Parma Calcio 1913

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Parma F.C.
)

Parma
Full nameParma Calcio S.r.l.
Nickname(s)I Crociati (The Crusaders)
I Gialloblu (The Yellow and Blues)
I Ducali (The Duchy Men)
Gli Emiliani (The Emilians)
Founded27 July 1913; 110 years ago (27 July 1913), (as Verdi Foot Ball Club)
StadiumStadio Ennio Tardini
Capacity27,906
PresidentKyle Krause
ManagerFabio Pecchia
LeagueSerie B
2022–23Serie B, 4th of 20
WebsiteClub website
Current season

Parma Calcio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈparma]), commonly known as Parma, is an Italian professional football club based in Parma, Emilia-Romagna, which competes in the Serie B, the second tier of Italian football.

Parma Football Club was originally founded in December 1913, while the current society dates back to 2015. The team has been playing its home matches in the 27,906-seat Stadio Ennio Tardini, often referred to as simply Il Tardini, since 1923.

Financed by Calisto Tanzi, the club won eight trophies between 1992 and 2002, a period in which it achieved its best ever league finish as runners-up in the 1996–97 season. The club has won three Coppa Italia, one Supercoppa Italiana, two UEFA Cups, one European Super Cup and one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.[1][2]

Financial troubles were brought about in late 2003 by the

controlled administration until January 2007. The club was declared bankrupt in 2015 and refounded in the Serie D
, but secured a record three straight promotions to return to the top flight in 2018.

The performance of Parma in the Italian football league structure since the first season of a unified Serie A (1929/30)

History

Early years (1913–1968)

Location of Parma in Italy

The club was founded in July 1913 as Verdi Foot Ball Club in honour of the centenary of famous opera composer Giuseppe Verdi, who was born in the province of Parma. It adopted yellow and blue as its colours.[3][4]

In December of the same year, Parma Foot Ball Club was formed from many of the original club's players and began wearing white shirts emblazoned with a black cross.

Second World War intensified, although the team did make an appearance in the Campianto Alta Italia
in 1944.

1956–57 Parma in Gialloblù shirt

Following the restart of organised football, Parma spent three years in Serie B, then split into two regional divisions, before again being relegated in

Coppa delle Alpi, but relegation to Serie C followed in 1964–65 season. Parma spent just one season in Serie C before a second successive relegation, this time to Serie D
, in 1966.

Rebirth and improvement (1968–1989)

The club was in turmoil and was ordered into liquidation by the Court of Parma in 1968, changing its name to Parma Football Club that year. In 1969, another local team, Associazione Calcio Parmense, won promotion to Serie D. On 1 January 1970, A.C. Parmense adopted the sporting licence of the liquidated club which had been formed in 1913. This meant that it had the right to use the Crociata shirts, the badge and the city's name.[3][4][7] This brought about a change of luck in both financial and sporting terms, as the side was crowned Serie D champions and spent three years in Serie C before promotion to Serie B; however, it was a short stay. The team was relegated back to Serie C in its second season in the division. A return to Serie B did not materialise until the end of the 1970s and the club again lasted only one season in the second division of Italian football.

1973–74 Parma in its classic Crociata shirt

Under the management of

A.C. Milan from the Coppa Italia, a result that convinced owner Silvio Berlusconi to hire Sacchi as the new manager of the Rossoneri. Sacchi's replacement, Zdeněk Zeman
, was fired after just seven matches and replaced by Giampieri Vitali, who secured two consecutive mid-table finishes.

Success and insolvency (1989–2004)

2–1 aggregate win, but Juventus exacted revenge in the Coppa Italia final. Replaced by Carlo Ancelotti, Scala departed in 1996 and was a popular coach for the trophies he won and because the team played attractive football in the tradition of the club.[8]

Nevio Scala trained the squad between 1989 and 1996, taking it from second division to European triumphs.

Ancelotti overhauled the team and guided it to a record second place in

world record transfer fee
and Malesani departed.

