Kladovo
Kladovo
Кладово (Serbian) Cladova | |
---|---|
Town and municipality | |
![]() Kladovo town panorama | |
UTC+2 (CEST) | |
Postal code | 19320 |
Area code | +381(0)19 |
Car plates | KL |
Website | www |
Kladovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Кладово, pronounced [klâdɔʋɔ]; Romanian: Cladova or Claudia) is a town and municipality located in the Bor District of eastern Serbia. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube river.
Name
In
Later, Slavs founded a settlement that was named Novi Grad (Нови Град)[citation needed], while Ottomans built a fortress here and called it Fethülislam. The present-day name of Kladovo is first recorded in 1596 in an Austrian military document.
There are several theories about the origin of the current name of the town:[3]
- According to one theory (Ranka Kuic), name of the town derived from Celtic word "kladiff" meaning "cemetery" in English.
- According to another theory (Ranko Jakovljevic), the name derived from the word "klad" (a device used to hold a person shackled).
- A third theory has it that the name derives from the Slavic word "kladenac" meaning "a well" in English or from the Slavic word "klada" meaning "(tree) stump".
- There is also a theory that the name goes back to the Bulgarian duke Glad, who ruled over this region in the 9th century.
There is a settlement with the same name in
.The name is also found in the Arad and Timiș counties of Romania, Cladova, in Arad county Cladova, Arad, Cladova in Timiș county Cladova, Timiș
History
Early
Emperor Trajan had the well-known Trajan's Bridge built nearby and the Roman fort of Pontes was built on the Serbian side, Drobeta (castra) on the Romanian side.
In the Middle Ages, Slavs founded here new town named Novi Grad (Нови Град),[citation needed] but it was razed by the Hungarians in 1502. It was rebuilt in 1524 by the Ottomans and received new name: Fethi Islam (Fethülislam). According to Ottoman traveler, Evliya Çelebi, who visited the town in 1666, most of its inhabitants spoke local Slavic language [citation needed] and Turkish language, while some also spoke Romanian. Званични сајт општине Кладово In 1784, the population of Kladovo numbered 140 Muslim and 50 Christian houses. Званични сајт општине Кладово
From 1929 to 1941, Kladovo was part of the Morava Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
Geography
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Kladovo_lake_02.jpg/220px-Kladovo_lake_02.jpg)
East of the town are the sandy region of Kladovski Peščar,
Climate
Kladovo has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa).
Climate data for Kladovo | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5 (41) |
6 (43) |
11 (52) |
18 (64) |
23 (73) |
27 (81) |
29 (84) |
30 (86) |
25 (77) |
19 (66) |
12 (54) |
6 (43) |
18 (64) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1 (30) |
0 (32) |
3 (37) |
8 (46) |
13 (55) |
16 (61) |
18 (64) |
19 (66) |
14 (57) |
10 (50) |
5 (41) |
0 (32) |
9 (48) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 57 (2.2) |
61 (2.4) |
55 (2.2) |
68 (2.7) |
74 (2.9) |
71 (2.8) |
55 (2.2) |
44 (1.7) |
48 (1.9) |
55 (2.2) |
72 (2.8) |
71 (2.8) |
731 (28.8) |
Source: Meteoblue.com[9] |
Climate data for Grabovica, Kladovo (2016–2022) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 20.1 (68.2) |
27.6 (81.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
38.1 (100.6) |
36.9 (98.4) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
43.7 (110.7) |
39.4 (102.9) |
31.7 (89.1) |
22.9 (73.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
43.7 (110.7) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 16.9 (62.4) |
20.9 (69.6) |
26.8 (80.2) |
30.6 (87.1) |
34.3 (93.7) |
37.9 (100.2) |
39.3 (102.7) |
41.1 (106.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
29.1 (84.4) |
20.6 (69.1) |
17.2 (63.0) |
41.4 (106.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.9 (44.4) |
11.3 (52.3) |
15.9 (60.6) |
21.1 (70.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
31.3 (88.3) |
33.8 (92.8) |
34.7 (94.5) |
28.2 (82.8) |
20.4 (68.7) |
11.9 (53.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
20.8 (69.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.2 (36.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
9.3 (48.7) |
14.0 (57.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
26.8 (80.2) |
21.1 (70.0) |
14.6 (58.3) |
8.3 (46.9) |
4.5 (40.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.5 (27.5) |
0.6 (33.1) |
2.8 (37.0) |
6.9 (44.4) |
12.5 (54.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
18.6 (65.5) |
18.9 (66.0) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.9 (48.0) |
4.7 (40.5) |
0.5 (32.9) |
8.6 (47.5) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
0.6 (33.1) |
7.3 (45.1) |
12.0 (53.6) |
14.3 (57.7) |
14.4 (57.9) |
6.5 (43.7) |
4.8 (40.6) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −15.8 (3.6) |
−9.1 (15.6) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
4.8 (40.6) |
8.1 (46.6) |
10.3 (50.5) |
10.4 (50.7) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 66.0 (2.60) |
39.1 (1.54) |
58.0 (2.28) |
44.6 (1.76) |
67.9 (2.67) |
31.6 (1.24) |
42.1 (1.66) |
21.8 (0.86) |
27.0 (1.06) |
41.4 (1.63) |
58.1 (2.29) |
54.9 (2.16) |
552.5 (21.75) |
Source: vreme.in.rs [10] |
Settlements
Aside from the town of Kladovo, the municipality includes the following settlements:
- Towns
- Kladovo
- Brza Palanka
- Villages
- Vajuga
- Velesnica
- Velika Vrbica
- Velika Kamenica
- Grabovica
- Davidovac
- Kladušnica
- Korbovo
- Kostol
- Kupuzište
- Ljubičevac
- Mala Vrbica
- Manastirica
- Milutinovac
- Novi Sip
- Petrovo Selo
- Podvrška
- Reka
- Rečica
- Rtkovo
- Tekija na Dunavu
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1948 | 26,161 | — |
1953 | 27,792 | +1.22% |
1961 | 28,217 | +0.19% |
1971 | 33,173 | +1.63% |
1981 | 33,376 | +0.06% |
1991 | 31,881 | −0.46% |
2002 | 23,613 | −2.69% |
2011 | 20,635 | −1.49% |
Source: [11] |
According to the 2011 census results, the municipality has a population of 20,635 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
The ethnic composition of the municipality:[12]
Ethnic group | Population | % |
---|---|---|
Serbs | 17,673 | 85.65% |
"Vlachs" (Romanians) | 788 | 3.82% |
Montenegrins | 236 | 1.14% |
Romanians (self-declared) | 156 | 0.76% |
Macedonians | 42 | 0.20% |
Romani | 36 | 0.17% |
Croats | 35 | 0.17% |
Yugoslavs | 16 | 0.08% |
Others | 1,653 | 8.01% |
Total | 20,635 |
Economy
The main business are the
The population of the villages around Kladovo is mostly supported by the family members who work in the countries of western Europe, agriculture is a side activity more than an income-generating one.
The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[13]
Activity | Total |
---|---|
Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 63 |
Mining and quarrying | 5 |
Manufacturing | 1,302 |
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 443 |
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 71 |
Construction | 73 |
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 809 |
Transportation and storage | 129 |
Accommodation and food services | 305 |
Information and communication | 77 |
Financial and insurance activities | 33 |
Real estate activities | 2 |
Professional, scientific and technical activities | 82 |
Administrative and support service activities | 98 |
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security | 252 |
Education | 290 |
Human health and social work activities | 460 |
Arts, entertainment and recreation | 30 |
Other service activities | 68 |
Individual agricultural workers | 139 |
Total | 4,731 |
Features
Kladovo has one hospital, two daycare and kindergarten centers, one elementary school (grades 1 through 8), one high school and several vocational schools.
