Sleaford

Sleaford is a

Sleaford is a civil parish and market town in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire. It is bounded by the civil parishes of Leasingham to the north; Ewerby and Evedon, and Kirkby la Thorpe to the east; Silk Willoughby to the south; and Wilsford, South Rauceby and North Rauceby to the west. These neighbouring parishes are rural, comprising villages separated from Sleaford's urban area by fields, though Kirkby la Thorpe also includes the Milton Way housing estate on Sleaford's eastern fringe.^[2]

Sleaford's urban area includes the town centre, focused on the marketplace (fronted by St Denys' Church), where Eastgate, Northgate, Southgate and Westgate meet. Though some parts have been redeveloped in the 20th century, including the Riverside Shopping Precinct and Flaxwell House, the area follows a medieval street layout and is home to many of the town's oldest buildings; it is also the retail and commercial hub.^[3][4] Carre Street (running parallel to Southgate to the east), once home to industry and wharves,^[5] has been regenerated in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.^[6][7]

To the north-west of the centre, housing developments along Northgate (which becomes Lincoln Road north of the railway line), mostly built in the 20th and early 21st centuries, have brought the hamlet of Holdingham into Sleaford's urban area, which extends as far north as the A17 and A15 junction at Holdingham Roundabout.^[8][9] To the north-east, the town's built-up area has expanded along Eastgate, with 19th-century housing closer to the town centre giving way to modern business parks; the River Slea forms the southern boundary of these developments and, closer to the town, Lollycocks Field sits between one of the business parks, Eastgate and the Slea.^[9][10][11] South of the river, the town's urban area extends eastwards along Boston Road, which runs from Southgate to the A17 at Kirkby la Thorpe. Except for Boston Road Recreation Ground, the road is straddled by housing west of the railway; developments near the centre are mostly 18th- and 19th-century, while those around Old Place, at the Hoplands and south of Boston Road are mostly planned 20th- or 21st-century residential estates.^[9][12]

The Victorian train station can be found near the southernmost end of Southgate; Station Road includes some converted 19th-century warehouses. Mareham Lane heads south out of the town, past the vast disused Bass Maltings complex.^[9][13] Also forking off from Southgate are Grantham Road and London Road, which fan out in a south-west direction. They link Sleaford with Quarrington village,^[9] which has a historic core that has been merged into the town's urban area by modern housing developments.^[14] The earliest suburban housing at the base of Southgate appeared in the 19th century and was known as New Quarrington,^[15] while ribbon development along London and Grantham roads is mostly early-20th-century; much larger planned developments took place in the late 20th and 21st centuries at Quarrington Hill, Southfields and between the two roads.^[9][8] To the town centre's west is Westgate, medieval in origin but heavily developed with dense terraced housing in the 19th century;^[16][17] to its north is Westholme, parkland which houses a school;^[18][19] to the road's south is West Banks and its adjoining streets, between the River Slea and the Nine-Foot Drain, an area heavily built up in the 19th century.^[9][20] South of Westbanks are the remains of Sleaford Castle.^[9]

Outside of the town's urban area, but included in the civil parish boundaries is Greylees, a settlement built in the early 21st century on the site of the former Rauceby Hospital.^[9][21]

Sleaford occupies a position on the

The town centre lies about 49 feet (15 m) above sea level and has formed around the River Slea, which runs west to north-east through it.[27] A band of Jurassic Cornbrash limestone forms the bedrock under Holdingham (where the ground rises to 82 feet (25 m) above sea level in places), parts of central Sleaford, and most of the housing at Quarrington (where elevations exceed over 98 feet (30 m) at Quarrington Hill) and southern Greylees. The bedrock on the eastern parts of the town comprises Jurassic Kellaways sandstone and siltstone. To the west, the Slea follows a shallow valley underlain by Jurassic Blisworth clay and limestone and, at its lowest elevations at Quarrington Fen and Boiling Wells Farm, earlier Jurassic Rutland argillaceous rocks and Upper Lincolnshire limestone. Greylees and the northern fringe of the Quarrington Hill estate sit on the southern edge of this valley, on the Blisworth clays and limestone.^[27][28] Alluvium deposits are found along the Slea's course, and sand and gravel of the Sleaford series are found to the east and south.^[23][28] Most of the soil is free-draining, lime-rich and loamy, though some of the eastern parts are on loamy soils with naturally high groundwater.^[29]

Two Local Nature Reserves sit within the civil parish boundaries: Lollycocks Field, providing mostly wildflower and wetlands habitats alongside Eastgate, and Mareham Pastures, consisting of wildflower meadows, new woodland, hedges and open grassland.^[11][30] There is also Sleaford Wood in the north of the town and Sleaford Moor to the north-east, near the A17 and A153's Bone Mill Junction.^[27]

