Margraviate of Moravia
![]() | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (March 2023) |
Margraviate of Moravia | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1182–1918 | |||||||||
Slovakian | |||||||||
Religion |
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Margraviate | |||||||||
Margrave | |||||||||
• 1182–1191 (first) | Conrad II of Bohemia | ||||||||
• 1916–1918 (last) | Charles I of Austria | ||||||||
Legislature | Provincial Diet | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Established | 1182 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1918 | ||||||||
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Today part of |
The Margraviate of Moravia (Czech: Markrabství moravské; German: Markgrafschaft Mähren) was one of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown within the Holy Roman Empire and then Austria-Hungary, existing from 1182 to 1918. It was officially administered by a margrave in cooperation with a provincial diet. It was variously a de facto independent state, and also subject to the Duchy, later the Kingdom of Bohemia. It comprised the historical region called Moravia, which lies within the present-day Czech Republic.
Geography
The Margraviate lay east of Bohemia proper, with an area about half that region's size. In the north, the Sudeten Mountains, which extend to the Moravian Gate, formed the border with the Polish Duchy of Silesia, incorporated as a Bohemian crown land upon the 1335 Treaty of Trentschin. In the east and southeast, the western Carpathian Mountains separated it from present-day Slovakia. In the south, the winding Thaya River marked the border with the Duchy of Austria.
.History
After the early medieval
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Moravsk%C3%BD_zemsk%C3%BD_sn%C4%9Bm.gif/170px-Moravsk%C3%BD_zemsk%C3%BD_sn%C4%9Bm.gif)
In 1182, the Margraviate was created at the behest of Emperor
In 1469, Moravia was occupied by the
With the other lands of the Bohemian Crown, the Margraviate was incorporated into the Habsburg monarchy upon the death of King Louis II in the 1526 Battle of Mohács. Moravia was ruled as a crown land within the Austrian Empire from 1804 and within Cisleithanian Austria from 1867.[3]
During the foundation of
Government
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Moravsk%C3%A1_zemsk%C3%A1_sn%C4%9Bmovna_%28dnes_%C3%9Astavn%C3%AD_soud_%C4%8CR%29_%2802%29.jpg/170px-Moravsk%C3%A1_zemsk%C3%A1_sn%C4%9Bmovna_%28dnes_%C3%9Astavn%C3%AD_soud_%C4%8CR%29_%2802%29.jpg)
The margrave held ultimate authority in Moravia, throughout the history of the margraviate. This meant that as its margraves became more foreign, so too did governance of the margraviate.
Moravia possessed a legislature, known as the
The power of this diet waxed and waned throughout history. By the end of the margraviate, the diet was almost powerless. The diet consisted of three
Moravian eagle
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Moravia_coat_of_arms.jpg/170px-Moravia_coat_of_arms.jpg)
The coat of arms of Moravia is charged with a crowned silver-red chequered eagle with golden claws and tongue. It first appeared in the seal of Margrave Přemysl (1209–1239), a younger son of King Ottokar I of Bohemia. After 1462, the Moravian eagle was gold-red chequered,[2] but was never accepted by the Moravian assembly.
