Maurice Goldhaber

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Maurice Goldhaber
Fermi Award (1998)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist
InstitutionsCavendish Laboratory
Doctoral advisorJames Chadwick

Maurice Goldhaber (April 18, 1911 – May 11, 2011) was an American physicist, who in 1957 (with Lee Grodzins and Andrew Sunyar) established that neutrinos have negative helicity.

Early life and childhood

He was born on April 18, 1911, in

Lviv, Ukraine to a Jewish family. His son Alfred Goldhaber is a professor at the C. N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics at SUNY Stony Brook. His grandson, David Goldhaber-Gordon is a Physics Professor at Stanford University
.

Education

After beginning his physics studies at the

Magdalene College
.

Career

In 1934, working at the

Cambridge, England he and James Chadwick
, through what they called the nuclear photo-electric effect, established that the neutron has a great enough mass over the proton to decay.

He moved to the

Gertrude Scharff-Goldhaber
he established that beta particles are identical to electrons.

He joined Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1950. With Edward Teller he proposed that the so-called "giant-dipole nuclear resonance" was due to the neutrons in a nucleus vibrating as a group against the protons as a group (Goldhaber-Teller model).

He made a well-known bet with

neutrons are "doubled," that is that each is associated with a similar heavier particle. He also speculated that in what became known as the Goldhaber-Christie model, the so-called strange particles were composites of just 3 basic particles. He was Director of Brookhaven National Laboratory
from 1961 to 1973.

Among his many other awards, he won the

Fermi Award in 1998. He was an elected member of the United States National Academy of Sciences,[5] the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,[6] and the American Philosophical Society.[7]

Maurice Goldhaber's brother

Stanford
.

Death

Goldhaber died May 11, 2011, at his home in East Setauket, New York at 100.[8]

Legacy

In 2001, Brookhaven National Laboratory created the Gertrude and Maurice Goldhaber Distinguished Fellowships in his honor. These Fellowships are awarded to early-career scientists with exceptional talent and credentials who have a strong desire for independent research at the frontiers of their fields.[9]

References

  • G. Feinberg, A.W. Sunyar, J. Weneser, A Festschrift for Maurice Goldhaber, New York Academy of Sciences (1993),
    ISBN 0-89766-086-2
  1. PMID 11773637
  2. ^ Maurice Goldhaber at the President's National Medal of Science
  3. American Academy of Achievement
    .
  4. doi:10.1063/1.2915276
    .
  5. ^ "Maurice Goldhaber". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
  6. ^ "Maurice Goldhaber". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
  7. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
  8. New York Times
    . Retrieved 2011-05-18. Dr. Goldhaber was director of the Brookhaven lab from 1961 to 1973, overseeing experiments there that led to three Nobel Prizes. His most famous contribution to science's basic understanding of how the universe works involved the ghostly, perplexing subatomic particles known as neutrinos.
  9. ^ Goldhaber Distinguished Fellowships

External links

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