List of names of Freyr

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The Rällinge statuette, believed to depict Freyr, Viking Age.[1]

The

Medieval period, including one from Old English literature
.

Names

Name
(Old Norse)		 Name
(Anglicised)		 Name meaning Attestations Notes
Árguð[2] Argud God of the Fertile Season[3] Skáldskaparmál (14)
Ballriði[4] Ballridi Bold rider[5] Lokasenna 37
Bani Belja[6] Bani Belja Beli's bane[7] Gylfaginning (61), Skáldskaparmál (262)
Belja dólgr[2] Belja dolg Adversary of Beli[3] Skáldskaparmál (14)
Blótgoð svía[8] Blotgod svia Sacrificial god of the
Svear[9]
 Ögmundar þáttr dytts
Fégjafa[2] Fegjafa God of Wealth-Gifts[3] Skáldskaparmál (14) Also attested as a heiti for Njörðr in Skáldskaparmál (13)
Folkvaldi goða[10] Folkvaldi goda Foremost of the gods,[11] Great general of the gods[12] Skírnismál (3)
Ingunar-Freyr[4] Ingunar-Freyr Ingunar-Freyr[13] Lokasenna (43), Separate Saga of St. Olaf (Prologue)
Ǫflugr Atriði[2] Oflug Atridi The mighty attacking rider[9] Skáldskaparmál (261) Compare with Atriðr, a name for Odin[14]
Son Njarðar[2] Son Njardar Son of
Njördr[3]
 Skáldskaparmál (14), Skírnismál (38, 39)
Svía goð[15] Svia god God of the
Svear[9]
 Viðbœtir við Olafs sögu hins helga (Chapter 11)
Vanaguð[2] Vanagud God of Vanir[3] Skáldskaparmál (14) Also attested as a heiti for Njörðr in Skáldskaparmál (13)
Vananið[2] Vananid Kinsman of the Vanir[3] Skáldskaparmál (14) Also attested as a heiti for Njörðr in Skáldskaparmál (13)
Vanr[2] Van Wane[3] Skáldskaparmál (14) Also attested as a heiti for Njörðr in Skáldskaparmál (13)
Vaningi[10] Vaningi Member of the Vanir[16] Skírnismál (37) Also attested as a
boar in Nafnaþulur
(97)
Veralldar gud,[17] Veraldargoð[18] Veralldar gud, Veraldargod God of the world,[19] God of this world[20]
Ynglinga Saga
 (Chapter 13) 		Compare with the
Vearalden Olmai (Man of the World)[9]
Yngvi[18] Yngvi Yngve[21]
Ynglinga Saga
 (Chapter 12)
Yngvifreyr,[18] Ingifreyr[22] Yngvifrey Yngve Frey[21]
Ynglinga Saga
 (Chapter 14)

Proposed names

Scholars have proposed names that may have been used historically to refer to Freyr. In contrast to the first table, these names rely to varying extents on speculation and are not unequivocal.

Name
(Old Norse or Old English)		 Name
(Anglicised)		 Name meaning Attestations Notes
Álfr[23] Alf Elf[23] Skáldskaparmál (69), Vafþrúðnismál (46,47) as a component of the sun kenning álfröðull Proposed by Alaric Hall due to Snorri's description of Freyr ruling over the sun's shining, the name of his servant Skírnir is derived from skírr ('bright'), and the partial synonymity between álfr and vanr.[23]
Alfwalda[24] Alfwalda Ruler of elves[25] Beowulf (Line 1313) Argued by Paul Beekman Taylor to refer to Freyr, based on the association between Freyr and elves seen in the
Dvergatal, in which both Yngvi and Álfr are listed, and in Grímnismál, when he is described as ruling over Álfheimr.[25] Alaric Hall describes the reading of alfwalda, rather than amending to alwalda (all-ruler), as reasonable but notes the argument is highly speculative.[23]
Fróði Frodi, Frode Wise[26] Ynglinga saga (Chapter 12) In the euhemeristic Ynglinga saga,
Old Norse: inn fróði (the wise one).[10][28]
Þrór[29][30] Thror Related to
Old Norse: Þróaz ("to grow, to increase"). Has been proposed to mean "The sexually prolific" and "The thriving".[31][32][33]
 Grímnismál (49), Ynglingatal (51) A name for
Old Norse: niðkvísl Þrós) and its use as a heiti for boar in Nafnaþulur (97).[32] Olof Sundqvist supports this idea, noting also that Freyr is described as Þroskr in Skírnismál.[31]

See also

References

  1. ^ Lindow 2001, p. 121.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Skáldskaparmál (ON).
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Brodeur 1916.
  4. ^ a b Lokasenna (ON).
  5. ^ Sundqvist 2013.
  6. ^ Gylfaginning (ON).
  7. ^ Young 1992.
  8. ^ Ögmundar þáttr dytts.
  9. ^ a b c d Sundqvist 2013, pp. 11–35.
  10. ^ a b c Skírnismál (ON).
  11. ^ Bellows 2004, Skírnismál.
  12. ^ Orchard 2011, För Skírnis.
  13. ^ Bellows 2004, Lokasenna.
  14. ^ Atriða.
  15. ^ Viðbœtir við Olafs sögu hins helga.
  16. ^ Simek 2008.
  17. ^ Ólafs saga Tryggvasonar (ON).
  18. ^ a b c Ynglinga saga (ON).
  19. ^ Gunnell 2017, p. 123.
  20. ^ Laing 1961, p. 15.
  21. ^ a b Laing 1961, p. 14.
  22. ^ Sturlaugs saga (ON).
  23. ^ a b c d Hall 2007.
  24. ^ Beowulf.
  25. ^ a b Taylor 1998, pp. 99–106.
  26. ^ Kruken 1995.
  27. ^ Simek 2008, p. 92.
  28. ^ Bellows 2004, Skírnismal.
  29. ^ Grímnismál (ON).
  30. ^ Ynglingatal (ON).
  31. ^ a b Sundqvist 2002.
  32. ^ a b McKinnell 2005, p. 148.
  33. ^ Mallet 2018, p. 546.

Bibliography

Primary

Secondary

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