Barczewo
Barczewo | |
---|---|
UTC+2 (CEST) | |
Postal code | 11-010 |
Area code | +48 89 |
Car plates | NOL |
National roads | |
Voivodeship roads | |
Primary airport | Olsztyn-Mazury Airport |
Website | http://www.barczewo.pl |
Barczewo
Name
The German name of the town ("Wartenburg") has its origins from the town of Wartenburg (Elbe).[5] In Polish the town was known historically as Wartembork, Wartenberg, Wartenbergk, Wathberg, Bartenburg, Warperc, Wasperc, Wartbór or Wartbórz.
In the aftermath of World War II, the town was transferred from Germany back to Poland. Commission for the Determination of Place Names decided to change the town's name. It was briefly named Nowowiejsk, after local composer Feliks Nowowiejski, in September 1946. In December that year the Commission settled on another name, Barczewo, honouring Polish national activist who fought against Prussian oppression of Poles in Warmia, Walenty Barczewski (1865–1928).[6]
History
The town was first located in 1325 but was soon after destroyed by Lithuanians. The rebuild town was granted city rights in 1364. It was known at the time as Wartberg.[6]
In 1440 the town joined the
According to German statistics Poles constituted 72% of population in 1825
A Jewish Synagogue was built in 1847, and a Jewish cemetery from the 19th century exists as well.[14] During the January Uprising in 1860s in the Russian Partition of Poland, the town was the local centre of supplying medicine, food and even firearms to Polish rebels, with the Polish society in the town becoming active in war effort and led by August Sokołowski .[15] In 1885 a mass rally was organised by Poles, demanding among others that Polish children should be allowed to use their language in education[16] In 1886 a bookstore with Polish books and publications was opened in the town and came into conflict with German authorities who wanted it to remove Polish language signs.[17]
In the
Historical population
- 1825: 2,090 including by mother tongue 1,500 Poles (72%) and 590 Germans (28%).[9]
- 1837: 2,550 including by mother tongue 1,794 Poles (70%) and 756 Germans (30%).[9]
- 1861: 3,272 (77 Jews)
- 1880: 4,499 (111 Jews)
- 1933: 4,818 (40 Jews)
- 1939: 5,841 (23 Jews)[14][25]
Sites of interest
There is a preserved historic Old Town in Barczewo, with several distinctive monuments, including the Brick Gothic St. Anne church, and the Gothic-Renaissance-Baroque Saint Andrew church, which contains a Mannerist cenotaph of Andrew Báthory and Balthasar Báthory, cousins of Polish King Stephen Báthory. The Feliks Nowowiejski Museum,[26] dedicated to Polish composer and organist Feliks Nowowiejski is located at his birthplace and family home in the Old Town. There are also remains of the old Barczewo Castle.
Transport
The Polish National road 16 and Voivodeship road 595 pass through the town. There is also a train station.
Sports
The local football club is Pisa Barczewo.[27] It competes in the lower leagues.
Notable people
- Feliks Nowowiejski (1877–1946), Polish composer
- Roman Catholicpriest
- Tomasz Zahorski (born 1984), Polish footballer
International relations
Twin towns - sister cities
- Hagen am Teutoburger Wald, Germany
References
- ^ "Burmistrz". barczewo.bip.net.pl (in Polish). Bulletin of Public Information. Retrieved 2022-08-30.
- ^ "Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved 2022-08-30. Category K1, group G441, subgroup P1410. Data for territorial unit 2814014.
- ^ a b "Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved 2022-08-30. Category K3, group G7, subgroup P1336. Data for territorial unit 2814014.
- ^ "Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved 2022-08-30. Category K3, group G7, subgroup P2425. Data for territorial unit 2814014.
- ^ a b Jackiewicz-Garniec, Malgorzata; Garniec, Miroslaw (2009). Burgen im Deutschordensstaat Preussen (in German). p. 76.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Barczewo.pl Archived April 26, 2012, at the Wayback Machine (in Polish)
- ^ Górski, Karol (1949). Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni. pp. XXXVII, 54.
- ^ Górski, p. 99
- ^ a b c d von Haxthausen, August (1839). Die ländliche verfassung in den einzelnen provinzen der Preussischen Monarchie (in German). Königsberg: Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung. p. 78.
- ^ Zabytkowe ośrodki miejskie Warmii i MazurLucjan Czubiel, Tadeusz Domagała, page 81, 1969
- ^ Historia Pomorza: (1815-1850)gospodarka, społeczeństwo, ustrójGerard Labuda Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, page 163, 1993
- ^ Na przełomie lat 1819-1920 postanowiono rozwiązać klasztor, który był twierdzą polskości. W 1821 r., dokonano sekularyzacji, zmuszając zakonników do opuszczenia klasztoru. Wraz ze śmiercią ostatniego gwardiana, o. Tyburcjusza Bojarzynowskiego (1830), ostatni zakonnicy opuścili klasztor, który tego samego roku całkowicie opustoszał Archived April 26, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Wojciech Zenderowski, „Wiadomości Barczewskie”, 1999, 86, s. 11
- ^ a b c "sztetl.org". sztetl.org. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ Dzieje Warmii i Mazur w zarysie, Tomy 1-2, Jerzy Sikorski, Stanisław Szostakowski, Ośrodek Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego w Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, page 300, 1981.
- ^ Przebudzenie narodowe Warmii, 1886-1893 Andrzej Wakar, Wydawnictwo Pojezierze, page 23, 19821
- ^ Słownik pracowników książki polskiej, Tom 1, Irena Treichel Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, page 97, 1972
- ^ Charakterystyka zasobów i analiza stanu dziedzictwa kulturowego i krajobrazu kulturowego Gminy Barczewo (in Polish). Dziennik Urzedowy Województwa Warminsko-Mazurskiego. p. 31.
- ^ Słownik biograficzny katolicyzmu społecznego w Polsce: Tom 2 Ryszard Bender, Ośrodek Dokumentacji i Studiów Społecznych, page 187 1994
- ^ Teoretyczne, badawcze i dydaktyczne założenia dialektologii Sławomir Gala, Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe, page 332 - 1998
- ^ "Seweryn Pieniężny". www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2019-03-02. Retrieved 2019-03-01.
- ^ "Zuchthaus Wartenburg". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 24 October 2021.
- ^ "Außenkommando "Ostwallbau" des Zuchthauses Wartenburg (Ostpr.)". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 24 October 2021.
- ^ "Zakład Karny".
- ^ verwaltungsgeschichte (in German)
- ^ "THE FELIKS NOWOWIEJSKI MUSEUM". Culture.pl. Retrieved 2019-02-27.
- ^ "Pisa Barczewo - strona klubu" (in Polish). Retrieved 24 October 2021.
- ^ "Hagen - miasto partnerskie". barczewo.pl (in Polish). Miasto Barczewo. Retrieved 2022-08-30.
External links
- Official site (in Polish)
- Local information
- Jewish community of Barczewo on Virtual Shtetl