Administration
Until 1848
In the mid 14th century Emperor Charles IV, also King of Bohemia and Margrave of Moravia, established administrative divisions called kraje (Kreise in German). These subdivisions were named for their capitals:
After 1848
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Morava.1897.jpeg/220px-Morava.1897.jpeg)
After the
- Brünner Kreis (Brněnský kraj) – 12 districts:
- Brünn
- Trübau
- Boskowitz
- Witschau
- Gaya
- Auspitz
- Iglau
- Datschitz
- Znaym [sic]
- Kromau
- Nikolsburg
- Olmützer Kreis (Olomoucký kraj) – 13 districts:
- Olmütz
- Sternberg
- Schönberg
- Hohenstadt
- Littau
- Neutitschein
- Weißkirchen
- Wistek
- Wallachisch-Meseritsch
- Hradisch
- Kremsier
- Holleschau
- Ungarischbrod [sic]
In Bach's reforms of 1854 the former kraje were restored (albeit with some minor border changes and with Nový Jičín (Neutitschein) replacing Přerov) and the political districts were replaced by 'office districts' (Amtsbezirke), subordinate to the kraje which distributed some of their authority. The Moravian capital Brno/Brünn acted as the seat for Kreis Brünn/Brněnský kraj but as a statutory city was directly subordinate to Moravia.[7]
- Kreis Brünn (Brněnský kraj) – 17 districts:
- Auspitz
- Austerlitz
- Blansko
- Boskowitz
- Brünn (environs)
- Butschowitz
- Eibenschitz
- Gewitsch
- Klobauk
- Kunstadt
- Lundenburg
- Seelowitz
- Steinitz
- Titschnowitz
- Triebau
- Wischau
- Zwittau
- Kreis Olmütz (Olomoucký kraj) – 17 districts:
- Altstadt
- Hof
- Hohenstadt
- Kojetein
- Littau
- Müglitz
- Mährisch-Naustadt
- Olmütz (environs)
- Plumenau
- Prerau
- Proßnitz
- Römerstadt
- Schildberg
- Schönberg
- Sternberg
- Weisenberg
- Olmütz (city)
- Kreis Neutitschein – 13 districts:
- Bystřitz
- Frankstadt
- Freiberg
- Fulnek
- Leipnitz
- Liebau
- Walachisch-Meseritsch
- Mistek
- Neutitschein
- Mährisch-Ostrau
- Rožnau
- Weißkirchen
- Wsetin
- Kreis Hradisch (Hradišťský kraj) – 12 districts:
- Ungarisch-Brod
- Gaya
- Göding
- Holleschau
- Hradisch
- Klobauk
- Kremsier
- Rapajedl
- Ungarisch-Ostra
- Stražnitz
- Wisowitz
- Zdaunek
- Kreis Znaim (Znojemský kraj) – 9 districts:
- Mährisch-Budwitz
- Frain
- Hrottowitz
- Jamnitz
- Joslowitz
- Kromau
- Namiescht
- Nikolsburg
- Znaim
- Kreis Iglau (Jihlavský kraj) – 8 districts:
- Bystřitz
- Datschitz
- Iglau
- Groß-Meseritsch
- Neustadtl
- Saar
- Teltsch
- Trebitsch
In 1860 the Kreise/kraje were dissolved and the districts were subordinated directly to the Statthalterei in Brünn/Brno.[8]
Political districts were re-established in the December Constitution following the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and remained in place until Austria-Hungary's dissolution. They were largely retained by the Czechoslovak administration after 1918:
- Boskovice
- Brno
- Dačice
- Hodonín
- Holešov
- Hranice na Moravě
- Hustopeče
- Jihlava
- Kroměříž
- Kyjov
- Litovel
- Mikulov
- Místek
- Moravská Třebová
- Moravské Budějovice
- Moravský Beroun
- Moravský Krumlov
- Nové Město na Moravě
- Nový Jičín
- Olomouc
- Ostrava
- Přerov
- Prostějov
- Rýmařov
- Šternberk
- Šumperk
- Tišnov
- Třebíč
- Uherské Hradiště
- Uherský Brod
- Valašské Meziříčí
- Velké Meziříčí
- Vsetín
- Vyškov
- Zábřeh
- Znojmo
Demographics
The region experienced rapid population growth when it was part of Austria-Hungary. From 1890 to 1900 alone there was an increase of 7.1%. The population development from 1851 to 1900 was as follows:
Year | 1851 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 |
Population | 1,799,838 | 2,153,407 | 2,276,870 | 2,437,706 |
Ethnicity
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Verwaltungsgliederung_M%C3%A4hren-Schlesien_1938.svg/284px-Verwaltungsgliederung_M%C3%A4hren-Schlesien_1938.svg.png)
In terms of ethnicity, the population was predominantly divided between Czechs and Germans. The German minority mostly lived on the borders with Lower Austria and Silesia, and in various language islands (around Brünn, Olmütz, Iglau and Zwittau), as well as in some larger cities. The ethnic distribution according to the census was as follows:
Ethnicity | 1880 | 1900 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Czechs | 1,507,327 | 70.0% | 1,727,270 | 70.9% |
Germans | 628,907 | 29.2% | 675,492 | 27.7% |
Others | 17,173 | 0.8% | 34,944 | 1.4% |
Total | 2,153,407 | 2,437,706 |
Population by district (1910)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Ethnic_distribution_in_Moravia%2C_1910.png/200px-Ethnic_distribution_in_Moravia%2C_1910.png)
Judicial district | Czech name | Political district (Politischer Bezirk) | Population | Germans | % | Czechs | % | Others | % | Foreigners | % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Auspitz | Hustopeč | Auspitz | 24,506 | 10,319 | 42.1% | 14,128 | 57.7% | 1 | 0.0% | 58 | 0.2% |
Austerlitz | Slavkov | Wischau | 33,604 | 808 | 2.4% | 32,679 | 97.2% | 6 | 0.0% | 111 | 0.3% |
Blansko | Blansko | Boskowitz | 34,816 | 186 | 0.5% | 34,584 | 99.3% | 1 | 0.0% | 45 | 0.1% |
Bojkowitz | Bojkovice | Ungarisch Brod | 13,816 | 11 | 0.1% | 13,673 | 99.0% | 7 | 0.1% | 125 | 0.9% |
Boskowitz | Boskovice | Boskowitz | 30,762 | 981 | 3.2% | 29,724 | 96.6% | 6 | 0.0% | 51 | 0.2% |
Brünn | Brno | Brünn | 125,737 | 81,617 | 64.9% | 41,943 | 33.4% | 214 | 0.2% | 1,963 | 1.6% |
Brünn Umgebung | Brno okolí | Brünn (Landbezirk) | 125,828 | 14,702 | 11.7% | 110,457 | 87.8% | 80 | 0.1% | 589 | 0.5% |
Butschowitz | Bučovice | Wischau | 19,922 | 144 | 0.7% | 19,734 | 99.1% | 2 | 0.0% | 42 | 0.2% |
Bystřitz | Bystřice | Neustadtl in Mähren | 21,762 | 39 | 0.2% | 21,700 | 99.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 23 | 0.1% |
Bystřitz am Hostein | Bystřice pod Hostýnem | Holleschau | 21,944 | 144 | 0.7% | 21,687 | 98.8% | 8 | 0.0% | 105 | 0.5% |
Datschitz | Dačice | Datschitz | 13,075 | 176 | 1.3% | 12,893 | 98.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 6 | 0.0% |
Eibenschitz | Ivančice | Brünn (Landbezirk) | 36,665 | 2,087 | 5.7% | 34,461 | 94.0% | 7 | 0.0% | 110 | 0.3% |
Frain | Vranov | Znaim (Landbezirk) | 9,123 | 7,920 | 86.8% | 1,157 | 12.7% | 8 | 0.1% | 38 | 0.4% |
Frankstadt | Frenštát | Mistek | 19,087 | 85 | 0.4% | 18,864 | 98.8% | 53 | 0.3% | 85 | 0.4% |
Freiberg | Příbor | Neutitschein | 25,710 | 6,877 | 26.7% | 18,524 | 72.0% | 89 | 0.3% | 220 | 0.9% |
Fulnek | Fulnek | Neutitschein | 14,771 | 13,960 | 94.5% | 630 | 4.3% | 58 | 0.4% | 123 | 0.8% |
Gaya | Kyjov | Gaya | 39,836 | 884 | 2.2% | 38,728 | 97.2% | 7 | 0.0% | 217 | 0.5% |
Gewitsch | Jevíčko | Mährisch Trübau | 21,898 | 3,024 | 13.8% | 18,849 | 86.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 25 | 0.1% |
Göding | Hodonín | Göding | 35,510 | 5,369 | 15.1% | 28,813 | 81.1% | 63 | 0.2% | 1,265 | 3.6% |
Großbittesch | Velká Byteš | Großmeseritsch | 12,946 | 23 | 0.2% | 12,918 | 99.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 5 | 0.0% |
Großmeseritsch | Velké Meziříčí | Großmeseritsch | 28,253 | 189 | 0.7% | 28,045 | 99.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 19 | 0.1% |
Hof | Dvorec | Bärn | 12,293 | 12,203 | 99.3% | 20 | 0.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 70 | 0.6% |
Hohenstadt | Zábřeh | Hohenstadt | 31,071 | 9,954 | 32.0% | 21,042 | 67.7% | 1 | 0.0% | 74 | 0.2% |
Holleschau | Holešov | Holleschau | 32,225 | 440 | 1.4% | 31,657 | 98.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 128 | 0.4% |
Hrottowitz | Hrotovice | Mährisch Kromau | 15,704 | 80 | 0.5% | 15,598 | 99.3% | 6 | 0.0% | 20 | 0.1% |
Iglau | Jihlava | Iglau (Landbezirk), Iglau (Stadt) | 53,513 | 27,886 | 52.1% | 25,380 | 47.4% | 14 | 0.0% | 233 | 0.4% |
Jamnitz | Jemnice | Mährisch Budwitz | 13,709 | 3,406 | 24.8% | 10,272 | 74.9% | 10 | 0.1% | 21 | 0.2% |
Joslowitz | Jaroslavice | Znaim (Landbezirk) | 24,043 | 23,694 | 98.5% | 280 | 1.2% | 4 | 0.0% | 65 | 0.3% |
Klobouk | Klobouky | Auspitz | 14,282 | 50 | 0.4% | 14,194 | 99.4% | 1 | 0.0% | 37 | 0.3% |
Kojetein | Kojetín | Prerau | 31,010 | 225 | 0.7% | 30,348 | 97.9% | 33 | 0.1% | 404 | 1.3% |
Konitz | Konice | Littau | 23,179 | 5,329 | 23.0% | 17,842 | 77.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 8 | 0.0% |
Kremsier | Kroměříž | Kremsier (Land), Kremsier (Stadt) | 42,496 | 893 | 2.1% | 41,388 | 97.4% | 49 | 0.1% | 166 | 0.4% |
Kunstadt | Kunštát | Boskowitz | 25,335 | 73 | 0.3% | 25,248 | 99.7% | 2 | 0.0% | 12 | 0.0% |
Leipnik | Lipník | Mährisch Weißkirchen | 23,182 | 3,512 | 15.1% | 19,503 | 84.1% | 22 | 0.1% | 145 | 0.6% |
Littau | Litovel | Littau | 26,121 | 1,125 | 4.3% | 24,967 | 95.6% | 7 | 0.0% | 22 | 0.1% |
Lundenburg | Břeclav | Göding | 31,699 | 5,370 | 16.9% | 25,860 | 81.6% | 5 | 0.0% | 464 | 1.5% |
Mährisch Altstadt | Staré Město | Mährisch Schönberg | 15,511 | 15,429 | 99.5% | 38 | 0.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 44 | 0.3% |
Mährisch Budwitz | Moravské Budějovice | Mährisch Budwitz | 25,839 | 169 | 0.7% | 25,639 | 99.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 31 | 0.1% |
Mährisch Kromau | Moravský Krumlov | Mährisch Kromau | 26,911 | 11,595 | 43.1% | 15,259 | 56.7% | 1 | 0.0% | 56 | 0.2% |
Mährisch Neustadt | Unčov | Sternberg | 24,567 | 20,136 | 82.0% | 4,373 | 17.8% | 1 | 0.0% | 57 | 0.2% |
Mährisch Ostrau | Moravská Ostrava | Mährisch Ostrau | 111,186 | 43,246 | 38.9% | 52,254 | 47.0% | 12,906 | 11.6% | 2,780 | 2.5% |
Mährisch Schönberg | Šumperk | Mährisch Schönberg | 50,348 | 38,179 | 75.8% | 11,814 | 23.5% | 59 | 0.1% | 296 | 0.6% |
Mährisch Trübau | Moravská Třebová | Mährisch Trübau | 29,996 | 27,926 | 93.1% | 1,943 | 6.5% | 7 | 0.0% | 120 | 0.4% |