Though the river Danube is very polluted by international standards, many people still fish in it. Before the power plant was built, sturgeon caviar from this area was very popular and was exported as a delicacy to the western Europe and the United States. In the 1960s, up to 3 tons of caviar yearly was exported from Kladovo. Record catch from that period is a 188 kg (414 lb) heavy sturgeon with 20 kg (44 lb) of the roe in it. However, the records from the past, dated in 1793, report of the sturgeon which had 500 kg (1,100 lb). The specificity of the Caviar of Kladovo was that the roe gets "ripe" enough during the 850 km (530 mi) long journey of the fish from the Black Sea upstream the Danube. Also, roe was turned into the caviar using the dry method.[14]
The nearby
The Trajan's Bridge is located 5 km downstream from Kladovo. It had 20 pillars and was 1,200 m long. Trajan's successor Hadrian partially demolished it to prevent the raids of the Dacians and the bridge was later neglected. The bridge is depicted in a relief on the Trajan's Column in Rome. Until the 16th century, it was the largest bridge ever built.[15] The 20 pillars were still visible in 1856, when the level of the Danube hit a record low. In 1906, the Commission of the Danube decided to destroy two of the pillars that were obstructing navigation. In 1932, there were 16 pillars remaining underwater, but in 1982 only 12 were mapped by archaeologists; the other four had probably been swept away by water. Only the entrance pillars are now visible on either bank of the Danube.[16]
When the artificial Đerdap Lake was formed from 1967-72 as a result of the Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station. The lake inundated the old Roman road along the coast and the only remaining part of the old path is the Tabula Traiana, a Roman memorial plaque, which was elevated for 25 m. The process of lifting the table (4 m x 1.75 m) lasted from 1966 to 1969, today is several meters above the lake level and is observable only from the lake.[15]
Remains of the fortress Diana are located 2 km downstream of the Iron Gate I. Diana is one of the largest and best preserved Roman forts on this section of the Danubian Limes. It was built by the emperor Trajan at the beginning of the 2nd century BC and was destroyed by the joint attack of the Slavs and Pannonian Avars in the 6th century.[15]
![Fetislam fortress](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Fetislam_Fortress_02.jpg/220px-Fetislam_Fortress_02.jpg)
During the
The
The town has two hotels: "Đerdap" and "Aquastar Danube". Nearby the city (8 km on the road to Belgrade) there is a youth camp named "Karataš" (Turkish kara-tash for "black stone") which can host some of the visiting tourists. Kladovo has many cafés and restaurants, some offering live music entertainment late into the night. The town's
Kladovo has a beach, Đerdap Archaeology Museum, Orthodox Church of Saint George and a pedestrian zone (Kladovo Skadarlija). Kladovo is on the European bicycle path and in 2016 about 16,000 cyclists passed through the town. As of 2017, the bus line Belgrade-Kladovo was the only one in Serbia which had bicycle carriers on the buses. The neighboring villages of
The
Gallery
-
Diana Fortress
-
Tabula Traiana
-
Fetislam Fortress entry
-
Sports Hall "Jezero"
Notable residents
Born in Kladovo municipality:
- Avram Petronijević, born in Tekija (Kladovo)
- Darko Perić, actor, born in Kladovo
Temporary residents:
- Nicodemus of Tismana (14-15th century)
See also
References
- ^ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
- ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
- ^ Website of Kladovo Retrieved July 2, 2022
- ^ "[Projekat Rastko] Dragoslav Srejovic: Kulture bakarnog i ranog bronzanog doba na tlu Srbije". www.rastko.rs. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
- ^ Voislav Vasic; Rastko Vasic (December 2000). "Función depuradora de los humedales I: una revisión bibliográfica sobre el papel de los macrófitos". Boletín Sehumed. IV (16).
- ^ "[Projekat Rastko] Dr Draga Garasanin: Bronze Age in Serbia". www.rastko.rs. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
- ^ "Страница није пронађена « Народни музеј у Београду". Archived from the original on 6 October 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- ^ Slobodan T. Petrović (18 March 2018). "Стубови Трајановог моста" [Pillars of the Trajan's Bridge]. Politika-Magazin, No. 1068 (in Serbian). pp. 22–23.
- ^ "Simulated historical climate & weather data for Kladovo". Retrieved 5 March 2023.
- ^ "Climate: Grabovica, Kladovo". Vreme.in.rs. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
- ^ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
- ^ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
- ^ "MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA, 2019" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
- ^ Miroslav Stefanović (22 April 2018). "Мегдани аласа и риба грдосија" [Fights between the fishermen and the giant fishes]. Politika-Magazin, No. 1073 (in Serbian). pp. 28–29.
- ^ a b c d e Olivera Milošević (3 September 2017), "Dunav i istorija magneti Kladova", Politika (in Serbian), p. 16
- ^ "Romans Rise from the Waters". Archived from the original on 5 December 2006. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- ^ Mirjana Nikić (21 December 2018). "Игралиште одржало тврђаву" [Playground kept the fortress in shape]. Politika-Moja kuća (in Serbian). p. 01.
- ^ U.R. (12 September 2018). "Неуређена кладовска пијаца" [Unregulated Kladovo market]. Politika (in Serbian). p. 13.
- ^ "Počeli radovi na rekonstrukciji gradske zelene pijace". Municipality of Kladovo official website (in Serbian). 14 February 2019. Archived from the original on 22 October 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ Stojanovic, Milija (11 June 2017). "DA LI ZNATE DA JE VUK KARADŽIĆ U KLADOVU I NEGOTINU PROVEO NAJLEPŠE GODINE SVOG ŽIVOTA". TK Magazin (in Serbian). Retrieved 19 July 2019.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- Library Cultural Center Kladovo (in Serbian)