Rupnagar district

Coordinates: 30°58′N 76°31′E / 30.97°N 76.51°E / 30.97; 76.51
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Rupnagar.

Rupnagar district
UTC+5:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 codeIN-PB-RU
Literacy82.19%
Websiterupnagar.nic.in
Cattle grazing on the banks of river Sutlej
Gurdwara Shri Tibi Sahib on the banks of river Sutlej

Rupnagar district is one of twenty-three districts in the state of

Morinda, Nangal and Anandpur Sahib. Morinda is also known as Baghwāla "[The City] of Gardens." Morinda is located on the Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway. The Bhakra Dam in Nangal lies on the boundary with the neighboring state of Himachal Pradesh. Dadhi
is one of the most important villages of the district, particularly because of Gurudwara Sri Hargobindsar Sahib.

Ropar

Ropar is a 21-meter-high ancient mound overlaying the

postulated through the lost Saraswati River
to the Sutlej as both rivers once belonged to one system.

Period I

At Ropar excavation, the lowest levels yielded the

Indus Valley civilization
. They flourished in all the Harappan cities and townships.

The dead were buried with head generally to the north and with funerary vessels as unearthed in cemetery R-37 at Harappa (Sind, Pakistan). What led the Harappans to desert the site is not known.

Period II

Period II belongs to Painted grey ware people who followed the Harappans. Typical pottery of this period consisted of fine grey ware painted black, terracotta bangles, semi-precious stones, glass, bone arrowheads, ivory kohl sticks, and copper implements. This period is identified as the period belonging to the Great War Epic - Mahabharata.

A new settlement sprang up here by about 600 BC - chronologically Period III at Rupar. Grey pottery of Period II still continued. This period belongs to circa 600 BC to 200 BC. It yielded the earlier coins (punch-marked and uninscribed cast coins), copper, and implements. An important find was an ivory seal inscribed in

Brahmi script
(4th and 3rd century BC)

Minutely carved and polished stone discs with a figure and motif associated with the cult of the Mother goddess of fertility have also been unearthed in the excavations from

Taxila (now in Pakistan), Patna in the state of Bihar and other Mauryan sites. Houses of mud and kiln burnt bricks were by no means rare. A 3.6-meter wide burnt brick wall traced to a length of about 75 m probably endorsed a tank that collected water through inlets. The upper levels have soak wells lined with terracotta rings of Shunga and Kushana
periods.

Period III To V

From Period III to V there are fairly rich dwelling complexes with houses of stone and mud bricks. The full plans of the houses could not be exposed owing to the vertical nature of excavations carried out.

Period VI

In the next phase, Period VI revealed the evidence of the Shungas, Kushanas, and Guptas and their successors. Excavations also revealed successive building levels of various dynasties. In the upper levels, a hoard of copper coins of Kushan and Gupta rules were found. This includes a gold coin issued by Chandragupta-Kumerdevi of the Gupta dynasty, which is also known as the golden age in ancient Indian history.

A large number of terracotta figurines of Shunga, Kushana, and Gupta periods were also discovered. Amongst them were a Yakshi figure with cherubic expression and a beautiful seated figure of a lady playing on the lyre reminiscent of Samudragupta’s figure in a similar position on the famous gold coins of the Gupta dynasty. A set of three silver utensils for ritualistic purposes with Greek influence depicts the fine craftsmanship of the Gupta dynasty in its chased decoration.

The pottery of this period in the upper levels is for the most part redware and is frequently decorated with incised motifs. After a short break, there is evidence of a fresh occupation identified as Period V commencing around the early 6th century and continuing for three or four centuries. The coins of Toramana (circa AD 500) and Mihirakula (circa 510-40) have been recovered from these levels. The spacious brick building of the fifth period was constricted neatly and evidence showed a good measure of prosperity during this period.

Probably after desertion, a new town sprang up here around 13th century AD on the same site named Period VI and it continues to flourish to the present day.

An archaeological site museum has been set up to house some of the antiquities of Rupar along with the photographs displaying excavation material.

Location

Tourist places in District Rupnagar

Rupnagar district, included in the

Morinda, Kiratpur Sahib and Nangal, Bela. All the towns except Chamkaur sahib fall on the railway line. The Satluj river passes close (2 to 5 km) to the towns of Nangal, Rupnagar, Bela and Anandpur Sahib. ropar fall in puadhregion except it's nurpur bedi sub-tehsil which is geographically in doaba
region of Punjab.

Towns and villages

Gurudwara Sri Hargobindsar Sahib located at the historical village, Dadhi, near Kiratpur Sahib.

Rupnagar district, included in the

Morinda, Kiratpur Sahib and Nangal
. All the towns except Chamkaur Sahib have railway connections. The Satluj river passes close to the towns of Nangal, Rupnagar, and Anandpur Sahib. Shekhian Mohalla is a famous old central part of Ropar city in the hold of migrated Hindu and Sikh population. Before partition inhibited by Muslim Kakkay Sheikhs of Ropar (also known Kakkay Abbasi). Now, this is a great trade hub of Ropar city.

Ghanauli is also Another Famous village of Ropar: Because of Freedom fighter Harnam Singh Kavishar, this village comes to the top list in British Raj.

Climate

The climate of Rupnagar District is characterized by its general dryness (except in the south-west

Kharar
blocks have sodic soils. The soils of Anandpur Sahib and Rupnagar blocks are undulating.

Politics

No. Constituency Name of MLA Party Bench
49 Anandpur Sahib Harjot Singh Bains Aam Aadmi Party Government
50 Rupnagar Dinesh Chadha Aam Aadmi Party Government
51 Chamkaur Sahib (SC)
Dr Charanjit Singh
 Aam Aadmi Party Government

Tehsils in Rupnagar district

Cities and towns

Nurpur bedi

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901220,055—    
1911190,585−1.43%
1921189,159−0.08%
1931207,804+0.94%
1941236,725+1.31%
1951251,804+0.62%
1961319,389+2.41%
1971357,783+1.14%
1981439,165+2.07%
1991535,970+2.01%
2001628,846+1.61%
2011684,627+0.85%
source:[1]

According to the

640).[2] The district has a population density of 488 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,260/sq mi) .[2] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 8.67%.[2] Rupnagar has a sex ratio of 913 females for every 1000 males,[2] and a literacy rate of 83.3%. Scheduled Castes made up 26.42% of the population.[2]

Gender

The table below shows the sex ratio of Ludhiana district through decades.

Sex ratio of Ludhiana district[5]
Census year Ratio
2011 915
2001 889
1991 870
1981 862
1971 854
1961 812
1951 812
1941 802
1931 789
1921 781
1911 756
1901 807

The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Rupnagar district.

Child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in Rupnagar district[6]
Year Urban Rural
2011 874 859
2001 799 893

Religions

Religion in Rupnagar district (2011)[7]
Religion Percent
Sikhism
 
 52.74%
Hinduism
 
 44.47%
Islam
 
 2.12%
Other or not stated
 
 0.67%

The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Rupnagar district.

Absolute numbers of different religious groups in Rupnagar district[8]
Religion Urban (2011) Rural (2011) Urban (2001) Rural (2001) Urban (1991) Rural (1991)
Hindu 1,04,449 20,032 1,87,670 2,64,749 94,225 2,05,743
Sikh 67,713 2,93,332 1,65,202 4,70,449 57,013 3,48,477
Muslim 3,357 11,135 5,641 16,959 734 6,923
Christian 1,260 834 2,388 1,046 777 504
Other religions 1,028 1,487 1,506 498 2,089 377

Languages

Languages of Rupnagar district (2011)[9]

  Punjabi (92.63%)
  Hindi (6.55%)
  Others (0.82%)

Health

The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Rupnagar, as of year 2020.

District nutrition profile of children under 5 years of age in Rupnagar, year 2020 [10]
Indicators Number of children (<5 years) Percent (2020) Percent (2016)
Stunted 7,659 15% 19%
Wasted 4,611 9% 14%
Severely wasted 1,634 3% 4%
Underweight 7,776 15% 20%
Overweight/obesity 1,283 3% 0%
Anemia 29,949 66% 70%
Total children 50,893

The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Rupnagar of women between the ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020.

District nutritional profile of Rupnagar of women of 15-49 years, in 2020[11]
Indicators Number of women (15-49 years) Percent (2020) Percent (2016)
Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2) 29,743 13% 13%
Overweight/obesity 100,391 45% 44%
Hypertension 60,217 27% 16%
Diabetes 43,098 19% NA
Anemia (non-preg) 142,625 64% 75%
Total women (preg) 10,899
Total women 221,468

Notable people

References

  1. ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  2. ^ a b c d e f "District Census Handbook: Rupnagar" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  3. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Equatorial Guinea 668,225, July 2011 est.
  4. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. North Dakota 672,591
  5. ^ "District-wise Decadal Sex ratio in Punjab". Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India. 21 January 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  6. ^ "District-wise Rural and Urban Child Population (0-6 years) and their sex ratio in Punjab". Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India. 21 January 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  7. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  8. ^ "Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India". 21 January 2022.
  9. ^ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  10. ^ https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Rupnagar-Punjab.pdf
  11. ^ https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Rupnagar-Punjab.pdf

External links

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