Under replacement

won the third Coppa Italia trophy against Juventus (but would slip to defeat in the 2002 Supercoppa Italiana) and finished outside the top six for the first time since promotion in 1990. This success earned it a tag as one of the "Seven Sisters".[15][16] In April 2004, the club was declared insolvent following the financial meltdown of Parmalat and the club remained in special administration for three years.[17][18][19]

Rebirth and another bankruptcy (2004–2015)

The club re-formed as Parma Football Club SpA in June 2004

Calciopoli scandal
.

Hernán Crespo represented the club in two spells (1996–2000 and 2010–2012), winning three trophies and becoming the club's all-time record goalscorer.

On 24 January 2007, Tommaso Ghirardi bought the club out of

the following year was not successful, consigning the club to Serie B after 18 years in the top flight.[4][25]

Francesco Guidolin won promotion back to Serie A at the first attempt with a second-place finish and led the side to eighth on its return to Serie A in 2009–10, narrowly missing out on qualification for the UEFA Europa League before leaving for Udinese. In May 2010, Guidolin swapped jobs with Pasquale Marino, who was sacked by Ghirardi in April 2011 when Parma was caught in another relegation dogfight.[26][27][28] Under Marino's replacement, Franco Colomba, Parma escaped the threat of relegation with two games to spare.[29] In January 2012, Colomba was replaced by Roberto Donadoni following a winless run that culminated in a 5–0 loss to Inter Milan and the new coach led the team to eighth position in a Serie A club record seven-match winning run.[30][31]

In 2014, Donadoni guided Parma to sixth in Serie A and a third consecutive top ten finish, but a return to Europe in the Europa League for the first time since 2007 was barred due to the late payment of income tax on salaries, not qualifying for a UEFA license, for which the club would also be docked points during the 2014–15 Serie A season.[32][33] Financial troubles precipitated a succession of ownership changes and the club's eventual bankruptcy in March 2015 with total liabilities of €218 million, including €63m unpaid salaries.[34][35][36] The club was allowed to finish the season but finished bottom of the league in 20th place. Administrators Angelo Anedda and Alberto Guiotto were forced to put some trophies to sell in an auction in a desperate attempt to raise money to cover the debt. These included: three Coppa Italia won in 1992, 1999 and 2002, the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup from 1993, the 1994 UEFA Super Cup, two UEFA Cup of 1995 and 1999 and the 1999 Supercoppa Italiana.[37]

Another rebirth (2015–present)

Parma awarded at the city hall for its 3rd in-a-row promotion between 2015 and 2018, which brought the club back from Serie D to Serie A

The re-founded club, S.S.D. Parma Calcio 1913, was formed in July 2015, taking its name from the year of foundation of the predecessor club and securing a place in the

Delta Rovigo, ending the season in first place with 94 points from 38 games, and an unbeaten run of 28 victories and 10 draws.[41][42]

Parma ended the

Alessandria in the promotion play-off final.[43]

On 18 May 2018, Parma achieved a third promotion in three seasons, becoming the first Italian football club to achieve this, having finished the

Empoli and level on points with Frosinone, but achieving automatic promotion due to a better head-to-head record, thus making a comeback to the top flight for the next season in 2018–19 Serie A just three seasons after their bankruptcy relegation to Serie D.[44]

On 23 July 2018, Parma were handed a 5 point deduction for the 2018–19 Serie A season, following text messages from Parma player

Emanuele Calaio "eliciting a reduced effort" from two players of Spezia (Filippo De Col and Claudio Terzi) during the 2017–18 season, a match Parma won 2–0 to secure promotion.[45] On 9 August, Parma had the 5-point deduction expunged.[46] In the club's first season back in Serie A, they managed to achieve a 14th placed finish on the table, three points above the relegation zone.[47]

For the 2019–20 Serie A season, Parma finished in 11th place with 49 points. Dejan Kulusevski, playing for Parma on loan from Atalanta, won the Best Young Player in Serie A award.[48]

Ahead of the 2020–21 Serie A season, manager Roberto D'Aversa was sacked on 23 August 2020 and replaced by Fabio Liverani.[49] Liverani would only last until 7 January 2021, himself being replaced by his predecessor D'Aversa. Parma finished the season in bottom place, managing just three wins from 38 games and were relegated to Serie B. In September 2020, Parma was purchased by American Kyle Krause.[50]

