Din (Arabic)
Part of a series on |
Islam and Iman |
---|
Individuals |
Groups |
|
Terms |
|
Dīn (
In Islamic terminology, the word refers to the way of life Muslims must adopt to comply with
Etymology
Part of a series on |
Islam |
---|
According to
The Arabic dīn "judgement, debt, etc.." has Semitic
The Arabic sense of judgment is likely analogous to the Hebraeo-Aramaic cognate root.
Use in Islam
It has been said that the word Dīn appears in as many as 79 verses in the Qur'an,
Some Qur'anic scholars have translated Dīn in places as "faith".[12] Others suggest that the term "has been used in various forms and meanings, e.g., system, power, supremacy, ascendancy, sovereignty or lordship, dominion, law, constitution, mastery, government, realm, decision, definite outcome, reward and punishment. On the other hand, this word is also used in the sense of obedience, submission and allegiance".[13]
In addition to the two broad usages referred to so far, of sovereignty on the one hand and submission on the other, others have noted[14] that the term Dīn is also widely used in translations of the Qur'an in a third sense. Most famously in its opening chapter, al-Fātiḥah, the term is translated in almost all English translations as "judgment":
1:3 مَٰلِكِ يَوْمِ ٱلدِّينِ transliterated as "Maliki yawmi ad-Dīni," and (usually) translated as "Master of the Day of Judgment".
The well-known Islamic scholar, Fazlur Rahman Malik, suggested that Dīn is best considered as "the way-to-be-followed". In that interpretation, Dīn is the exact correlate of
In many hadith, the din has been described as a midway lifestyle:
Narrated Abu Huraira, the Prophet said, "Religion (Dīn) is very easy and whoever overburdens himself in his religion will not be able to continue in that way. So you should not be extremists, but try to be near to perfection and receive the good tidings that you will be rewarded; and gain strength by worshipping in the mornings, the nights."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 1:2:38, (Fath-ul-Bari, Page 102, Vol 1)
See also
- Taqwa
- Daena
- List of Islamic terms in Arabic
- Sharia
- Christian worldview
- Halakha
- Kabbalah
- Wasatiyyah (Islamic term)
References
- ^ .
- ^ John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). "Din". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019.
- ^ a b c d Jeffery, Arthur (1938). The Foreign Vocabulary Of The Quran (Gaekwad's Oriental Series; 79). Baroda: Oriental Institute. pp. 133 seqq.
- JSTOR 4030944.
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (6 June 2016), On the (Middle) Iranian borrowings in Qur'ānic (and pre-Islamic) Arabic, retrieved 29 December 2022 – via HAL-SHS
- ^ "The Ten Sefirot: Din, Gevurah". Jewish Virtual Library. Archived from the original on 30 November 2016.
- ^ Fox, Tamar. "The Beit Din". My Jewish Learning. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020.
- ^ Reiss, Jonathan (Winter 1999). "Jewish Divorce and the Role of Beit Din". Jewish Action. Jewish Law. Archived from the original on 7 December 2022.
- ISBN 0-87950-003-4.
- ^ Gulam Ahmed Parwez, "Exposition of the Qur'an", p. 12, Tolu-E-Islam Trust
- ^ For instance, translations of the Qur'an by Marmaduke Pickthall, Shakir, and others
- ^ For instance, the translation by Abdullah Yusuf Ali, 60:9
- ^ Lugh’at-ul-Quran, Ghulam Ahmed Parwez, Tolu-e-Islam Trust, 1941
- ^ "Let Us Be Muslims, Abu Ala Maududi U.K.I.M. Dawah Center, 1960
- ^ a b Rahman F, Islam, p. 100, University of Chicago Press, 1979