The

The earliest records of the place-name Sleaford are found in a charter of 852 as Slioford and in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as Sliowaford. In the Domesday Book (1086), it is recorded as Eslaforde and in the early 13th century as Sliforde.^[39] In the 13th century Book of Fees it appears as Lafford.^[40] The name is formed from the Old English words sliow and ford, together meaning "ford over a muddy or slimy river".^[39]

Archaeological material from the Bronze Age and earlier has been recovered and excavations have shown there was unsustained late-Neolithic and Bronze Age human activity in the vicinity. The earliest known permanent settlement dates from the Iron Age, where a track northwards from Bourne crossed the River Slea. Although only sparse pottery evidence has been found for the middle Iron Age period, 4,290 pellet mould fragments, probably used for minting and dated to 50 BC–AD 50, have been uncovered south-east of the modern town centre, south of a crossing of the River Slea and near Mareham Lane in Old Sleaford. The largest of its kind in Europe, the deposit has led archaeologists to consider that the site in Old Sleaford was one of the largest Corieltauvian settlements in the period and possibly a tribal centre.^[41][42]

During the Roman occupation of Britain (AD 43–409), the settlement was "extensive and of considerable importance".^[43] Its location beside the Fens may have made it economically and administratively important as a centre for stewards and owners of fenland estates.^[44] There are signs of a road connecting Old Sleaford to Heckington, where Roman tile kilns have been uncovered and may imply the presence of a market.^[45] When the first roads were built by the Romans, Sleaford was bypassed as "less conveniently located" and more "geared to native needs".^[46] A smaller road, Mareham Lane, which the Romans renewed, ran through Old Sleaford, and south along the fen edge towards Bourne. Where it passed through Old Sleaford, excavations have shown a large Roman domestic residence, associated farm buildings and field systems, and several burials.^[47] Other Roman remains, including a burial, have been excavated.^[48][49]

There is little evidence of continuous settlement between the late Roman and

The earliest documentary reference to Sleaford occurs in a 9th-century charter,[51] when it was owned by Medehamstede Abbey in Peterborough, a Mercian royal foundation.^[52] There is little evidence of estate structure until the late Saxon period,^[45] but there may have been a market and court before the Norman Conquest, and it may have been an economic and jurisdictional centre for surrounding settlements.^[53] The Slea played a big part in the town's economy: it never ran dry or froze, and by the 11th century it supported a dozen watermills. The mills and others in nearby Quarrington and the lost hamlet of Millsthorpe, formed the "most important mill cluster in Lincolnshire".^[54]

In the later Middle Ages, the Romano-British settlement became known as Old Sleaford, while New Sleaford was a settlement centred on St Denys' Church and the market place.^[55] The Domesday Book of 1086 has two entries under Eslaforde (Sleaford) recording land held by Ramsey Abbey and the Bishop of Lincoln.^{[n 1]} The location of these manors is unclear. One theory endorsed by Maurice Beresford is that they focused on the settlement at Old Sleaford, due to evidence that New Sleaford was planted in the 12th century by the bishop to increase his income,^{[n 2]} a development associated with the construction of Sleaford Castle (1123–39).^[51] Beresford's theory has been criticised by the historians Christine Mahany and David Roffe^{[n 3]} who have reinterpreted the Domesday material and argued that in 1086 the Bishop's manor included the church and associated settlement which became "New" Sleaford.^[58][59]

A charter to hold a fair on the feast day of St Denis was granted by King

The manor of Old Sleaford was owned in the late 15th and early 16th centuries by the Hussey family. John Hussey, 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford was executed for treason for his part in the Lincolnshire Rising; the manor and his residence at Old Place reverted to the Crown and were later sold to Robert Carre,^[72] the son of George Carre or Carr, a wool merchant originally from Northumberland who had settled in Sleaford by 1522.^[73] Robert also bought the castle and manor of New Sleaford from Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln.^{[74][n 4]} His eldest surviving son Robert founded Carre's Grammar School in 1604, and his youngest son Edward was created a baronet; his son founded Sleaford Hospital in 1636.^[76] The last male descendant died in 1683 and the heiress, Isabella, married John Hervey, 1st Earl of Bristol, in whose family the estates remained until the 1970s.^[77][78] The Carres and Herveys had a strong influence: while extracting dues from their tenants, they enforced their monopoly on charging tolls on market and cattle traders and for driving animals through the town.^[79]

Industry was slow to take hold. By the second half of the 18th century,

Canalisation of the River Slea began in the 1790s. Canals in England were constructed from the 1760s to make inland trade easier; Sleaford's businessmen were keen to benefit from these. Sleaford Navigation opened in 1794.^[83][84] It eased the export of farm produce to the Midlands and the import of coal and oil. Mills along the Slea benefited and wharves were constructed around Carre Street.^[85][86] Between 1829 and 1836 the navigation's toll rights increased in value 27 times over.^[85] The railways emerged in the 19th century as an alternative to canals and arrived at the town in 1857, when a line from Grantham to Sleaford opened.^[87][88] This made trading easier and improved communications,^{[n 5][91]} but led to the decline of the Navigation Company. Income from tolls decreased by 80 per cent between 1858 and 1868; it made its first loss in 1873 and was abandoned in 1878.^[92] The town's rural location and transport links led in the late 19th century to the rise of two local seed merchants: Hubbard and Phillips, and Charles Sharpe; the former took over the Navigation Wharves, and the latter was trading in the US and Europe by the 1880s. The advent of steam power led Kirk and Parry to open a large steam-powered flour mill in 1857 and provided the basis of Ward and Dale's factory, which made steam cultivators for farming.^[93] The railway, Sleaford's rural location and its artesian wells, were key factors in the development of the 13-acre (5-hectare) Bass & Co maltings complex at Mareham Lane (1892–1905).^[94]