Enzo Maresca was appointed as the new head coach for the 2021–22 Serie B season.[51] Maresca was sacked on 23 November 2021[52] and replaced by Giuseppe Iachini the same day.[53] Parma finished the season in 12th place. Argentinian attacher Franco Vázquez was the joint second highest scorer in the league with 14 goals. Fabio Pecchia took over as coach for the 2022–23 Serie B season.[54]

Colours and badge

Originally, the club wore yellow and blue chequered shirts in honour of the city's traditional colours, which date back to 1545 when the

Juventus' colours, following a name change.[5]
White continued to be worn as the main colour of the home kits for much of the remainder of the century, although often complemented with yellow, blue or both, rather than black. The club did, however, experiment in the 1950s with blue shirts and blue and yellow striped shirts. The cross shirts were restored and worn until bankruptcy in 1968, when white shirts with off-centre blue and yellow vertical bands were worn, but the cross returned from 1970 until 1983 when a yellow and blue-sleeved white shirt was introduced and used for 8 years.

After decades in the lower divisions, Parma was promoted to Serie A in 1990, where the side immediately became a major force in the battle for major trophies, on many notable occasions in direct opposition to Juventus, who would become fierce rivals of Parma's. This rivalry and the influence of Parmalat led to the demotion of the white shirts to the away kit, so the side wore yellow and blue hooped shirts at home for six seasons between 1998 and 2004, and navy blue shirts often worn as third choice in this period. This was a time of great success for the club, thus the shirts became synonymous with Parma, often still called the Gialloblù (Yellow and Blues) today, despite a recent reversion to the traditional white shirts emblazoned with a cross caused by parent company Parmalat's collapse and the clubs subsequent re-foundation as Parma Football Club. Yellow and blue were Parma's traditional change colours, used in various combinations from 2004 to 2015, such as vertical stripes, hoops, crosses or as solid colour designs.[56]

Parma's logo changed in 2005 to reflect the name change from Parma A.C. to Parma F.C., but the logo otherwise remained the same, encompassing the city colours of yellow and blue and the club's traditional black cross set on a white background, and has not changed much in years, although it was dramatically overhauled to feature a prancing bull for one season in 2000–01 before it was criticised and discontinued in favour of the old badge. A new badge with broadly similar features was introduced for the 2014–15 season following the use of a commemorative centenary badge for the 2013–14 campaign.[57] The newly formed club in 2015 adopted a new logo before acquiring the rights to a number of legacy items for €250,000 a year later.[58]

  • Parma F.C.'s crest until 2012
    Parma F.C.'s crest until 2012
  • Parma F.C. logo, 2014–15
    Parma F.C. logo, 2014–15
  • S.S.D. Parma Calcio 1913 badge, 2015–16
    S.S.D. Parma Calcio 1913 badge, 2015–16

Grounds

A view of a football pitch and the stands surrounding it from the view of one corner.
Stadio Ennio Tardini, Parma's home stadium

Parma initially had no permanent home and used the Piazza d'Armi, where two wooden posts constituted the frame of each goal. In December 1914, the club began to use land between the

Via Emilia, the Eridania refinery and the Ferraguti factory, but it was sold, so the club returned to the Piazza d'Armi before transferring to the Tre Pioppi, the first fenced-off pitch in the city.[59] Parma moved into the Stadio Ennio Tardini in 1923 and remains there today, although the stadium saw drastic change from the vision of Ennio Tardini, under whose auspices the stadium was to be built, but who died before completion of the venue.[60][61] Much of the renovation took place after the club's first promotion to Serie A at the start of the 1990s.[6]

Since 1996, the first team has trained and played friendly matches at the

youth teams also play their home matches in the same complex. Until 2015, younger youth teams trained at Campi Stuard but now train at Collechio.[60] In 2018, the refounded Parma Calcio 1913 acquired the centre from the administrator of Eventi Sportivi S.p.A., the parent company of Parma F.C., and the former owner of the centre, for about €3 million.[62][63]

Support

Duchy of Parma
 – whose colours are the inspiration for many of the club's kits

The supporters of Parma are seen as placid fans.

number 12 shirt has been reserved for the Parma fans, meaning no player is registered to play with that number on his kit for the club. The implication is that the supporters, particularly those of the famous Curva Nord, are the twelfth man. The last player to be registered with the number was Gabriele Giroli for the 2002–03 season. Parma's club anthem is Il grido di battaglia, which means "The Battle Cry".[68]

Rivalries

Parma maintains rivalries with regional and national clubs; some of these are keenly fought

Carrarese
, to Parma's north and south, respectively, are both seen as rivals too.

