Pakistan Naval Air Arm
Pakistan Naval Air Arm | |
---|---|
Sindh, Pakistan | |
Nickname(s) | PNA |
Anniversaries | Navy Day: 6 September |
Engagements | See list
|
Commanders | |
Commander Naval Aviation (COMNAV) | Hawker 850XL, EMT Luna X-2000 |
The Pakistan Naval Air Arm (unofficially: Pakistan Naval Aviation) is the naval aviation branch within the Pakistan Navy that is responsible for aerial operations from the seaborne platform.[1]
The naval aviation branch is responsible for conducting the
The Commander Naval Aviation (COMNAV) command is usually held by a senior officer of Commodore rank who directs the field operations of the naval aviation.
History
Establishment
After the
The Navy had been long aware of the usefulness and tactical advantages of the air-wing after witnessing the
Furthermore, strong objections came from Air Marshal
After the
After the
Atlantique Incident
The Atlantique Incident was a major international incident that occurred on 10 August 1999 when a Pakistan Naval Air Arm patrol aircraft—a Breguet Atlantique with 16 personnel on board—was shot down in the border area of the Kutch region by Indian Air Force jets. Pakistan and India both claimed the aircraft to be in their respective airspace.
Some experts stated that the Atlantique was probably conducting a "probe" on India's air defence system, mainly the radar equipment in the border area; however, they advised that it was not part of any planned aggressive military action by Pakistan.[10] Foreign diplomats who visited the crash site noted that the plane "may have strayed into restricted space", and that Islamabad was unable to explain why it was flying so close to the border; they however added that India's reaction to the incident was not justified.[11] Many countries, the G8, the permanent members of the UN Security Council, as well as the western media questioned the wisdom behind Pakistan's decision to fly military aircraft so close to the Indian border.[12]
On 21 September 1999, Pakistan lodged a compensation claim at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague, accusing India of shooting down an unarmed aircraft. Pakistan sought about US$60 million in reparations from India and compensation for the victims' families. India's attorney general, Soli Sorabjee, argued that the court did not have jurisdiction,[13] citing an exemption it filed in 1974 to exclude disputes between India and other Commonwealth States, and disputes covered by multi-lateral treaties.
On 21 June 2000, the 16-judge Bench headed by Gilbert Guillaume of France ruled—with a 14–2 verdict—upholding India's submission that the court had no jurisdiction in this matter.[14][15] Pakistan's claims were dropped, without recourse to appeal, and the outcome was seen as a decision highly favorable to India.[16][17] The Pakistan government had spent close to 25 million Pakistani rupees (approx. $400,000) on the case.[18]
PNS Mehran Attack
On 22 May 2011,
Organization
Squadrons
Rotary-wing
Established on 17 January 1982, the 111 ASW Squadron, which consists of the Sea King helicopters, is primarily programmed for missile launch capability targeting dived submarines and releasing depth charges.[8][20][21]
- 222 Squadron (ASW)
With the acquisition of Tariq-class destroyers from the Royal Navy, the Navy was additionally able to acquire three Westland Lynx utility helicopters which were inducted into the 222 ASW Squadron.[22] They were later retired in 2003.[23]
In 2006, the Navy re-equipped the 222 ASW squadron by introducing the Harbin Z-9 helicopters which are equipped with sensors and radars to support the F-22P class frigates.[24][8][20][21]
- 333 Squadron (ASW)
In 1977, the 333 ASW squadron was established with the induction of the Aérospatiale Alouette II and the Alouette III rotary aircraft, for which the first group of naval aviators were trained in France.[25][8][20][21]
Fixed-wing
- 27 Squadron (ASW)
In 1982, the 27 ASW Squadron was established with the induction of the
28 ASW squadron was formed by the acquisition of
- 29 ASW Squadron (EW)
In 1973, the Navy entered into talks with
After the retirement of the
- 47 UAV Squadron (ISR)
47 UAV squadron consists of GIDS Uqab UAVs used for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR).[34]
- Pakistan Naval Air Station PNS Mehran, Karachi [20]
- Pakistan Naval Air Station PNS Makran, Pasni [35]
- Naval Air Station PNS Siddique, Turbat [35]
- Naval Air Station PNS Ahsan, Ormara [36][37]
Aircraft
Current inventory
Aircraft | Origin | Type | Variant | In service | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maritime Patrol | |||||
ATR 72 | France / Italy | ASW / maritime patrol | 5[38] | ||
Hawker 800 | United Kingdom | Surveillance / EW | 850XP | 1[39] | |
Lockheed P-3 Orion | United States | ASW / maritime patrol | P-3C | 6[39] | |
Embraer Lineage | Brazil | ASW / SIGINT / ELINT | 1000 | 1 | 9 on order[40] |
Helicopters
| |||||
Westland Sea King | United Kingdom | SAR / utility | Mk.45 | 19[39] | |
Harbin Z-9 | China | SAR / utility | 5[39] | ||
Aérospatiale Alouette III | France | Liaison / utility | 7[39] | ||
UAV | |||||
GIDS Uqab | Pakistan | Surveillance | 20[41] | ||
LUNA NG | Germany | Surveillance | At least 2[42] |
Retired aircraft
Retired aircraft of Pakistan Naval Aviation include the
Gallery
-
A Pakistan Navy Orion on takeoff
-
A Pakistani Westland Sea King
-
ATR 72-500MPA of Pakistan Navy
-
Pakistan Naval Air Arm Alouette III No 36 aboard PNS Tippu Sultan (D185) at the International Festival of the Sea 2005, Portsmouth, UK
See also
References
- ^ a b "Pakistan Navy Official Website". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 4 July 2006. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ John Pike (1 January 1987). "Pakistan". Globalsecurity.org. Archived from the original on 18 May 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ISBN 1-897829-02-7.
