Krk
Geography | |
---|---|
Location | Adriatic Sea |
Coordinates | 45°4′N 14°36′E / 45.067°N 14.600°E |
Area | 405.80 km2 (156.68 sq mi) |
Highest elevation | 568 m (1864 ft)[1] |
Highest point | Obzova |
Administration | |
Croatia | |
County | Primorje-Gorski Kotar |
Largest settlement | Krk (pop. 6,816) |
Demographics | |
Population | 19,916 (2021)[1] |
Pop. density | 44/km2 (114/sq mi) |
Krk (pronounced
History
Prehistory
Archeological findings indicate that the island was inhabited continuously since
There are the remains of prehistoric settlements near Draga Bašćanska, as well as Bronze and Iron Age earthworks near Malinska, Dobrinj, Vrbnik and Baška.
Roman era
Krk came under Roman rule once they defeated the Liburnians. The Town of Krk (Curicum) became a town with Italic law whose status evolved to give it the rights of a municipality. Nothing is known about the internal organizations of the town of Krk during this time. Near the present day Franciscan monastery, the remains of thermal baths have been found. The defensive walls of Roman Curicum were among the most secure of all the towns on the Eastern Adriatic fortified by the Romans. Work began on their construction during the Civil War in Rome (50 BCE) and they were further strengthened in the 60s of the 2nd century CE, to enable them to withstand attacks by the Quadi and the Marcamanni who were at that time threatening the Adriatic. Not far from Krk in 49 BCE there was a decisive sea battle between
Migration Period
The walls of the town of Krk could not withstand attacks by the
Reign of Croatian Counts and Kings
There are no extant documents showing when Krk became part of the Croatian state. It is known that from around 875 the Byzantine town paid the Croatian rulers 110 gold pieces a year to be able peacefully to keep their hold there. While the Croatian state was being established, Krk found itself on the Venetians' route to the Mediterranean. The Venetians conquered the town for the first time in 1001, and from then Krk's history was closely linked with the history of the
Reign of the Krk Counts (from 1430 on – the Frankopan family)
When the Venetians conquered Krk for the second time in 1118, the local noble family, the unknown Dujams,
Ivan VII Frankopan in particular was the only prince of the semi-independent Principality of Krk.[citation needed] He also promoted the settlement of Morlachs and Vlachs (originally Romanians who later split into Istro-Romanians) in the island (specifically in the areas of Dubašnica and Poljica and between the castles of Dobrinj and Omišalj) to have a bigger manpower. Thus, these Istro-Romanians would form a community in Krk that would influence the local Croatian dialect and leave several toponyms on the island. The Istro-Romanians of Krk disappeared in 1875 after the death of the last speaker of the local Istro-Romanian dialect, which some Croatian scholars named "Krko-Romanian". Nowadays, this ethnic group only inhabits Istria.[6]
Venetian Rule (1480–1797)
The island of Krk was a final Adriatic island to become part of the
Austrian Rule
Austrian rule over the island came after the fall of Venice in 1797 and was briefly (1806–1813) interrupted by the existence of Napoleon's Illyrian Provinces. In 1822 the Austrians separated the island from Dalmatia and linked it to Istria, therefore bringing the islands of Krk, Cres and Lošinj under direct rule from Vienna. This switch contributed to the appearance of Croatian National Revival, so along with nearby coastal town Kastav, the town of Krk played a major role in spreading of Croatian education and culture in the area.[4]
20th century
The Italian Occupation (1918–1920) was brief, and Krk was handed over to Croatia, then in Yugoslavia, by the Treaty of Rapallo, Italy took Krk again in the Second World War (1941–1943), and German occupation followed from 1943 to 1945. The post-war development of Krk was led by tourism. The building of an airport and then a bridge over to the mainland ensures the future of the development of tourism on this island. In Omišalj there has also been industrial development.
The bridge is at the north end of Krk island and uses the small island of Otoćić Sveti Marko (St. Mark's Islet) as a mid-support.
Economics and infrastructure
Krk is located rather near the mainland and has been connected to it via a 1,430 m (4,692 ft) two-arch concrete
Since January 2021,there is an active
Krk is a popular tourist destination, due to its proximity to Slovenia, southern Germany, Austria, and northern Italy. Since the collapse of the Eastern Bloc, many tourists have appeared from Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, and other former Eastern Bloc countries.
Fiber access network
In 2009 the municipality started the project of building a
Geography
Krk is like many Croatian islands, it is rocky and hilly. The rock is mostly karst. The southeast portion of the island is mostly bare as a result of the bora winds.
Some prominent features include:
- Obzova, the highest point at 568 msl[11]
- Vela Lukaa harbor on the southeastern end of the island
Culture and religion
Krk has historically been a center of
Krk belonged to the Republic of Venice during much of the Middle Ages until its dissolution, when its destinies followed those of Dalmatia. It became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later called Yugoslavia) after World War I, in 1920.[13] After that date, the village of Veglia/Krk remained the only predominantly Italian-speaking municipality in Yugoslavia. After World War II, most of the Italians left.