Juventus is considered a great rival of Parma largely due to their recent duels, which include Parma's

Genoa
.

In Italy, it is common for clubs to be twinned in an arrangement called gemellaggi. This is a practice uncommon elsewhere.

Sampdoria.[77][78]

Ownership and finances

In 1991, the club was bought by multinational Italian dairy and food corporation Parmalat. This was the platform for success on the pitch but the club eventually succumbed to administration in 2004 due to Parmalat's massive bankruptcy with debts of $20 billion and fraudulent activity at Parmalat worth over €10 billion and a €167 million net loss by the club in 2003.[16][18][35][79][80] On 24 January 2007, engineering entrepreneur Tommaso Ghirardi bought the club after three years of administration for $39 million and incorporated Eventi Sportivi as a holding company owning 100% of the club's shares of €20 million nominal value.[22] Eventi Sportivi Srl (later S.p.A.), at first had a share capital of just €3 million, with Banca Monte Parma, owned 10% of the shares as minority.[81] By 21 January 2009, Ghirardi's ownership of Eventi Sportivi was 75% with Banca Monte Parma holding 10% and Marco Ferrari, former vice-president Diego Penocchio and Penocchio's company Brixia Incipit each owning 5%.[82] In July 2011, Ghirardi sold to both Alberto Rossi and Alberto Volpi 5% each of Eventi Sportivi.[83] On 29 February 2014, Energy T.I. Group bought 10% of the shares in the club from Eventi Sportivi.[84]

Parma-born motorsport businessman Giampaolo Dallara was a founding investor in S.S.D. Parma Calcio 1913.

On 19 December 2014 and as a result of a ruling which barred the club from a first

European campaign under Tommaso Ghirardi, Ghirardi sold his 66.55% controlling stake in Eventi Sportivi to Dastraso Holding Ltd, a company based in Cyprus and controlled by Rezart Taçi for €1, at which point the club was $200 million in debt.[35][85][86] The club became the third Serie A club to become foreign-owned as a result and Albanian Emir Kodra was installed as president.[87][88]

In February 2015, Taci sold his stake to Giampietro Manenti for the price he bought it, €1, less than two months after buying it, at which point salaries at the financially stricken club had not been paid since the previous summer.[35][89][90][91][92][93] With Parma bottom of Serie A, Manenti was arrested in March 2015 on allegations of money laundering and his involvement in a credit card fraud ring, imperilling the already precarious situation as the club was plunged further into debt.[35][94]

On 19 March 2015, the club was declared bankrupt with a total

Article 52 of N.O.I.F. to allow the club to remain in Serie B.[97][98] Other debts of the club were either waived by the footballers or settled by the administrator. New investor was not required to repay the subordinated debt and bank debt of the old company. The medals of Parma, which was owned by the company, as well as Centro Sportivo di Collecchio which was owned by its holding company Eventi Sportivi, were under auction after the bankruptcy.[99]

The phoenix club S.S.D. Parma Calcio 1913 S.r.L. was incorporated in 2015 under the ownership of Nuovo Inizio SrL with share capital of €250,000. Nuovo Inizio was owned by a number of backers including representatives of Parmalat and local businessmen

Barilla Group), Paolo Pizzarotti (president of Impresa Pizzarotti), Mauro Del Rio and Giampaolo Dallara.[35][100][101] The new owners sought to overhaul the core philosophy of Italian club ownership and formed Parma Partecipazioni Calcistiche SrL to act as a vehicle for fan ownership, so issued a further €89,286 of shares to that company. Fans therefore own approximately 25% of the club at a cost of €500 per share.[102]