New Sleaford's population more than doubled from 1,596 in 1801 to 3,539 in 1851.

Although hardly damaged in the First and Second World Wars,^{[n 7]} Sleaford has close links with the Royal Air Force due to proximity to several RAF bases, including RAF Cranwell, RAF Digby and RAF Waddington. Lincolnshire's topography – flat and open countryside – and its location in the east of the country made it ideal for the airfields being constructed in the First World War. Work began on Cranwell in late 1915; it was designated an RAF base in 1918 and the RAF College opened in 1920 as the world's first air academy.^[107][108] The Cranwell branch railway linking Sleaford station with the RAF base opened in 1917 and closed in 1956.^[109][110] During the Second World War, Lincolnshire was "the most significant location for bomber command" and Rauceby Hospital, south-west of Sleaford, was requisitioned by the RAF as a specialist burns unit which the plastic surgeon Archibald McIndoe regularly visited.^[107]

Sleaford's population remained static between the wars, but the Great Depression in the 1930s caused unemployment to rise. The Council housing put up along Drove Lane proved insufficient for the low-income families after the Westgate slums were cleared in the 1930s; Jubilee Grove opened in that decade to meet the demand.^[106] In the post-war period, there were housing developments at St Giles Avenue, the Hoplands, Russell Crescent, Jubilee Grove and Grantham Road.^[111] Parts of the town were redeveloped: in 1958, the Bristol Arms Arcade opened, the Corn Exchange was demolished in the 1960s and the Riverside Shopping Precinct opened in 1973, as did Flaxwell House, designed to house a department store, though later becoming the national headquarters for Interflora.^[112] Old industries departed; Ward and Dale closed down in 1939^[113] and Lee and Green around the 1940s;^[114] Bass shut the maltings in 1959,^[94] and Hubbard and Phillips's pea-sorting factory closed in 1972.^[7] New industrial estates and business parks were built off East Road in the late 20th century.^[115]

By 1979, the major landowner, Victor Hervey, 6th Marquess of Bristol, was heavily in debt and sold most of his estates in Sleaford and Quarrington. The estate office closed in 1989.^[14] Much of the land went to property developers and subsequent decades brought new housing and a considerable rise in population.^[116] According to a council report, people were attracted to the town by "the quality of life, low crime rates, relatively low house prices and good-quality education".^[117] From 1981 to 2011, Sleaford's population rose from 8,000 to 18,000; the growth rate in 1991–2001 was the fastest of any town in the county.^[118][119] The infrastructure struggled to cope, especially with increased traffic congestion. Two bypasses opened and a one-way system was introduced, a process that Pawley argues accelerated the decline of the High Street.^[14] Between 1995 and 2001, the Single Regeneration Budget granted over £10 million to Sleaford to deliver 13 major regeneration programmes collectively known as "Sleaford Pride", including improvements to the town centre, the conversation of the old Navigation stables, and the development of The Hub arts centre (opened 2002) on the site of a former Hubbard and Phillips seed warehouse.^[6][7][120]

The Sleaford built-up area is the urban centre of the North Kesteven district,^[121] and one of the district's centres of employment.^[122] According to a local authority report, Sleaford is also "the main retail, service and employment centre for people living in the town and in the surrounding villages".^[123] The town's primary employment zones are Sleaford Enterprise Park, the adjoining business park at Woodbridge Road and along East Road, and the town centre (focused on Southgate, Northgate and the Market Place).^[124] Many of North Kesteven's residents also commute out of the district to work, including to Lincoln, Grantham and Newark-on-Trent;^[122] one study found that, in 2011, 70% of workers living in the housing built at Quarrington since the 1980s worked outside of Sleaford: 24% of the total in other parts of North Kesteven, 13% in South Kesteven, 8% in Lincoln, and the remainder mostly in other districts of the East Midlands.^[125]