The island of Krk is a participant in the 2020 European Capital of Culture project. Through the program "27 neighborhoods", the city of Krk, Malinska and Vrbnik will be involved in different events during the entire year.[14] Along with them, the Municipality of Baška participated in the program "Lungomare Art",[15] based on which a permanent art installation "Drops" was set up, which puts emphasis on traditional drywall architecture.
Monuments and sights
- The Baška tablet in Jurandvor that was made in 1100
- Church of St. Lucy in Jurandvor, where the famous Baška tablet was found
- Art installation "Drops" on the hill above Baška
- Krk Cathedral that is dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
- Krk Bridge which connects the island of Krk with the mainland since July 19, 1980
Language
Krk is well known for its historical language diversity. The
Municipalities
The municipalities and larger settlements on Krk include:
- The eponymous city of Krk (Italian: Veglia), with 6,243 inhabitants (2011), located at 45°13′N 14°32′E / 45.217°N 14.533°E.
- Omišalj (Italian: Castelmuschio; German: Moschau): 2,987 people
- Malinska-Dubašnica – Malinska, the capital of municipality (Italian: Malinsca; German: Durischal): 3,142 people
- Punat (Italian: Ponte; German: Sankt Maria): 1,953 people
- Dobrinj (Italian: Dobrigno; German: Dobrauen): 2,023 people
- Baška (Italian: Besca; German: Weschke): 1,668 people
- Vrbnik (Italian: Verbenico; German: Vörbnick): 1,270 people
- Gabonjin
- Krašica
- Anton
- Pinezići
- Glavotok
- Valbiska
- Njivice
- Poljice
- Nenadići
- Sveti Vid Miholjice
Roman Catholic bishopric
- Church of St. Dunat
Other
The 45th parallel north passes through the island of Krk, making it positioned halfway between the Equator and the North Pole. The crossing of the 45th parallel is marked with a signpost.
- Genetics
The frequency of Haplogroup I, rare elsewhere in Croatia and most of Europe, is high among the population.[18]
- Popular culture
The fictional island Everon from the video game Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis is based on Krk.[citation needed]
Third season of American
See also
References
This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2011) |
- ^ ISSN 1333-3305. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
- ^ Duplančić Leder, Tea; Ujević, Tin; Čala, Mendi (June 2004). "Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000". Geoadria. 9 (1). Zadar: 5–32. . Retrieved December 1, 2019.
- ^ Kipicic, Viktor (1978). Krk. Zagreb: Graficki zavod Hrvatske.
- ^ ISBN 953-178-097-8.
- ^ Also called Demjen, Duimo or more generally Duym.
- ^ a b c Spicijarić Paškvan, Nina (2014). "Vlachs from the Island Krk in the Primary Historical and Literature Sources". Studii și Cercetări – Actele Simpozionului "Banat – Istorie și Multiculturalitate" (in Croatian): 345–358.
- ^ "Terminals – Liquid Cargo Terminal". Port of Rijeka Authority. Archived from the original on September 9, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
- ^ "DINA – Petrokemija d.d., Omišalj". DIOKI d.d. Archived from the original on May 2, 2011. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
- ^ "The Omišalj Port and Terminal". Jadranski naftovod. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
- ^ Town of Krk: projects, city fiber network
- ^ "Island of KRK, legend and reality". Archived from the original on October 25, 2018. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
- ^ "Franciscan monastery – Košljun". Cultural heritage of the island of Krk. Retrieved December 20, 2023.
- ^ https://history.state.gov/countries/kingdom-of-yugoslavia
- ^ "The island of Krk - neighbourhood of European culture capital of 2020". Visit Krk. Archived from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
- ^ "Lungomare Art • Rijeka 2020". Rijeka 2020 (in Croatian). Retrieved April 26, 2021.
- ISBN 978-0-9765325-0-7.
- ^ Spicijarić Paškvan 2014, p. 73.
- ^ D. Havaš Auguštin; et al. (2012). "Maternal Genetic Legacy of the Eastern Adriatic Island of Krk - An Interplay of Evolutionary Forces and Island's Historical Events in Shaping the Genetic Structure of Contemporary Island Population". Collegium Antropologicum. 36 (2).
- ^ "Croatian island in new season of 'The Witcher' just released on Netflix". Croatia Week. June 29, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2023.
Sources
- Spicijarić Paškvan, Nina (2014). "Dalmatski (veljotski) i mletački utjecaji u govorima otoka Krka" (PDF). Krčki zbornik (in Croatian) (70): 71–88. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
Further reading
- Anton Bozanić: Mahnić i njegova Staroslavenska akademija. Krk u. Rijeka 2002.
External links
- Krk travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Krk official site (tourist board)
- Pictures Krk
- Virtual Tour of Krk
- Krk scuba diving centre
- Krk hiking trails & guidebook