In June 2017, Chinese businessman Jiang Lizhang's Desports group acquired a 60% majority stake in the club. The seven local businessman who launched the club in 2015 retained 30% of the club, while the remaining 10% remained in the hands of fans through Parma Partecipazione Calcistiche.[36][103][104] At the end of October 2018 the local Nuovo Inizio group regained control of the club reacquiring 60% of the shares, with the Chinese partners forced to downsize to 30% in light of alleged lack of diligence in meeting their obligations, while 10% remained unchanged in the public company Partecipazioni Calcistiche. On 9 November Parma Calcio held a shareholders' Meeting to appoint a new board of directors, at the end of which Pietro Pizzarotti, at the time vice-president, was appointed the new president of the club.[105][106]

In 2020, Parma were purchased by the Krause Group, owners of American-based convenience store chain Kum & Go.[107]

Since 2013 the main sponsor is Cetilar by Pharmanutra.[108]

Players

Current squad

As of 3 September 2023[109]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK Argentina ARG Leandro Chichizola
3 DF Venezuela VEN Yordan Osorio
4 DF Hungary HUN Botond Balogh
7 FW Poland POL Adrian Benedyczak
8 MF Argentina ARG Nahuel Estévez
9 FW Republic of the Congo CGO Gabriel Charpentier
10 MF Spain ESP Adrián Bernabé
11 FW Slovenia SVN Tjaš Begić
13 FW France FRA Ange-Yoan Bonny
14 DF Argentina ARG Cristian Ansaldi
15 DF Italy ITA Enrico Del Prato
17 FW Croatia CRO Antonio Čolak
19 MF Switzerland SUI Simon Sohm
20 MF France FRA Antoine Hainaut
No. Pos. Nation Player
21 FW Italy ITA Anthony Partipilo
22 GK Slovenia SVN Martin Turk
23 MF Ivory Coast CIV Drissa Camara
26 DF France FRA Woyo Coulibaly
27 MF Brazil BRA Hernani
28 MF Romania ROU Valentin Mihăilă
30 DF Argentina ARG Lautaro Valenti
39 DF Australia AUS Alessandro Circati
40 GK Italy ITA Edoardo Corvi
47 DF Greece GRE Vasilios Zagaritis
61 FW Tunisia TUN Anas Haj Mohamed
64 MF France FRA Wylan Cyprien
77 DF Italy ITA Gianluca Di Chiara
98 MF Romania ROU Dennis Man

Others players under contract

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
GK Italy ITA Francesco Borriello
No. Pos. Nation Player
FW Italy ITA Paolo Napoletano

Out on loan

As of 6 September 2023

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
GK Italy ITA Filippo Rinaldi (at Olbia until 30 June 2024)
DF Belgium BEL Elias Cobbaut (at Mechelen until 30 June 2024)
DF Italy ITA Giovanni Vaglica (at
Trento
until 30 June 2024)
MF France FRA Nathan Buayi-Kiala (at Auxerre until 30 June 2024)
MF Croatia CRO Stanko Jurić (at Valladolid until 30 June 2024)
MF Italy ITA Stefano Palmucci (at Fermana until 30 June 2024)
No. Pos. Nation Player
MF Italy ITA Fabian Pavone (at Turris until 30 June 2024)
FW Italy ITA Daniele Iacoponi (at Rimini until 30 June 2024)
FW Italy ITA Eric Lanini (at Benevento until 30 June 2024)
FW Latvia LVA Dario Šits (at SPAL until 30 June 2024)
FW Italy ITA Gennaro Tutino (at Cosenza until 30 June 2024)
FW Italy ITA Roberto Inglese (at Lecco until 30 June 2024)

Retired numbers

6 – The club announced the retirement of the shirt number worn by club's captain Alessandro Lucarelli after his retirement announcement. Lucarelli holds the record for league appearances for the club and stayed with the club from its 2015 relegation from Serie A to Serie D following bankruptcy and through its three straight promotions back to Serie A between 2015 and 2018.[110]

12 – From the

Curva Nord of the Stadio Ennio Tardini, as a sign of recognition towards the fans who sit in the Curva Nord, considered the 12th man on the pitch.[111]

Academy

Below the first team, the club runs six teams at youth level, as well as a ladies' team.[112]

