 1949. The coat of arms of 1949 is based on the coat of arms of the Soviet Union and features the hammer and sickle with a sunrise on a baroque styled shield crowned with the red star, and having ears of wheat on its outer rims.
The banner bears the Soviet Union state motto ("Workers of the world, unite!") in both the Ukrainian and Russian languages or Ukrainian only on some editions of the emblem. The name of the
After independence on 24 August 1991, Ukraine retained the Soviet emblem. The next year, in 1992, the emblem was changed to the present coat of arms of Ukraine, the tryzub (trident) coat of arms.
Emblem of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic | |||
---|---|---|---|
1919–1929 | 1929–1937 | 1937–1949 | 1949–1992 |
Other variations
Among other notable features are Archistratege
-
Sich Riflemen emblem on the cockade
-
Tryzub of Robert Lisovskyi
-
14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Ukrainian)with a lion and three crowns
-
City of Lviv in the Soviet Union (1967–1990)
-
Variation ofPogon Ruska for the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi in (1374–1796) until occupation of Podolia by Russian Empire
-
Variation ofPogon Ruska for the city of Nizhyn
-
Variation of Galician jackdaw with three crowns
Greater coat of arms
-
Mykola Bytynskyi's proposal
-
Mykola Bytynskyi's proposal
-
Mykola Bytynskyi's proposal
-
Mykhailo Hrushevskyi's proposal
-
1996 proposal
In 1917, President of the
In the current
Since
On 25 August 2020 the Verkhovna Rada instructed the Shmyhal Government to get an official Great Coat of Arms of Ukraine adopted in time for the 30th anniversary of Ukrainian independence.[21] On the day of the 30th anniversary of Ukrainian independence, 24 August 2021, the Verkhovna Rada adopted a law in its first reading that establishes an official Great Coat of Arms of Ukraine with 257 votes.[22]
Commonwealth of Nations
Read more: Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Nations
Before the formation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Russia in the symbolism of the Polish monarchs was represented by the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Rus. The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Rus (part of the Kingdom of Poland 1340-1434), later of the Voivodeship of Rus (1434-1772) was a golden crowned lion climbing a rock on a blue field.
Belz (1462—1793), Podil (1434—1793), and Podlaskie Voivodeships (1513—1795) of the Kingdom of Poland had their own symbols.
-
Coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
-
Coat of arms of Belz Voivodeship
-
Coat of arms of Brest Voivodeship
-
Coat of arms of the Volyn Voivodeship
-
Coat of arms of the Ruthenian Voivodeship
-
Coat of arms of Kyiv Voivodeship
-
Coat of arms of the Podil Voivodeship
-
Coat of arms of Chernihiv Voivodeship
See also
- Armorial of Ukraine
- National symbols of Ukraine
- Symbols of the Rurikids
- Columns of Gediminas
- Cossack with musket
- Flag of Ukraine
- Trishula, Trident of Poseidon
References
- ^ "Про Державний герб України". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
- ^ Brook 154
- ^ Franklin & Shepard 120–21
- ^ Pritsak, Weights 78–79.
- ISBN 9781317602149.
- ^ a b Coat of arms of Rurik found in Ladoga. (in Russian)
- ^ Rurik (Norse leader) Britannica Online Encyclopedia
- Київ: Держспоживстандарт України. p. 7.
- ^ a b "Colour fans, cards and swatches". Archived from the original on August 3, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ a b c "Pantone Coated 2935 C". Archived from the original on July 29, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ a b "All Pantone C colors with HEX and RGB codes". Archived from the original on October 31, 2017. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ "Pantone Coated Yellow 012 C". Archived from the original on January 23, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
- ^ "Orange Revolution serves as a model for public school students in the South Bronx". The Ukrainian Weekly. September 4, 2005. Archived from the original on December 1, 2008. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
- ^ a b Tadeusz Olszański, Svoboda party – the new phenomenon on the Ukrainian right-wing scene Archived April 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Centre for Eastern Studies (July 5, 2011)
- ^ a b History of Galician coat of arms: jackdaw, lion or something totally different (Історія галицького герба: галка, лев, чи щось кардинально інше?). Spravzhnia Varta. 11 June 2019
- S2CID 243172381.
- S2CID 214314690.
- ^ Ревізія геральдики: навіщо Україні великий герб (The Heraldry audit: Why Ukraine needs a Great Coat of Arms). chytomo.com. 28 August 2020
- ^ "Choice for great state emblem of Ukraine draws criticism".
- ^ Constitution of Ukraine, Article 20.
- ^ Ukrayinska Pravda(25 August 2020)
- ^ BBC Ukrainian(26 August 2021)
- Pritsak, Omeljan (1998). The Origins of the Old Rus' Weights and Monetary Systems. ISBN 0-916458-48-2.
- Zhukovsky, Arkadii (1993). "Trident (tryzub)". Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Vol. 5. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
Further reading
- Леонід К. В справі герба України. — Київ : Видавництво „Шлях“, 1918. — 8 с.
- Все про світ. Країни. Прапори. Герби: енциклопедичний довідник / [відповідальний за випуск М. Ілляш]. — К. : Школа, 2001. — 622 с. ISBN 966-7657-79-5.
- Ґречило А. Українська територіальна геральдика. — Львів, 2010. — 280 с. (ISBN 978-966-02-5259-2)
- Гай-Нижник П. П. З історії створення державного герба та печатки Української держави Павла Скоропадського // Архіви України. — № 6, 2001
- Ґречило А. Становлення українських національно-державних символів у 1917—1920 роках // Записки наукового товариства ім. Шевченка. — Львів, 2006. — Т. CCLII. — С. 114—142.
External links
- Official specification (Ukrainian)
- Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Resolution № 2137-XII of 19.02.1992 on the Coat of Arms of Ukraine(Ukrainian) Archived 2022-04-17 at the Wayback Machine