- Tahir-Kheli, Shirin; Neuman, Stephanie G . (1984). "§Defense Planning in Pakistan". In Neuman, Stephanie G . (ed.). Defense Planning in Less Industrialised States: The Middle East and South Asia (1st ed.). Massachusetts, U.S.: Lexington Book, Co.
- ^ See Mountbatten to Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir William Dickson (Chief of Defence Staff) . Undated letter but probably late February 1959 and written in response to Dickson's letter
- ^ ISBN 1897829027. Archived(PDF) from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2018.
- ^ a b "Trident, Grandslam and Python: Attacks on Karachi". Archived from the original on 26 September 2009.
- ^ a b c d "111 PNAS". www.paknavy.gov.pk. 111 PNAS. Archived from the original on 31 October 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ISBN 9781438737218. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ "Pakistan Attacks Indian Aircraft". Globalpolicy.org. 12 August 1999. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "South Asia | Pakistani plane 'may have crossed border'". BBC News. 13 August 1999. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "Islamabad's Post-Kargil Challenges". Defencejournal.com. 6 April 1999. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – World". Tribuneindia.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "Cour internationale de Justice | International Court of Justice". Icj-cij.org. Archived from the original on 15 October 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "Case Concerning the Aerial Incident of 10 August 1999" (PDF). www.icj. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Main News". Tribuneindia.com. 22 June 2000. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "SOUTH ASIA | World court blow for Pakistan". BBC News. 21 June 2000. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ "Govt comments sought in Atlantique case – Newspaper". Dawn.Com. 17 July 2002. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ Waldron, Greg (23 May 2011). "Taliban destroy two Pakistan navy P-3Cs". Flightglobal. Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
- ^ a b c d "Pakistan Navy Official Website". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
- ^ a b c "Scramble". www.scramble.nl. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
- ^ a b Shabbir, Usman. "Westland Lynx HAS 3". PakDef Military Consortium. Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ "Lynx Helicopters Available for Sale - History of PIA - Forum". historyofpia.com. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ "222 ASW Squadron". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 1 November 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ "333 ASW squadron". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ a b "Pakistan Navy Bids Farewell to Fokker F27 - History of PIA - Forum". historyofpia.com. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ISBN 9781425900205. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ Mr Bhutto in at Large. Indian National Congress. All India Congress Committee. 4 August 1973. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ "29 ASW Squadron (Atlantic)". www.paknavy.gov.pk. 29 ASW Squadron (Atlantic). Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ "Pakistan Navy Official Website". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ "Pakistan Navy Phases Out Breguet Atlantic Aircraft - History of PIA - Forum". historyofpia.com. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ Team, Quwa (5 July 2020). "ATR-72 Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA)". Quwa. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ Hemanth (10 July 2019). "RAS delivers second RAS 72 Sea Eagle aircraft to Pakistan Navy". Naval Technology. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ "Orbats". www.scramble.nl. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ a b "Understanding the Western Coast of Pakistan". Maritime Study Forum. 18 April 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ "Ground Breaking of new Runway at Naval Air Station Ormara". Pakistan Defence. 3 August 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ Techie (13 November 2020). "CNS Admiral Amjad Khan Niazi Visited Strategic Naval Installations At Gwadar And Ormara". PAKDEFENSE. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- ^ "Pakistan Navy inducts 5th ATR Aircraft". 5 December 2023. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ a b c d e Hoyle, Craig (2023). "World Air Forces 2024". FlightGlobal. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- ^ Vavasseur, Xavier (6 September 2021). "First 'Sea Sultan' Maritime Patrol Aircraft Joins Pakistan Navy". navalnews.com. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
- ^ Waldron, Greg (25 July 2011). "Pakistan navy inducts first UAV squadron". FlightGlobal. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- ^ Dominguez, Gabriel (6 January 2020). "Pakistan Navy inducts LUNA NG UAVs and second ATR-72 MPA". Jane's. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- ^ "World Air Forces 1976". flightglobal.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
- ^ "World Air Forces 2004". flightglobal.com. Archived from the original on 26 August 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.