Former players

Club captains

Player records

Club officials

Owner

  • Kyle Krause
Club management[113]
  • President: Kyle Krause
Coaching staff

Chairmen history

Parma has had numerous chairmen over the course of its history; here is a complete list of them:[114]

 
Name Years
Violi, Porcelli and Spaggiari 1913–14
Carlo Melli and Alberto Poletti 1914–15
Ing. Tedeschi 1919–20
Conte L. Lusignani 1920–21
Ennio Tardini 1921–23
Gabbi 1923–24
Giuseppe Muggia and Amoretti 1924–25
Aldo Ortali 1925–26
Giovanni Canali 1926–28
Emilio Grossi 1928–29
Giuseppe Amoretti 1929–30
Cesare Minelli 1930–35
Emilio Grossi 1935–36
Filippo Bonati 1936–37
Nino Medioli 1937–38
Medardo Ghini 1938–40
Giuseppe Scotti 1940–43
Giorgio Zanichelli 1945–46
Raimondo Bortesi 1946–47
Amerigo Ghirardi 1947–48
Bruno Avanzini 1948–51
Bonifazio Lupi di Soragna 1951–53
Umberto Agnetti, Del Frate, Campanini and Viani 1953–54
Fabrizio Cartolari 1954–58
 
Name Years
Giuseppe Agnetti 1958–65
Walter Molinari 1965–66
Gino Camorali 1966–67
Vittorio Blarzino 1967–68
Zanichelli and Pizzighoni 1968–69
Ermes Foglia 1969–73
Arnaldo Musini 1973–76
Ernesto Ceresini 1976–90
Fulvio Ceresini 1990
Giorgio Pedraneschi 1990–96
Stefano Tanzi 1996–04
Enrico Bondi 2004
Guido Angiolini 2004–06
Enrico Bondi 2006–07
Tommaso Ghirardi 2007–2014
Pietro Doca 2014[115]
Fabio Giordano 2014–15[115][116]
Ermir Kodra 2015[116][88]
Giampietro Manenti 2015[116][117]
Nevio Scala 2015–2016[100]
Jiang Lizhang 2017–2018
Pietro Pizzarotti 2018–2020
Kyle J.Krause 2020–present

Managerial history

Below is a list of Parma managers since the end of the First World War until the present day.[114]

 
Name Nationality Years
Violi,
Porcelli,
Spaggiari
Italy
Italy
Italy
1919–20
Percy Humphrey England 1920–21
Adolf Riebe Austria 1921–23
Guido Ara Italy 1923–24
Gabbi,
Forlivesi
Italy
Italy
1924–25
Carlo Achatzi Italy 1925–26
Ghini,
Stuardt
Italy
Austria
1926–27
Emilio Grossi Italy 1927–28
Raoul Violi Italy 1928–29
Emilio Grossi Italy 1929–30
Armand Halmos Hungary 1930–31
Emilio Grossi Italy 1931–32
Crotti Italy 1932–33
Tito Mistrali Italy 1933–36
Alfredo Mattioli Italy 1936–37
Elvio Banchero Italy 1937–38
Pál Szalaj Hungary 1938–39
József Wereb Hungary 1939–40
Sam Trevors England 1940–42
Italo Defendi Italy 1942–43
Giuseppe Carlo Ferrari Italy 1945–46
Renato Cattaneo
,
Lombatti,
Frione,
Mistrali
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
1946–47
Bruno Dentelli,
Giovanni Mazzoni,
Dietrich,
Tagliani
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
1947–48
Renato Cattaneo,
Giuberti,
Mistrali,
Giuseppe Carlo Ferrari,
Lombatti,
Carlo Rigotti
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
1948–49
 