Sleaford is a retail and services hub for its own population and its rural hinterland.^[123] It has a long history of providing services for the wider district; despite the emergence of industries in the town in the 19th century, employment "revolved around services, trades and commerce" through the 20th century.^[126] In 2021, retail, accommodation and food services made up 21% of the town's workforce.^[127] The town centre is home to many shops and services focused on Northgate and Southgate and the surrounding area;^[128] purpose-built central shopping centres include the covered Bristol Arcade (opened in 1958) and the Riverside Centre (opened in 1973).^[112] Supermarkets are found in the town centre, Northgate, Lincoln Road and Stump Cross Hill.^[129] Other retailers and wholesalers operate on East Road and the business parks.^[130] Sleaford's cattle and poultry markets closed in the 1980s; although the weekly market (traditionally held in the Market Place) has reduced substantially in size,^[131] as of 2025 it continues held weekly on Fridays, Saturdays and Mondays, and a farmers' market is held on the first Saturday of each month.^[132]

In 2011, the district council found that Sleaford's retail and service offer had not kept pace with its growing population, leading many shoppers to travel elsewhere to buy high-value goods, use services or engage in leisure activities: 85p in every pound spent on higher-value

Sleaford's position as a market town serving a rural district supported some local craft industries before the mid-19th century. The canalisation of the Slea and then the arrival of the railways in the 19th century meant that the town became important in the supply of agricultural produce inland and the import of industrial products into the wider district. Several large scale industries, some closely connected to agriculture, emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including malting, seed sorting and agricultural implement making. Many heavier industries closed between the 1920s and 1960s; the local authority encouraged lighter manufacturing after the 1950s through the provision of land for an industrial east off East Road, which has since expanded.[146] By 2021, manufacturing employed 10% of Sleaford's workforce, construction employed 8.4%, and transport and distribution 6%; the professional, administrative, financial and real estate sectors accounted for a combined 10.6% of the workforce.^[127]

In the early 2020s, Sleaford includes one of the district council's three "strategic employment locations", Sleaford Enterprise Park,^[122] which is adjacent to other business parks at Woodbridge Road and East Road.^[124] In 2023, the district council opened the first units of an extension, Sleaford Moor Enterprise Park.^[147] Combined, in 2024 these estates housed at least 95 business, according to Google Maps; these included: 11 wholesalers, builders' merchants or plumbers' merchants; 11 vehicle repair shops or MOT centres; 11 furniture and furnishings shops; 7 manufacturers, including Sleaford Quality Foods (a food producer) and the ingredients' maker, J. L. Priestley and Co; five vehicle dealerships; four plant and equipment suppliers; four tyre shops; two gyms; a dance studio; and a bus company, Sleafordian Coaches.^[130]

In 1563 there were 145 households in New Sleaford (including 20 in Holdingham), plus 10 in Old Sleaford and 17 in Quarrington.^[151] In the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the diocese recorded that there were "more than 250 families" in the ecclesiastical parish of Sleaford, with a further 35 in the parish of Quarrington.^[152] One estimate puts the population of New Sleaford at 800 to 900 at this time.^[153] The first official census was conducted in 1801 and recorded a population of 1,596 in New Sleaford (including Holdingham); combined with Old Sleaford and Quarrington, this gave a population of 1,812 in the area covered by today's Sleaford civil parish.^{[n 11]} Following the opening of Sleaford Navigation in 1794 and the flourishing of the town's economy this produced (combined with the effects of inflated agricultural prices during the Napoleonic wars), Sleaford's population rose steadily in the first half of the 19th century.^[153] It totalled 3,539 in New Sleaford and 4,160 across all the three parishes by 1851. The population grew much more slowly between the 1850s and the 1880s, before witnessing further growth that took the urban district's population to 6,427 by 1911 (incorporating New Sleaford, Old Sleaford, Holdingham and Quarrington).^{[n 11]}

Slower rates were recorded for the urban district between then and the 1931 census, though the pace picked up again in the 1930s; by the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 there were 7,835 residents. Sleaford's population grew very slowly in the post-war years, reaching 7,975 by 1971,^[154][155] largely due to the fact that Lord Bristol remained owner of the vast majority of the undeveloped land around the town. However, as the 6th Marquess sold the land from the 1960s onwards and speculative housing blossomed around Sleaford, the civil parish's population expanded rapidly;^[156] the population growth rate between 1991 and 2001 was the fastest of any town in Lincolnshire.^[157] Between 1981 and 2011, the population more than doubled, reaching 17,671;^[158] this had risen by a further 12% to 19,815 by the 2021 census.^[159] This accounts for 17% of North Kesteven's population, making Sleaford the most populous civil parish in the district.^[160]

According to the 2021 census, Sleaford's population was 96.3%

In 2011, 71.6% of Sleaford's population said they were religious and 21.7% said they did not follow a religion (England: 68.1% and 24.7% respectively). However, compared to England's population, Christians were a much higher proportion of the Sleaford's population (70.3%), and all other groups were present at a lower proportion than the national rates; Muslims were the largest religious minority, accounting for 0.4% of the town's residents compared with 5% nationally; all other groups were present in very low numbers.^[163][164]

