MO-class small guard ship

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MO-4-type patrol boat SKA-065 during World War II
Class overview
NameMO class
Operators
Succeeded byOD-200 class
SubclassesMO-1, MO-2, MO-3, MO-4, BMO
Built1935–1945
In service1935–1945
Completed350+
General characteristics (MO-4 type)
TypePatrol boat / submarine chaser
Displacement
  • 50.6 tonnes (49.8 long tons; 55.8 short tons) standard
  • 56.5 tonnes (55.6 long tons; 62.3 short tons) full load
Length26.9 m (88 ft 3 in)
Beam4.02 m (13 ft 2 in)
Draught1.35 m (4 ft 5 in)
Propulsion
  • 3 × GAM-34BS engines
  • Total power:
    2,025 
    kW
    ) to 2,550 PS (2,520 shp; 1,880 kW)
Speed26 knots (48 km/h) to 27.4 knots (50.7 km/h)
Complement22 men
Armament
  • 2 × 45 mm (1.8 in) 21-K guns
  • 2 × 12.7 mm (0.50 in) DShK machine guns
  • 2
    depth charge racks (8 depth charges
    )

The MO (

NKVD Border Troops. Their primary function originally was anti-submarine warfare. During the war they carried out many additional roles from supporting landing operations to escorting convoys. Over 350 boats were built.[1]

Background

In early 1930s, the main focus of Soviet shipbuilding was building small patrol ships and boats with various duties. Among them, a large part consisted of submarine hunter boats. The MO class was the first Soviet built submarine hunter boat class, with the abbreviation meaning "Small Hunter". Unlike torpedo boats, MO boats had no torpedo weapons, but instead had

depth charge racks.[1]

Design history

MO-1, MO-2 and MO-3 types

The lead ship of the class was a 51 tonnes (50 long tons; 56 short tons) border patrol boat PK-139, which was given the class designation of MO-1 in 1935. The production series was a slightly faster boat, given the designation MO-2. Some 27[1] to 36[2] boats of this class were built in 1935–1936. A slightly modified MO-3 was in limited production resulting in four boats built.[1]

MO-4 type

MO-4 type model in the Naval Museum of the Northern Fleet in Murmansk

MO-4 was the most produced type of the class, with approximately 250 built. It was a slightly modified MO-2 variant, with a more vertical stern and slightly lower. It was designed at the

PS (666 shp; 496 kW), to increase engine life. The main weapons of the boat were the depth charges and 45 mm semi-automatic guns. The boats also had a pair of DShK heavy machine guns. MO-4 boats were built at several shipyards including Leningrad, Sosnovka and Astrakhan from 1937 to 1943.[1]

BMO type

BMO type drawing

In summer 1943, the Leningrad shipyards designed a new variant to remedy the MO-4's lack of armor. The letter B stood for bronirovannyj (Russian: бронированный, lit. 'armored'). The new boat was made of steel, with armor of up to 12 mm (0.47 in) protecting the engine. One of the 45 mm guns was replaced with a 37 mm 70-K anti-aircraft gun, which had higher performance in the anti aircraft role. 48 were built during the war and another 18 in the second half of 1945.[3][4]

Service history

MO-class boats carried out a very large number of duties during the war, serving in all fleets. Their duties included patrolling naval bases perimeter, hunting submarines, escorting convoys, laying and disarming mines, supporting amphibious landings and fighting small enemy ships. Some distinguished individual boats are listed below.[1][2]

MO-103

This is one of the most famous MO-4-type boats. On July 30, 1944 she sank the German submarine U-250 in shallow waters of the Baltic Sea. The commander of U-250 and five crewmen survived and were captured. The submarine was raised by Soviet forces in early September and moved to Leningrad. To the delight of the engineers, the submarine had intact secret acoustic torpedoes on board.[1][5]

MO-144

The MO-4-type boat was earlier named MO-113. Sank the German submarine U-679 on January 9, 1945 in the Baltic Sea.[6]

MO-65

The MO-4-type boat was earlier known as PK-125 (while serving in the NKVD Border Troops), SKA-074 and SKA-065 (while serving in the Soviet Navy). The boat was mobilized to the

Senior Lieutenant Pavel Sivenko, received a lot of Soviet military decorations and was also awarded the Navy Distinguished Service Medal of the United States).[7] Survived until the end of the war and was returned to the NKVD Border Troops in July 1945.[8]

SKA-084

The MO-4-type boat was earlier named PK-148 (while serving in the NKVD Border Troops). She was mobilized to the Black Sea Fleet during the Great Patriotic War. The boat destroyed two enemy patrol boats and one aircraft during wartime. The boat also escorted a total of 184 ships on convoying missions and removed 20 sea mines during mine sweeping missions. SKA-084 was the first boat in the Soviet Navy to have the naval 82 mm (3.2 in) Katiusha variant installed. Sunk by artillery fire on September 11, 1943 near Novorossiysk.[9]

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 5-89410-001-1
    , p. 80
  2. ^ a b "Black Sea Fleet website, MO class (in Russian)".
  3. ^ охотник "БМО". Russ-flot.narod.ru. Retrieved on 2010-12-23.
  4. ^ Chernyshev p. 199
  5. ^ "U-250". German U-boats of WWII. Uboat.net. Retrieved 21 December 2010.
  6. ^ "U-679". German U-boats of WWII. Uboat.net. Retrieved 21 December 2010.
  7. ISSN 0321-0626. Archived
    from the original on November 30, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
  8. ISBN 978-5-4444-0938-1
    .
  9. ^ "Морской охотник "ПК-148" Черноморского флота". Kchf.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on June 7, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2024.

Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to MO-class subchaser.
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