Mährisch Weißkirchen | Hranice | Mährisch Weißkirchen | 35,465 | 8,701 | 24.5% | 26,345 | 74.3% | 141 | 0.4% | 278 | 0.8% |
Mistek | Místek | Mistek | 36,917 | 3,457 | 9.4% | 32,990 | 89.4% | 200 | 0.5% | 270 | 0.7% |
Müglitz | Mohelnice | Hohenstadt | 23,360 | 13,993 | 59.9% | 9,209 | 39.4% | 74 | 0.3% | 84 | 0.4% |
Namiest an der Oslawa | Náměšť nad Oslavou | Trebitsch | 15,711 | 67 | 0.4% | 15,636 | 99.5% | 0 | 0.0% | 8 | 0.1% |
Napajedl | Napajedla | Ungarisch Hradisch | 29,861 | 38 | 0.1% | 29,696 | 99.4% | 7 | 0.0% | 120 | 0.4% |
Neustadtl in Mähren | Nové Město na Moravě | Neustadtl in Mähren | 22,297 | 31 | 0.1% | 22,246 | 99.8% | 1 | 0.0% | 19 | 0.1% |
Neutitschein | Nový Jičín | Neutitschein | 44,764 | 23,976 | 53.6% | 20,400 | 45.6% | 71 | 0.2% | 317 | 0.7% |
Nikolsburg | Mikulov | Nikolsburg | 33,030 | 31,619 | 95.7% | 597 | 1.8% | 683 | 2.1% | 131 | 0.4% |
Olmütz | Olomouc | Olmütz (Land), Olmütz (Stadt) | 103,280 | 30,987 | 30.0% | 70,645 | 68.4% | 934 | 0.9% | 714 | 0.7% |
Plumenau | Plumlov | Proßnitz | 23,738 | 84 | 0.4% | 23,640 | 99.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 14 | 0.1% |
Pohrlitz | Pohořelice | Nikolsburg | 16,021 | 15,292 | 95.4% | 654 | 4.1% | 2 | 0.0% | 73 | 0.5% |
Prerau | Přerov | Prerau | 47,174 | 1,635 | 3.5% | 45,250 | 95.9% | 59 | 0.1% | 230 | 0.5% |
Proßnitz | Prostějov | Proßnitz | 57,735 | 2,407 | 4.2% | 54,839 | 95.0% | 181 | 0.3% | 308 | 0.5% |
Römerstadt | Rýmařov | Römerstadt | 28,497 | 28,355 | 99.5% | 4 | 0.0% | 25 | 0.1% | 113 | 0.4% |
Rožnau am Radhorst | Rožnov pod Radhoštěm | Wallachisch Meseritsch | 20,178 | 29 | 0.1% | 20,118 | 99.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 31 | 0.2% |
Saar | Žďár | Neustadtl in Mähren | 14,383 | 30 | 0.2% | 14,330 | 99.6% | 1 | 0.0% | 22 | 0.2% |
Schildberg | Šilperk | Hohenstadt | 16,388 | 9,150 | 55.8% | 7,194 | 43.9% | 2 | 0.0% | 42 | 0.3% |
Seelowitz | Židlochovice | Auspitz | 30,980 | 2,476 | 8.0% | 28,454 | 91.8% | 5 | 0.0% | 45 | 0.1% |
Stadt Liebau | Město Libavá | Bärn | 17,347 | 17,285 | 99.6% | 28 | 0.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 34 | 0.2% |
Steinitz | Ždánice | Gaya | 14,814 | 205 | 1.4% | 14,567 | 98.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 42 | 0.3% |
Sternberg | Šternberk | Sternberg | 36,123 | 28,018 | 77.6% | 7,982 | 22.1% | 5 | 0.0% | 118 | 0.3% |
Straßnitz | Strážnice | Göding | 26,425 | 427 | 1.6% | 25,744 | 97.4% | 2 | 0.0% | 252 | 1.0% |
Teltsch | Telč | Datschitz | 26,137 | 95 | 0.4% | 25,982 | 99.4% | 0 | 0.0% | 60 | 0.2% |
Tischnowitz | Tišnov | Tischnowitz | 35,406 | 264 | 0.7% | 35,044 | 99.0% | 18 | 0.1% | 80 | 0.2% |
Trebitsch | Třebíč | Trebitsch | 40,832 | 837 | 2.0% | 39,919 | 97.8% | 6 | 0.0% | 70 | 0.2% |
Triesch | Třešť | Iglau (Landbezirk) | 14,249 | 160 | 1.1% | 14,057 | 98.7% | 2 | 0.0% | 30 | 0.2% |
Ungarisch Brod | Uherský Brod | Ungarisch Brod | 36,954 | 706 | 1.9% | 35,929 | 97.2% | 11 | 0.0% | 308 | 0.8% |
Ungarisch Hradisch | Uherské Hradiště | Ungarisch Hradisch (Land), Ungarisch Hradisch (Stadt) | 41,354 | 100 | 0.2% | 41,129 | 99.5% | 1 | 0.0% | 124 | 0.3% |
Ungarisch Ostra | Uherský Ostroh | Ungarisch Hradisch | 46,528 | 469 | 1.0% | 45,846 | 98.5% | 7 | 0.0% | 206 | 0.4% |
Wallachisch Klobouk | Valašské Klobouky | Ungarisch Brod | 26,419 | 101 | 0.4% | 25,784 | 97.6% | 41 | 0.2% | 493 | 1.9% |
Wallachisch Meseritsch | Valašské Meziříčí | Wallachisch Meseritsch | 24,657 | 319 | 1.3% | 24,224 | 98.2% | 15 | 0.1% | 99 | 0.4% |
Wiesenberg | Viesenberk | Mährisch Schönberg | 14,525 | 14,465 | 99.6% | 7 | 0.0% | 4 | 0.0% | 49 | 0.3% |
Wischau | Vyškov | Wischau | 43,545 | 3,486 | 8.0% | 39,976 | 91.8% | 6 | 0.0% | 77 | 0.2% |
Wisowitz | Vizovice | Holleschau | 23,469 | 2 | 0.0% | 23,223 | 99.0% | 90 | 0.4% | 154 | 0.7% |
Wsetin | Vsetín | Wsetin | 42,976 | 214 | 0.5% | 42,250 | 98.3% | 22 | 0.1% | 490 | 1.1% |
Zdounek | Zdounky | Kremsier (Landbezirk) | 22,368 | 92 | 0.4% | 22,241 | 99.4% | 4 | 0.0% | 31 | 0.1% |
Zlabings | Slavonice | Datschitz | 10,090 | 9,322 | 92.4% | 734 | 7.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 34 | 0.3% |
Znaim | Znojmo | Znaim (Land), Znaim | 61,866 | 42,253 | 68.3% | 18,339 | 29.6% | 52 | 0.1% | 1,222 | 2.0% |
Zwittau | Svitavy | Mährisch Trübau | 28,197 | 27,339 | 97.0% | 767 | 2.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 91 | 0.3% |
Rulers of Moravia
- Part of Great Moravia (c. 820–907)
Dukes in Moravia (907-1182)
Přemyslid dynasty as Duke of Bohemia (907-999)
Ruler | Born | Reign | Death | Consort | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spytihněv I | ![]() |
882 | 907–915 | 915 | Unmarried | First son of Bořivoj I and Ludmila of Bohemia. He restored Bohemian sovereignty in 894, than ruled from 907 over the territory of Moravia too. |
Vratislaus I | ![]() |
888 | 915–921 | 13 February 921 | Drahomíra three children |
Second son of Bořivoj I and Ludmila of Bohemia. |
Wenceslaus I | ![]() |
907 | 921–929/935 | 28 September 929/935 | Unmarried | Known as St. Wenceslaus ("Good King Wenceslas" for English-speaking people), the patron saint of the Czech lands. He was the first son of Vratislaus I and Drahomíra. His rule started with the regencies of Ludmila of Bohemia (921) and Drahomíra (921–925) |
Boleslaus I the Cruel |
![]() |
915 | 929/935-972 | July 972 | Biagota four children |
Assassinated his brother to ascend to the ducal throne. He was the second son of Vratislaus I and Drahomíra. |
Boleslaus II the Pious |
![]() |
940 | 972-999 | 7 February 999 | Adiva (of England?) four children Emma of Mělník (Emma of Italy (?)) 989 no children |
Son of Boleslaus I and Biagota. He lost Moravia against Poland. |
Piast dynasty as Duke of Poland (999-1019)
Ruler | Born | Reign | Death | Consort | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boleslaus III the Brave |
![]() |
967 | 999-1002 1003-1019 |
17 June 1025 | Oda/Hunilda Judith of Hungary one child Emnilda five children Oda of Meissen one child |
Son of Mieszko I of Poland and Doubravka of Bohemia. He conquered Moravia as Duke of Poland in 999, than Bohemia in 1002 and given these territories to his younger brother Vladivoj . After the death of his brother, he ruled over Bohemia and Moravia as Duke of Poland and Bohemia till 1004, than as Duke of Poland over Moravia.
|
Vladivoj | 981 | 1002-1003 | January 1003 | Unknown | Son of Mieszko I of Poland and Doubravka of Bohemia . He ruled over Moravia as Duke of Bohemia.