Parish-level data about household composition, age and housing have not yet been published for the 2021 census. In the 2011 census, 48.4% of the population were male and 51.6% female. Of the population over 16, 50.3% were married, compared to 46.6% in England; 28.9% were single (a smaller proportion than in England where it is 34.6%), 10.5% divorced (England: 9%), 7.1% widowed (England: 6.9%), 3.1% separated and 0.1% in same-sex civil partnerships (England: 2.7% and 0.2% respectively). In 2011, there were 7,653 households in Sleaford civil parish. It had a roughly average proportion of one-person households (29.2%; England: 30.2%); most other households consisted of one family (65.4% of the total; England: 61.8%).^[163][164]

The 2011 census showed Sleaford's population to be marginally older than the national population; the mean age was 40 and the median 41, compared with 39.3 and 39 for England. 24.3% of the population was under 20 (England: 24%), and 23.2% of Sleaford's population was aged over 60 (England: 22%).^[163][164] 82.1% of the population were in good or very good health (England: 81.4%).^[163][164]

As of 2011, Sleaford has a higher proportion of people who own their homes with or without a mortgage (68.5%) than in England (63.3%), a slightly lower proportion of people who privately rent (15.8% compared with 16.8%) and a much smaller proportion of social renters (13.8% compared with 17.7%). The proportion of household spaces which are detached houses was higher than average (39.2%; England: 22.3%), while the proportion of terraced household spaces is lower (19.3%; England: 24.5%). The proportion of purpose-built flats is also lower (8.7%; England: 16.7%).^[163][164]

In 2021, 63.1% of Sleaford's residents aged between 16 and 74 were economically active (England: 60.9%) and 60.6% were in employment (England: 57.4%). The rate of economically inactive people aged 16 to 74 was 36.9% (England: 39.1%).^[162][165] The 2021 census revealed that the most common industries residents worked in were: public administration, education and health (combined 37.2%; England: 30.3%), retail, hotels and accommodation (combined 21.0%; England: 19.9%), finance, real estate, professional or administrative services (combined 10.6%; England: 17.4%), and manufacturing (10.0%; England: 7.3%). No other sectors accounted for more than 10% of the population.^[162][127] In terms of occupational composition, in 2021 Sleaford's workforce was broadly similar to the workforce in the whole of England. It has slightly lower proportions of people in professional, associate professional and technical roles (30.4%) and managerial occupations (11.1%). There are slightly higher proportions of people in caring, leisure and other service occupations (10.3%), process, plant and machine operatives (8.8%), and elementary occupations (11.4%).^[162][166]

The

The

Plans to canalise the River Slea were drawn up in 1773,[83]^[181] but faced opposition from landowners who feared it might affect the drainage of fens. Plans were approved in 1791 with the support of the 5th Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven who owned estates and quarries that he hoped would benefit. An Act of Parliament passed in 1792, establishing the Sleaford Navigation, which opened two years later.^[83][84] After falling revenues due to competition from the railways, the navigation company closed in 1878. The river, although no longer navigable, passes under Carre Street and Southgate.^[92] The Nine Foot Drain, also unnavigable, meets the Slea just before Southgate.^[169]

From the medieval period, New Sleaford and Old Sleaford were

North Kesteven District Council and Lincolnshire County Council, respectively.^[204] County councils have statutory responsibility for some public services, including education, transport, libraries, planning and social care. District councils manage social housing, planning applications, council tax, and waste and recycling.^[205] Town councils have powers to run some local amenities.^{[206][n 17]}

Since the 2023 local elections, the town council has been composed of 18 councillors from five wards: Sleaford Castle (3 seats), Sleaford Holdingham (2 seats), Sleaford Navigation (3 seats), Sleaford Quarrington (7 seats) and Sleaford Westholme (3 seats).^[216] There are seven representatives from five wards on the district council, as of 2023: Sleaford Castle (1 seat), Sleaford Holdingham (1 seat), Sleaford Navigation (1 seat), Sleaford Quarrington and Mareham (3 seats), and Sleaford Westholme (1 seat).^[216] Under the most recently devised boundaries, Sleaford has one seat on Lincolnshire County Council.^[217]

Since 2015, the town council has had its headquarters at the Town Hall in Quayside House, off Carre Street,^[218] part of the modern Navigation Yard development.^{[219][n 18]} The district council is based at the Council Offices on Kesteven Street; the oldest part had been built as a row of houses called Lafford Terrace in the 1850s before being mostly being bought by the former Kesteven County Council (KCC) for offices in 1925; a large extension took place in 1960. After KCC's abolition in 1974, the complex was transferred to the newly established North Kesteven District Council, serving as its offices and, after a major extension in 1991, becoming its sole office building and host to its council chamber.^[221][222]

National politics

See also: Sleaford and North Hykeham (UK Parliament constituency)

Before 1832, Sleaford was in the Lincolnshire parliamentary constituency, which encompassed all of the county except for four boroughs. In the 1818 election, 49 of the 2,000 people living in New and Old Sleaford and Quarrington qualified to vote. In 1832, the Reform Act widened the franchise and divided Lincolnshire. Sleaford was in the South Lincolnshire constituency that elected two members to Parliament.^[223] Following the 1867 reforms, the South Lincolnshire constituency's borders were redrawn, but Sleaford remained within it.^[224] The franchise was widened by the reforms so that roughly 15% (202) of males in Sleaford and Quarrington could vote in 1868.^[225] The constituency was abolished in 1885 and the Sleaford constituency formed. It merged with the Grantham seat in 1918. In 1997, Sleaford was reorganised into Sleaford and North Hykeham.^[226][227] The current constituency has been held by Conservative members since it was created;^{[n 19]} the incumbent is Caroline Johnson, who has held it since the 2016 by-election^[228] and was re-elected with 36% of the vote in 2024.^[229]

Public services

Utilities and communications

The Sleaford Gas Light Company was formed in 1838. The following year gas lighting was provided and a gasworks was constructed in Eastgate. In 1866, the company was incorporated; it lit the town through to the company's nationalisation in 1948.^[230] Gas ceased to be made there in the 1960s.^[231]

Following cholera outbreaks in the 1850s and 1870s, the Sleaford Water Act 1879 was passed to set up the Sleaford Water Company to provide clean water for the town;^[232][233] pumping machinery was installed and waterworks constructed in 1880. In 1948, the council took over the company and in 1962 its operation was handed to the Kesteven Water Board, which was absorbed by the Anglian Water Authority in 1973.^[234][235] Until the 1880s, Sleaford's raw sewage was conveyed through "an antiquated system of drains, open cesspits and inadequate sewers";^[236] the town's effluent was discharged into the Slea, which was also the source of drinking water. The local board of health purchased land for a sewage farm on the eastern fringe of the parish in the early 1880s and converted Cogglesford Mill into a pump to convey wastewater to the farm.^[236][237] This system was in place from 1884. The farm was initially let to four tenants who were responsible for disposal but in 1903 the urban district council took over management. In 1954, a new treatment plant was built on East Road;^[238] it was expanded in the late 1970s^[239][240] and upgraded in 1994.^[241]

Kesteven County Council promoted a parliamentary bill to build an electricity generating station which passed in 1900. It was built in 1901 on Castle Causeway and remained there beyond nationalisation in 1948; by the 1970s it had been extended to include a new

East Midlands Electricity Board provided electricity until privatisation in 1990.^[244] A "virtually carbon neutral" straw-burning power-station at Sleaford opened in 2013, powered by bales from farms within a 50-mile (80-kilometre) radius. Most electricity generated is fed into the National Grid and the facility provides free heat to public buildings in the town.^[245]

Sleaford's post office was based at Lindum House (23 Northgate) from 1897 to 1933, when it moved to Southgate.^[246] As of 2024, Sleaford Post Office still operates in Southgate.^[247] There is also Woodside Post Office on Lincoln Road.^[248] The town's telephone exchange was also based at Lindum House from 1897 to 1967, when an automated exchange opened on Westgate.^{[246][n 20]} Sleaford Library has occupied its present building on the Market Place since 1987, having previously been based in the former fire station at Watergate since 1956.^[250] As of 2024, the library includes a local and family history section and microfiche machine.^[251]

Emergency services and healthcare

Policing is provided by the Lincolnshire Police,^[252] firefighting by the Lincolnshire Fire and Rescue Service,^[253] and ambulance services by the East Midlands Ambulance Service.^[254] The first police station was built at Kesteven Street in 1845 and reconstructed in 1912;^[255] the police moved into the former Sleaford Rural District Council offices at the Hoplands on Boston Road in 1998,^{[256][n 21]} and this remains Sleaford Police Station as of 2024.^[252] The fire and ambulance services share accommodation on Eastgate which opened in 2018.^[250] Sleaford's first fire station was built in 1829 on Watergate and was completely rebuilt by the urban district council in 1900; the fire service moved to premises on Church Lane in 1953, which it occupied till 2018.^[250] The ambulance service had operated from Kesteven Street from 1960 until 2018.^{[259][260][261]}

The

NHS Mental Health Service.^[266] There are also two care homes: Oakdene and Glenholme Holdingham Grange.^[267] Between 1902 and 1997, a mental institute, Rauceby Hospital, operated west of Quarrington, initially run by the county council and then the NHS from 1948; its patient enrolment peaked at 590 in 1958.^[268] The town had an NHS clinic at Laundon House, which opened as a maternity hospital in the 1930s, was taken over by the NHS in the 1940s and converted to a clinic in the post-war decades, before closing in 2016.^[269]

Justice

From the 14th century, justice was administered through the assizes (periodic courts which heard capital cases) or by the justices of the peace (later called magistrates), who tried more serious but non-capital crimes in the quarter sessions (with a jury) and more minor crimes in the petty sessions (without a jury).^[270][271] The petty and quarter sessions came to be known as the magistrates' courts.^[270] Each of the three parts of Lincolnshire had its own quarter sessions; in Kesteven, the sessions were split between northern and southern divisions; those for the north met at Sleaford from at least the 17th century and the court was known as the Sleaford Bench.^{[272][273][n 22]} The magistrates met at a building on the market place, which was replaced in 1830 by Sessions House.^[274] The system was overhauled in 1971, with the quarter sessions and assizes replaced with the Crown Court,^[275] which has been held in Lincoln ever since;^[276] Sessions House continued to host the petty sessions until 2008, when cases were transferred to Grantham;^[277] HM Courts Service formally closed Sleaford Magistrates' Court in 2010.^[278]

Education

Main article: List of schools in Sleaford

Sleaford has four state primary schools.

Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills (Ofsted);^[282] it caters for 650 pupils aged 4 to 11.^[283] Founded in 1867,^[284] St Botolph's Church of England School is voluntary controlled, has 406 pupils aged 5 to 11 on roll,^[285] and was rated "good" by Ofsted in 2023.^[286] Our Lady of Good Counsel Roman Catholic School was established in 1882^[287] and converted to an academy in 2013;^[288] in 2023, it had 166 boys and girls aged 4 to 11 on roll and was rated "good" by Ofsted.^[289] Church Lane Primary School, formerly Sleaford Infants' School, opened in 1908;^[290][291] a community school with a nursery, it caters for 203 boys and girls aged 3 to 11 as of 2023;^[292] at its latest Ofsted inspection (in 2014), Church Lane Primary School was rated "outstanding".^[293]

The town has three secondary schools, each with sixth forms:

eleven plus exam.^[294][295] The other school, St George's Academy, is not selective.^[296] Carre's is a boys' selective school (with a coeducational sixth form) founded in 1604 with 806 pupils on roll as of 2024;^[297][298] it converted to an academy in 2011 and was judged to be "good" by Ofsted in 2023.^[299] It is run by the Robert Carre Trust.^[298] Kesteven and Sleaford High School is a girls' grammar school (with a coeducation sixth form) founded in 1902.^[300][301] It became an academy in 2011^[302][303] and was judged to be "good" by Ofsted in 2017.^[302] It was taken over by the Robert Carre Trust in 2015.^[304] As of 2024, it has 763 pupils on roll.^[300] St George's Academy is mixed-sex comprehensive school.^[305] It traces its origins to 1908 when Sleaford Council School opened; it became a secondary modern school after the Second World War,^[306] a comprehensive in 1992,^[307] a technology college in 1994^[306] and an academy in 2010.^[305] As of 2024, it operates a satellite school at Ruskington;^[305] and it has 2,319 pupils on roll across both sites.^[305] Ofsted judged it "good" in 2015.^[308] The co-educational Sleaford Joint Sixth Form consortium allows pupils from each school to choose subjects taught at all three schools.^[309][310]

As of 2024, Sleaford has one

special school:^[279] Holton Sleaford Independent School, which opened in 2021. It caters for pupils with "social, emotional, and mental health difficulties". At its latest Ofsted inspection in 2022 it was rated "good".^[311]

Places of worship and religious organisations

Decorated Gothic style, much of the nave of St Denys' Church dates to the 14th century.^[312]

Anglican

The

ecclesiastical parish of Sleaford (formerly New Sleaford), encloses the town of Sleaford and hamlet of Holdingham, but does not include Quarrington. It falls within the Lafford Deanery, the Lincoln Archdeaconry and the Diocese of Lincoln.^{[313][314][n 23]} The parish church, St Denys', fronts onto the market place;^[312] it might have been in existence by c. 1086.^[58] The vicarage was founded and endowed in 1274.^[316] As of 2024, services are held every Sunday and Wednesday.^{[317][n 24]}

In the Middle Ages, Old Sleaford had

Dissolution of the Monasteries (1536–41), the king took over collection of the tithes, later leasing them to Thomas Horseman and then selling them to Robert Carre. In the 17th century, the rectory of Quarrington and the vicarage of Old Sleaford were combined to form the ecclesiastical parish of Quarrington with Old Sleaford.^[320] As of 2024, the parish is served by St Botolph's Church in Quarrington village.^[321][322] It is in the deanery of Lafford and archdeaconry of Lincoln.^{[323][n 23]} In 1932 a church hall was built on Grantham Road and used as a community centre as of 2009.^[324]

The prebendary of New Sleaford or Lafford had a seat in the Lincoln Cathedral; it is not known when it was established, but it was confirmed by the Pope in 1146 and 1163,^[325] and was in the patronage of the bishop. The Prebendal Court of Sleaford had jurisdiction over New and Old Sleaford and Holdingham to grant administration and probate.^[326]

Other Christian denominations

Meetings of

Salvation Army,^[337] who hold a weekly Sunday service there as of 2024.^[338] In the 19th and 20th centuries, there were also Primitive Methodist^{[n 27]} and Baptist chapels in the town.^{[n 28]}