Name Nationality Years
Carlo Rigotti Italy 1949–50
Giovanni Mazzoni,
Boni,
Mattioli
Italy
Italy
Italy
1950–51
Paolo Tabanelli Italy 1951–53
Carlo Alberto Quario Italy 1953–54
Ivo Fiorentini Italy 1954–56
Oliveri,
Giuberti
Italy
Italy
1956–57
Čestmír Vycpálek Czech Republic 1956–58
Guido Mazetti Italy 1958–60
Mario Genta Italy 1960–62
Canforini Italy 1962–63
Diotallevi,
Arnaldo Sentimenti
Italy
Italy
1963–64
Oliveri,
Giuberti
Italy
Italy
1956–57
Bruno Arcari Italy 1964–65
Ivano Corghi Italy 1965–66
Dante Boni Italy 1965–67
Giancarlo Vitali Italy 1967–68
Dante Boni Italy 1968–69
Giancarlo Vitali Italy 1969–70
Stefano Angeleri Italy 1970–72
Antonio Soncini Italy 1972
Giorgio Sereni Italy 1973–74
Renato Gei Italy 1974–75
Giovanni Meregalli Italy 1975–76
Tito Corsi Italy 1976–77
Bruno Mora Italy 1977
Gianni Corelli,
Giorgio Visconti
Italy
Italy
1977–78
Graziano Landoni Italy 1978
Cesare Maldini Italy 1978–80
Domenico Rosati Italy 1980–81
Giorgio Sereni Italy 1981
Giancarlo Danova Italy 1981–83
 
Name Nationality Years
Bruno Mora Italy 1983
Marino Perani Italy 1983–85
Silvano Flaborea Italy 1985
Pietro Carmignani Italy 1985
Arrigo Sacchi Italy 1985–87
Zdeněk Zeman Czech Republic 1987
Giampiero Vitali Italy 1987–89
Nevio Scala Italy 1989–96
Carlo Ancelotti Italy 1996–98
Alberto Malesani Italy 1998–01
Arrigo Sacchi Italy 2001
Renzo Ulivieri Italy 2001
Daniel Passarella Argentina 2001
Pietro Carmignani Italy 2001–02
Cesare Prandelli Italy 2002–04
Silvio Baldini Italy 2004–05
Pietro Carmignani Italy 2005
Mario Beretta Italy 2005–06
Stefano Pioli Italy 2006–07
Claudio Ranieri Italy 2007
Domenico Di Carlo Italy 2007–08
Héctor Cúper Argentina 2008
Andrea Manzo Italy 2008
Luigi Cagni Italy 2008
Francesco Guidolin Italy 2008–10
Pasquale Marino Italy 2010–11
Franco Colomba Italy 2011–12
Roberto Donadoni Italy 2012–15
Luigi Apolloni Italy 2015–16
Roberto D'Aversa Italy 2016–20
Fabio Liverani Italy 2020–21
Roberto D'Aversa Italy 2021
Enzo Maresca Italy 2021
Giuseppe Iachini Italy 2021–2022
Fabio Pecchia Italy 2022–

Honours

Parma has won eight major titles in its history, all coming in a period of ten years between 1992 and 2002.

Juventus and Inter Milan
), and one of thirteen Italian clubs to have won multiple major titles.

National

European

Updated 10/5/23

Divisional movements

Series Years Last Promotions Relegations
A 27 2020–21 - Decrease 3 (
2021
)
B 28 2021–22 Increase 3 (
2009, 2018
)
Decrease 6 (1932, 1949, 1965, 1975, 1980, 1985)
C 30 2016–17 Increase 7 (
2017
)
Decrease 1 (1966)
85 out of 90 years of professional football in Italy since 1929
D 5 2015–16 Increase 2 (1970, 2016) never

Notes

  1. ^ Derby dell'Enza translates to Enza Derby. The River Enza is an affluence of Italy's longest river, the Po, and forms the boundary of the provinces of Parma and Reggio Emilia.
  2. Emilia is a region that approximately corresponds to the western and north-eastern portions of today's Emilia-Romagna. The region takes its name from the Via Aemilia
    , a Roman road in 187 BCE.
  3. Parma. These territories were competing and neighbouring duchies during the Renaissance
    .
  4. ^ Derby del Ducato is the Italian equivalent of Derby of the Duchy. The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 and became the unified Duchies of Parma and Piacenza in 1556.
  5. ^ At the time, this was one of 3 parallel regional third tier divisions.
  6. ^ a b At the time, this was one of 2 parallel regional third tier divisions.
  7. ^ At the time, this was one of 9 parallel regional fourth tier divisions.

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Bibliography

External links