Yngvi
Etymology
Old Norse Yngvi as well as Old High German Inguin and Old English Ingƿine are all derived from the
The Ingwaz rune
| Name | Proto-Germanic | Old English | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Ingwaz | Ing | |||
| Shape | Elder Futhark | Futhorc | ||
   | ||||
| Unicode |
| |||
| Transliteration | ŋ | |||
| Transcription | ŋ | |||
| IPA | [ŋ] | |||
| Position in rune-row | 22 | |||
The ŋ rune 
or 
(the "lantern rune", similar in shape to the Anglo-Saxon gēr rune ᛄ), but its identification is disputed in most cases, since the same sign may also be a cipher rune of wynn or thurisaz. The earliest case of such an i͡ŋ bindrune of reasonably certain reading is the inscription mari͡ŋs (perhaps referring to the "Mærings" or Ostrogoths[citation needed]) on the silver buckle of Szabadbattyán, dated to the first half 5th century and conserved at the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest.[4]
The Old English rune poem contains these obscure lines:
|
ᛝ Ing ƿæs ærest mid Eástdenum |
"ᛝ Ing was first amidst the East Danes |
A torc, the so-called "Ring of Pietroassa", part of a late third to fourth century Gothic hoard discovered in Romania, is inscribed in much-damaged runes, one reading of which is gutanī [i(ng)]wi[n] hailag "to Ingwi[n] of the Goths holy".[5]
Norse mythology
In Norse mythology, Yngvi, alternatively spelled Yngve, was the progenitor of the Yngling lineage, a legendary dynasty of Swedish kings, from whom also the earliest historical Norwegian kings claimed to be descended. Yngvi is a name of the god Freyr, perhaps Freyr's true name, as freyr means 'lord' and has probably evolved from a common invocation of the god.
In the
In the Gesta Danorum (late twelfth century, by Saxo Grammaticus) and in the Ynglinga saga (ca. 1225, by Snorri Sturluson), Freyr is euhemerized as a king of Sweden. In the Ynglinga saga, Yngvi-Freyr reigned in succession to his father Njörðr who had – in this variant – succeeded Odin. In the Historia Norwegiæ (written around 1211), in contrast, Ingui is the first king of Sweden, and the father of a certain Neorth, in his turn the father of Froyr: "Rex itaque Ingui, quem primum Swethiæ monarchiam rexisse plurimi astruunt, genuit Neorth, qui vero genuit Froy; hos ambos tota illorum posteritas per longa sæcula ut deos venerati sunt. Froyr vero genuit Fiolni, qui in dolio medonis dimersus est […]"
In the introduction to his Edda (originally composed around 1220) Snorri Sturluson claimed again that Odin reigned in Sweden and relates: "Odin had with him one of his sons called Yngvi, who was king in Sweden after him; and those houses come from him that are named Ynglings." Snorri here does not identify Yngvi and Freyr, although Freyr occasionally appears elsewhere as a son of Odin instead of a son of Njörðr.
In the Skáldskaparmál section of his Prose Edda Snorri brings in the ancient king Halfdan the Old who is the father of nine sons whose names are all words meaning "king" or "lord" in Old Norse, as well as of nine other sons who are the forefathers of various royal lineages, including "Yngvi, from whom the Ynglings are descended". But rather oddly Snorri immediately follows this with information on what should be four other personages who were not sons of Halfdan but who also fathered dynasties, and names the first of these again as "Yngvi, from whom the Ynglings are descended". In the related account in the Ættartolur "Genealogies" attached to Hversu Noregr byggðist, the name Skelfir appears instead of Yngvi in the list of Halfdan's sons.
The Ynglinga Saga section of Snorri's Heimskringla (around 1230) introduces a second Yngvi, son of Alrekr, who is a descendant of Yngvi-Freyr and who shared the Swedish kingship with his brother Álf (see Yngvi and Alf).
Given names and family names
The element Ing(o)- was widely used in
See also
- Manus in Vedic history
- Ingunar-Freyr
- Yngve (a given name)
- Millrind - a heraldic charge sometimes depicted as ᛝ
References
- ISBN 3-11-014445-X.
- ^ Cf. for a grammar of Proto-Germanic from the University of Texas at Austin: "A Grammar of Proto-Germanic: Chapter 3: Inflectional Morphology". Archived from the original on 2007-06-23. Retrieved 2010-03-07..
- ISBN 91-85352-20-9).
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ J.H. Looijenga, Runes Around The North Sea And On The Continent Ad 150-700, Ph.D. dissertation, Groningen 1997, p. 80.
- ISBN 978-0-521-55183-0.
- ^ Krappe, Alexander H. "YNGVI-FREY AND AENGUS MAC OC". In: Scandinavian Studies 17, no. 5 (1943): 174. Accessed March 30, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40915560.
- ^ Ernst Förstemann, 780-787 Altdeutsches namenbuch, vol. 1, Fürstemann: Nordhausen 1856, col. 779 sqq.
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