Prussian Confederation
The Prussian Confederation (
In 1454, the leader of the Confederation,
Background
According to the 1411
Establishment
After about three decades of growing discontent, the burghers, nobility and landowners from the Teutonic state (see
After Grand Master Paul von Rusdorf died in 1441, his successor, Konrad von Erlichshausen, continued to negotiate a compromise until his own death in 1449. The confederation lobbied for support against the Teutonic Order within the Holy Roman Empire. Ludwig von Erlichshausen, Grand Master from 1450 to 1467, took a more aggressive stance towards the confederation. He filed a lawsuit at the court of Emperor Frederick III. In response, the organization established a secret council to confer during the trial.[4] The secret council held talks with Poland, and organized forces to revolt against the Teutonic Knights.[5] The verdict of the Imperial court of 1453 declared the confederation illegal, however, the verdict was not recognized by the organization nor by Poland.[6]
Thirteen Years' War
In February 1454, the Prussian Confederation rose against the Teutonic Order's rule.
The resulting
Aftermath
Both the Polish and Teutonic sides agreed to seek the confirmation of the Second Peace of Thorn from Emperor Frederick III and Pope Paul II, but they also agreed that this confirmation would not be needed for validation of the treaty. Soon after, however, a dispute about the status of the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia started a smaller conflict called the War of the Priests.
Participating towns
Towns which founded the Prussian Confederation on 14 March 1440:[2]
Name |
---|
Thorn (Toruń) including "New Town" |
Culm (Chełmno) |
Elbing (Elbląg) including "New Town" |
Danzig (Gdańsk) |
Braunsberg (Braniewo) |
Königsberg (Królewiec), including Kneiphof (Knipawa) and "Old Town" |
Graudenz (Grudziądz) |
Strasburg (Brodnica) |
Neumark (Nowe Miasto Lubawskie) |
Löbau (Lubawa) |
Rehden (Radzyń Chełmiński) |
Wehlau (Welawa, now Znamensk) |
Allenburg (Alembork, now Druzhba) |
Zinten (Cynty, now Kornevo) |
Heiligenbeil (Święta Siekierka, now Mamonovo) |
Landsberg (Górowo Iławeckie) |
Towns which joined the Prussian Confederation in 1440:
Name | Date of accession |
---|---|
Starogard | 31 March 1440[12] |
Morąg | 3 April 1440[12] |
Pasłęk | |
Miłakowo | |
Tolkmicko | |
Młynary | |
Tczew | |
Gniew | |
Old Town of Danzig (Gdańsk)
| |
Neuenburg (Nowe) | |
Lauenburg (Lębork) | |
Leba (Łeba) | |
Hela (Hel) | |
Putzig (Puck) | |
Marienwerder (Kwidzyn) | 17 April 1440[12] |
Chojnice | 1 May 1440[12] |
Malbork | 5 May 1440[12] |
Bartoszyce | |
Sępopol | |
Rastembork (Kętrzyn) | |
Friedland (Frydląd, now Pravdinsk) | |
Orneta | |
Lidzbark Warmiński | |
Reszel | |
Dobre Miasto | |
Wartembork (Barczewo) | |
Jeziorany | |
Bisztynek | |
Olsztyn | |
Frombork | |
Melzak (Pieniężno) | |
Tuchola | 6 May 1440[12] |
Kreuzburg (Krzyżbork, now Slavskoye) | 30 May 1440[13] |
Domnau (Domnowo, now Domnovo) | |
Sztum | 21 June 1440[13] |
Gerdauen (Gierdawy, now Zheleznodorozhny) | 18 October 1440[13] |
Further towns joined in the following years, including Człuchów, Pasym, Nidzica, Działdowo, Dąbrówno, Olsztynek, Prabuty, Chełmża.[13][14]
Further nobles joined following the outbreak of the Thirteen Years' War, and the towns of Dzierzgoń, Łuczany (now Giżycko) and Nowy Staw also sided with Poland in the war,[15][16][17] and several more also recognized Polish rule and pledged allegiance to Poland, including Czarne, Debrzno, Golub, Kowalewo, Lidzbark, Łasin, Wąbrzeźno.[18][19][20]
References
- ^ a b Górski 1949, p. XXXI.
- ^ a b Leba im Preußischen Bund, "Lawrenz - Preußischer Bund" (in German). Archived from the original on 2008-02-05. Retrieved 2007-10-07.
- ^ Górski 1949, p. XLI.
- ^ Górski 1949, p. XLII.
- ^ Górski 1949, p. XLIV.
- ^ Górski 1949, p. XLV.
- ^ Górski 1949, p. 54.
- ^ Górski 1949, pp. 71–72.
- ^ Górski 1949, pp. 88–90, 206–207.
- ^ Górski 1949, pp. 91–92, 209–210.
- ^ Górski 1949, pp. 96–97, 214–215.
- ^ a b c d e f Górski 1949, p. XXXVII.
- ^ a b c d Górski 1949, p. XXXVIII.
- ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom I (in Polish). Warszawa. 1880. pp. 569, 862.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom II (in Polish). Warszawa. 1881. p. 281.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom V (in Polish). Warszawa. 1884. p. 113.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VII (in Polish). Warszawa. 1886. p. 161.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Górski 1949, p. 76.
- ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom I (in Polish). Warszawa. 1880. p. 743.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom II. p. 417.
Bibliography
- Górski, Karol (1949). Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni.