Lü (surname)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
See also: Lu (surname)
Lǚ 吕/呂
Pronunciationlǚ (Mandarin)
leui (Cantonese)
Language(s)Chinese
Origin
Language(s)Old Chinese
Word/nameLü (state)
Other names
Variant form(s)Lữ (Vietnamese), Lu, Lv, Lyu, Lui
Lü
Hanyu Pinyin
Lǚ
Wade–GilesLü3
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingLeoi5

Lü (Mandarin: [ly˨˩˦]) is the pinyin (Lǚ with the tone diacritic) and Wade–Giles romanisation of a Chinese surname, most commonly 吕 (simplified Chinese) and 呂 (traditional Chinese).

Romanization

Lü is the standard pinyin spelling of the Chinese character 吕/呂. However, when input of the umlaut is not possible, the surname is commonly romanized as Lu or Lv (v being the pinyin input shorthand for ü).[1] On 31 October 2011, the National Standardization Committee of China issued The Chinese phonetic alphabet spelling rules for Chinese names, which stipulates that Lü should be spelled Lyu in such situation. The rule came into effect on 1 February 2012.[1][2] In Cantonese the name is commonly romanized as Lui.

Possible characters

吕/呂

吕/呂 is the 47th most common surname in China,[3] shared by 5.6 million people, or 0.47% of the Chinese population as of 2002.[4] It is especially common in Shandong and Henan provinces.[4]

The surname originated from the ancient

State of Qi
, was the first person known to have the surname.

It is 22nd on the Hundred Family Surnames, contained in the verse 何呂施張 (He Lü Shi Zhang).[5]

Jiang clan

The surname Lü originated from the

Yuanhe Xing Zuan, a branch of the Jiang clan was enfeoffed at the State of Lü by Yu the Great, the legendary founder of the Xia dynasty.[6]

The Jiang clan was a close ally and frequent marriage partner of the Ji clan, which conquered the

State of Qi in modern Shandong province, which later became one of the major states of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. Lü Shang, posthumously named Duke Tai of Qi, is considered an original ancestor of the Lü surname.[8]

During the

State of Chu, a rising power in the south. Many people of Lü adopted the name of their former state as their surname.[10]

Ji clan

A different, later origin of Lü was from the Wei (魏) lineage of the Ji (姬) surname. During the Spring and Autumn period,

Prince Chong'er was exiled from the Jin and one of his followers was Wei Wuzi (魏武子). Chong'er later ascended the throne of Jin in 636 BC and became the Hegemon of China. Wei Wuzi's son, Wei Qi (魏锜) was given the fiefs of Lü and Chu (厨). Many of his descendants changed their surname to Lü.[8]

Later adoption

During the Xianbei Northern Wei dynasty, Emperor Xiaowen (reigned 467–499 AD) implemented a drastic policy of sinicization, ordering his own people to adopt Chinese surnames. The Chilü (叱吕) clan of Xianbei adopted Lü as their surname. The Xianbei people have since been assimilated by the Han Chinese.[8]

People from many other

Li, Tu, Mongols, Tujia, and the Koreans.[8]

闾

闾/閭 is a somewhat rare surname that means neighborhood, hamlet, gate of a lane, or alley.

Notable people


References

  1. ^ a b ""吕"字有了正式英文名"LYU"". Sina (in Chinese). 2012-10-11. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
  2. ^ "中国人名汉语拼音字母拼写规则 (国家标准编号: GB/28039―2011)" [The Chinese phonetic alphabet spelling rules for Chinese names] (PDF) (in Chinese). Chinese Ministry of Education. 2011-10-31. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
  3. ^ 最新版百家姓排行榜出炉：王姓成中国第一大姓 [Latest surname ranking: Wang is the number one surname in China]. Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). 2013-04-15. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
  4. ^
    ISBN 9787561727690
    .
  5. ^ "百家姓" [Hundred Family Surnames] (in Chinese). Guoxue. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
  6. ^ a b 吕姓起源,名人及家谱 [Origin and famous people of the Lü surname] (in Chinese). Shangdu. 2008-07-17. Archived from the original on 2014-05-10. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
  7. ISBN 978-7-208-04538-5
    .
  8. ^ a b c d Qian, Wenzhong (2013-07-06). 钱文忠解读"百家姓"：姜姓和吕姓有很大的渊源 (in Chinese). People's Daily. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
  9. ^
    ISBN 9781139456883
    .
  10. ^ 呂姓來源及郡望堂號 [Origin and prominent clans of the Lü surname] (in Chinese). Taiwan.cn. 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
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