Duchy of Troppau
Duchy of Troppau | |||||||||
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| 1269–1918 | |||||||||
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Moravia | 1269 | ||||||||
• Personal union with Racibórz | 1337 | ||||||||
• Partitioned from Racibórz | 1377 | ||||||||
• Further partitions | 1424, 1433 and 1452 | ||||||||
• Directly to Bohemia | 1462 | ||||||||
• Northern part to Prussia | 1742 | ||||||||
• abolished | 1918 | ||||||||
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| Today part of | |||||||||
The Principality of Opava (Czech: Opavské knížectví; Polish: Księstwo Opawskie) or Duchy of Troppau (German: Herzogtum Troppau) was a historic territory split off from the Margraviate of Moravia before 1269[1] by King Ottokar II of Bohemia to provide for his natural son, Nicholas I. The Opava territory thus had not been part of the original Polish Duchy of Silesia in 1138, and was first ruled by an illegitimate offshoot of the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty, not by the Silesian Piasts like many of the neighbouring Silesian duchies. Its capital was Opava (Troppau) in the modern-day Czech Republic.
From 1337 onwards, the Přemyslid dukes also ruled the adjacent former Piast
History
Opava was initially established as a Moravian province under the rule of King Ottokar's son Nicholas I, who first appeared as a "Lord of Opava" (
Upon the extinction of the royal branch of the Přemyslid dynasty and the subsequent turmoil around the Bohemian throne, Henry of Carinthia gave Opava in pawn to the Silesian duke Bolesław III the Generous. When finally in 1310 the mighty House of Luxembourg ascended to the throne, it was redeemed by King John of Bohemia in 1311. Opava was officially raised to a duchy in 1318 and was confirmed as a fief for Nicholas' son Duke Nicholas II by King John,[2] who soon had to fend off the Hungarian troops of King Casimir III of Poland.[3] The conjunction with Silesia was accomplished when Duke Nicholas II married Anna of Racibórz, sister of the Piast Duke Leszek of Racibórz, also a Bohemian vassal since 1327. When Leszek died without heirs in 1336, King John vested his brother-in-law Nicholas II with the Silesian Duchy of Racibórz (Ratibor, Ratiboř), whereafter he ruled both duchies in personal union until his death in 1365, when his eldest son John I succeeded him.
In 1377, Duke John I again separated Opava from the duchies of
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In 1506 King
In 1742, in the course of the First Silesian War and the Treaty of Breslau, the Duchy was divided once more, with the part north of the Opava River including Głubczyce (Leobschütz, Hlubčice) and Hlučín (Hultschin) becoming part of Prussia. The southern part with Krnov, Bruntál (Freudenthal), Fulnek and Opava itself remained part of Austrian Silesia, a crown land of the Austrian Empire from 1804.
The Austrian Duchy of Troppau ceased to exist when the
See also
- Dukes of Silesia
Literature
- ^ https://books.google.com/books?lr=&q=%22von+troppau%22+1269&start=10&as_brr=3 [bare URL]
- ^ Hans Ferdinand Helmolt: The World's History: A Survey of Man's Record, 1907, [1]
- ^ Geary, Patrick J.: Readings in Medieval History
- ^ Prince Karl I Archived 9 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- Seidl, Elmar: Das Troppauer Land zwischen den fünf Südgrenzen Schlesiens – Grundzüge der politischen und territorialen Geschichte bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Berlin: Gebr. Mann. ISBN 3-7861-1626-1 [2]
External links
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