|
Přemyslid dynasty as Duke in Moravia (1019-1182)
Ruler | Born | Reign | Death | Ruling part | Consort | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bretislaus I | ![]() |
1002/5 | 1019/29–1033 1034–1055 |
10 January 1055 | Moravia | Judith of Schweinfurt 1020 four children |
Son of Ulrich, Duke of Bohemia, who reconquered Moravia from Poland and given to his son. |
Ulrich I | ![]() |
975 | 1033–1034 | 9 November 1034 | Moravia | Unknown no children Božena c. 1002 (morganatic) one child |
In his After his death, his son was replaced in Moravia. |
Conrad I | ![]() |
c. 1035 | 1055–1056 1061-1092 |
6 September 1092 | Brno | Wirpirk of Tengling 1054 two children |
Children of Bretislav I, divided their inheritance:
The division was made ineffective by their other brother Spytihnev (1055), who had inherited Bohemia and extended his rule to Moravia, uniting the whole Premyslid domain under his control. However, after Spytihnev's death (1061), the landless brothers recovered the inheritance and divided it differently, as Vratislav had inherited Bohemia:
|
Vratislaus I | ![]() |
c. 1035 | 1055–1056 | 14 January 1092 | Olomouc | Maria before 1057 no children Adelaide of Hungary I 1057 four children Świętosława of Poland 1062 five children | |
Otto I the Fair | ![]() |
1045 | 1055–1056 | 9 June 1087 | Znojmo | Euphemia of Hungary before 1073 two children | |
1056-1087 | Olomouc | ||||||
Znojmo annexed to Brno (1056-92) | |||||||
Spytihněv II | ![]() |
1031 | 1056–1061 | 28 January 1061 | Moravia | Ida of Wettin c. 1054 one child |
Brother of the three above, ended briefly the division of Moravia, uniting Bohemian and Moravian lands. After his death, his brothers re-split the land. |
Boleslaus | 1062 | 1087–1091 | 11 August 1091 | Olomouc | Unmarried | ||
Svatopluk I the Lion | ![]() |
1075 | 1091–1109 | 21 September 1109 | Olomouc | Unknown one child |
Brother of Boleslaus. |
Luitpold I | ? | 1092–1112 | 15 March 1112 | Znojmo | Ida of Austria one child |
Children of Conrad I, divided the inheritance:
Despite having heirs, Luitpold's land came to Ulrich's possession after his death. Conrad II, Luitpold's heir, would come to power in 1123. | |
Ulrich II | ![]() |
? | 1092–1113 | 5 January 1113 | Brno (with Znojmo since 1112) |
Adelaide two children | |
Sobeslaus I | ![]() |
c. 1075 | 1113–1123 | 14 February 1140 | Brno (with Znojmo) |
Adelaide of Hungary II 1123 five children |
Son of Vratislaus I, ruled in Brno and Znojmo, which split after his resign:
|
Conrad II | ![]() |
c. 1075 | 1123–1161 | 14 February 1140 | Znojmo | Maria of Serbia 1132 four children |
Son of Vratislaus I. |
Otto II the Black | 1085 | 1109–1123 | 18 February 1126 | Olomouc (with Brno since 1123) |
Sophia of Berg 1113 three children |
Ruled in Olomouc, since 1091 with his brother Svatopluk. Acquired Brno in 1123. | |
Wenceslaus Henry | ![]() |
1107 | 1126–1130 | 1 March 1130 | Olomouc | Unmarried | Son of Svatopluk, inherited Olomouc. |
Vratislaus II | c. 1111 | 1126–1146 | 1146 | Brno | A Russian princess 1132 three children |
Son of Ulrich II, inherited Brno. | |
Luitpold II | 1102 | 1130–1137 | 1143 | Olomouc | Unmarried | Son of Bořivoj II, Duke of Bohemia. | |
Vladislaus | ? | 1137–1140 | 1165 | Olomouc | Unmarried | Son of Sobeslaus I. | |
Otto III | 1122 | 1140–1160 | 12 May 1160 | Olomouc | Durancia five children |
Son of Otto II. | |
Spytihněv III | ? | 1146?–1182 | 1199 | Brno | Umarried | In 1182 abdicated for Conrad III. | |
Brno annexed to Znojmo | |||||||
Frederick I | ![]() |
1142 | 1160–1173 | 25 March 1189 | Olomouc | Elizabeth of Hungary 1157 six children |
Son of Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia .
|
Ulrich III | 1134 | 1173–1177 | 18 October 1177 | Olomouc | Cecilia of Thuringia no children Sophia of Meissen no children |
Son of Soběslav I, Duke of Bohemia. | |
Wenceslaus | 1137 | 1177–1178 | after 1192 | Olomouc | Unmarried | Son of Sobeslaus I. Abdicated for Conrad III. | |
Olomouc annexed to Znojmo | |||||||
Conrad III Otto
|
![]() |
c. 1136 | 1161–1182 | 9 September 1191 | Znojmo | Hellicha of Wittelsbach before 1176 no children |
Son of Conrad II. United Znojmo and Olomouc. Brno joined in 1182, when he also became the first Margrave of Moravia. |
Margraves of Moravia
Přemyslid dynasty
- Conrad II Otto 1182–1191
united with Bohemia 1189–1197
- Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Judith of Thuringia
- Vladislaus II 1223–1227, son of King Ottokar I of Bohemia and Constance of Hungary
- Přemysl 1227–1239, son of King Ottokar I of Bohemia and Constance of Hungary
- Vladislaus III 1239–1247, son of King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia and Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen
- Ottokar II 1247–1278, son of King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia and Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen
directly held by King
- Wenceslaus II 1283–1305, son of King Ottokar II of Bohemia and Kunigunda of Halych
- Wenceslaus III 1305–1306, son of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Judith of Habsburg
Various dynasties
- Elizabeth of Carinthia
- Henry of Carinthia 1307–1310, son of Duke Meinhard of Carinthia and Elisabeth of Bavaria
Luxembourgs
- Emperor Henry VII and Margaret of Brabant
- Charles 1333–1349, son of King John of Bohemia and Elizabeth
- John Henry 1349–1375, enfeoffed by his brother King Charles IV
- Jobst of Moravia 1375–1411, son of John Henry, with his brothers John Sobieslaus (until 1394) and Prokop (until 1405)
- Sigismund 1419–1423, son of Emperor Charles IV and Elizabeth of Pomerania
Various dynasties
- Albert V of Austria 1423–1439, son-in-law of Sigismund
- Ladislaus the Posthumous 1440–1457, son of Albert and grandson of Sigismund
- George of Poděbrady 1458–1468
- Erzsébet Szilágyi
Jagiellons
- Elisabeth of Habsburg
- Vladislaus II
Habsburgs
- Ferdinand I 1527–1564, fourth child of Philip I and Joanna of Castile
- Maximilian II 1564–1576, son of Emperor Ferdinand I and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
- Rudolf II 1576–1608, son of Emperor Maximilian II
- Matthias II 1608–1617, son of Emperor Maximilian II
Under the united rule of the Bohemian kings from 1611 (see
References
- ^ ISBN 978-80-246-1645-2.
- ^ ISBN 3-88680-200-0. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
- ISBN 0-521-43155-7. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
- ISBN 9788085048629. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
- ^ ISSN 0231-7494.
- ^ Gesetz vom 9. August 1849, RGBl. 355/1849: "Erlaß der Ministeriums des Innern vom 9. August 1849, womit die in Folge Allerhöchster Entschliesung vom 4. August 1849 genehmigte Organisirung der politischen Verwaltungsbehörden für die Kronländer Mähren und Schlesien kundgemacht wird, und sie Maßregeln zu deren Durchführung festgesetzt werden". Reichs-Gesetz-Blatt für das Kaiserthum Österreich (in German). 9 August 1849. Retrieved 5 July 2023 – via ÖNB-ALEX - Historische Rechts- und Gesetztexte Online.
- ^ Gesetz vom 21. April 1854, RGBl. 103/1854: "Verordnung der Minister des Innern, der Justiz und der Finanzen vom 21. April 1854, betreffend die politische und gerichtliche Organisirung der Markgrafschaft Mähren". Reichs-Gesetz-Blatt für das Kaiserthum Österreich (in German). 21 April 1854. Retrieved 5 July 2023 – via ÖNB-ALEX - Historische Rechts- und Gesetztexte Online.
- ^ Gesetz vom 5. Juni 1860, RGBl. 142/1860: "Verordnung des Ministers des Innern vom 5. Juni 1860, giltig für den ganzen Umfang des Reiches, betreffend die Auflösung der Kreisbehörden in Mähren, der Landesregierung und Landes-Baudirection in Schlesien und die administrative Unterordnung dieses Herzogthumes unter die Statthalterei zu Brünn". Reichs-Gesetz-Blatt für das Kaiserthum Österreich (in German). 5 June 1860. Retrieved 20 April 2024 – via ÖNB-ALEX - Historische Rechts- und Gesetztexte Online.