Potassium bicarbonate
Names | |
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IUPAC name
potassium hydrogencarbonate
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Other names
potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium acid carbonate
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Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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4535309 | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
DrugBank | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.005.509 |
EC Number |
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E number | E501(ii) (acidity regulators, ...) |
KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
KHCO3 | |
Molar mass | 100.115 g/mol |
Appearance | white crystals |
Odor | odorless |
Density | 2.17 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 292 °C (558 °F; 565 K) (decomposes) |
22.4 g/100 mL (20 °C)[1] | |
Solubility | practically insoluble in alcohol |
Acidity (pKa) | 10.329[2]
6.351 (carbonic acid)[2] |
Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of (ΔfH⦵298)formation |
-963.2 kJ/mol |
Pharmacology | |
A12BA04 (WHO) | |
Hazards[3] | |
GHS labelling: | |
Warning | |
H315, H319, H335 | |
P261, P264, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P332+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | Non-Flammable |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
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> 2000 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | MSDS |
Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Potassium carbonate |
Other cations
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Sodium bicarbonate Ammonium bicarbonate |
Related compounds
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Potassium bisulfate Monopotassium phosphate Dipotassium phosphate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Potassium bicarbonate (
Production and reactivity
It is manufactured by treating an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate with carbon dioxide:[1]
- K2CO3 + CO2 + H2O → 2 KHCO3
Decomposition of the bicarbonate occurs between 100 and 120 °C (212 and 248 °F):
- 2 KHCO3 → K2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
This reaction is employed to prepare high purity potassium carbonate.
Uses
Food and drink
This compound is a source of
As an inexpensive, nontoxic
Potassium bicarbonate is often added to bottled water to improve taste,[7] and is also used in club soda.
Medical uses and health
Higher potassium intake may prevent development of kidney stone disease.[8] Higher potassium intake is associated with a reduced risk of stroke.[9]
Fire extinguishers
Potassium bicarbonate is used as a
Agriculture
Potassium bicarbonate has widespread use in crops, especially for
Potassium bicarbonate is an effective fungicide against powdery mildew and apple scab, allowed for use in organic farming.[12][13][14][15]
Potassium bicarbonate is a contact killer for Spanish moss when mixed 1⁄4 cup per gallon.[16]
History
The word saleratus, from
References
- ^ ISBN 3-527-30673-0.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8493-0595-5. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
- ^ "Potassium bicarbonate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
- ^ "Potassium Bicarbonate". encyclopedia.com. Cengage. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
- ^ "Home cooking with less salt". harvard.edu. Harvard University. March 2020. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
- ^ Wilkens, Katy G. (15 December 2018). "You Have the (Baking) Power with Low-Sodium Baking Powders". agingkingcounty.org. Aging & Disability Services for Seattle & King County. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
- ^ "Why Your Bottled Water Contains Four Different Ingredients". Time Magazine. July 24, 2014.
- PMID 18724413.
- PMID 27792643.
- ^ "Purple-K-Powder". US Naval Research Laboratory. Archived from the original on 15 February 2009. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
- ^ "Potassium Bicarbonate Handbook" (PDF). Armand Products Company. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-01-22. Retrieved 2016-09-06.
- ^ "Use of Baking Soda as a Fungicide". Archived from the original on 2010-05-07. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
- ^ "Powdery Mildew - Sustainable Gardening Australia". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.
- ^ "Organic Fruit Production in Michigan".
- ^ "Efficacy of Armicarb (potassium bicarbonate) against scab and sooty blotch on apples" (PDF).
- ^ "How to Toss Your Spanish Moss". SkyFrog landscape company. 4 December 2020.
- ^ "saleratus". merriam-webster.com. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
External links
- Potassium Bicarbonate Handbook Archived 2021-01-22 at the Wayback Machine
- OMRI Potassium Bicarbonate
- Safety Data sheet - potassium bicarbonate
- New International Encyclopedia. 1905. .