By 1879 a Roman Catholic missionary was conducting services in the town. A Catholic school and chapel were built in 1882 on Jermyn Street and in 1889, Our Lady of Good Counsel Roman Catholic Church, opened beside it.^[343] As of 2023, the Catholic parish sits in the Fenland Deanery of the Diocese of Nottingham.^[344] As of 2024, Mass is celebrated on Sundays and throughout the week with a Vigil mass on Saturday.^[345]

A congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses was founded in Sleaford in 1955; they built a Kingdom Hall on Castle Causeway in 1972, which was rebuilt in 1999.^[346][347] As of 2024, the congregation meet on Wednesdays and Sundays.^[348] Sleaford New Life Church began meeting in the 1960s;^[349] in 2002, they purchased a site at Mareham Lane and built a new church there;^[350] as of 2024, the congregation meet there for worship on Sundays.^[351] The church also runs a food bank.^[352] Sleaford Spiritualist Church was founded in 1932 and opened its church building on Westgate in 1956.^[353] As of 2024, a divine service is held there on Sundays.^[354]

Muslim

The Sleaford Muslim Community Association met in St Deny's Church Hall during the early 2000s. A prayer hall, Sleaford Islamic Centre, opened in 2015.^[355] A mosque was completed on the Station Road site in 2020.^[356] Daily prayers are held there as of 2024.^[357]

Culture

Arts, entertainment and heritage

The Hub, an arts centre, opened in 2002 and houses exhibitions of applied and contemporary art.^[358] Opened in 2010, the Carre Gallery is operated by Sleaford Gallery Arts Trust.^[359] The Playhouse theatre on Westgate was constructed in 1825 for Joseph Smedley and sold in 1856 to be converted into a school and later a library and offices. Sleaford Little Theatre restored it and in 2000 it reopened as a theatre.^[360] The Sleaford Picturedrome opened in 1920; the cinema closed in 2000 and has since been occupied by nightclubs and bars.^{[n 29]}

Sleaford hosted an annual carnival in the 20th century; it was last held in 1995^[366] before being revived in 2013;^[367] it ran for three years before the planned 2016 carnival was cancelled.^[368] The RiverLight Festival, offering activities, open days and exhibitions, has taken place annually since 2022.^[369][370] As of 2024, Sleaford Live Week is organised annually to showcase local musicians and artists.^[371]

Sleaford Museum Trust was formed in the 1970s to preserve historical artefacts from the town's history; it opened a museum on Southgate in 2015.

twinning association, the Sleaford and District Town Twinning Association, which was founded in 1999. The association has maintained links with Marquette-lez-Lille since 1999, and Fredersdorf-Vogelsdorf since 2009.^[378]

Home of English cultural icon, Lauren Roberts (Lozza) - known for her remarkable research into like psychology stuff I think.

Sleaford Mods, an English Punk rap music duo, were named for Sleaford. Both Jason Williamson and Andrew Fearn were born and raised in villages in Lincolnshire and met in nearby Nottingham. Iggy Pop called them "the greatest rock n roll band."^[379]

Sport and recreation

Sleaford Town F.C. played in the United Counties League Premier Division North for the 2024–25 season.^[380] Formed as Sleaford Amateurs F.C. in 1920, the club was renamed Sleaford Town in 1968. In 2007 it moved to its present grounds at Eslaforde Park.^{[380][381][382]} Sleaford Rugby FC was established in 1978^[383] and opened its clubhouse in 1999.^[384] Sleaford Golf Club was founded in 1905. In 2014, the club had roughly 600 members.^[385][386] Sleaford Cricket Club has grounds at London Road; the earliest record of the club is in 1803 and its pavilion opened in 1967.^[387] The town is also home to lawn bowling clubs, including Bristol Bowls Club (founded in 1934),^{[388][n 30]} Eslaforde Park BC,^[390] and Sleaford Town BC (at Mareham Lane).^[391] There is also Sleaford Indoor Bowling Club, established in 1991;^{[n 31]} an all-discipline gymnastics club founded in 1996;^[393][394] Sleaford Striders, an athletics club founded in 1984;^[395] and Sleaford Town Runners, established in 2006.^[396]

Sleaford Leisure Centre originated in the opening of an outdoor lido in 1886; a children's pool was added in 1960 but closed in 1981, while the older pool was converted into the modern indoor leisure centre in 1984.^[397] In 2013 North Kesteven District Council rebuilt the centre and its gym.^[398][399] Owned and managed by Sleaford Town Council, Sleaford Recreation Ground on Boston Road (opened in 1897) spans 13.8 acres.^{[208][n 32]} There are several other smaller open spaces and playgrounds managed by the town council.^{[n 33]}

Local media

Local news and television programmes is provided by BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire^[401] and ITV Yorkshire.^[402] BBC East Midlands and ITV Central can also be received in the town. Local radio stations include BBC Radio Lincolnshire^[403] and Hits Radio Lincolnshire (formerly Lincs FM).^[404] The town's local newspapers are the Sleaford Standard (founded in 1924),^[405] the Sleaford Advertiser (founded in 1980)^[406] and the Sleaford Target (founded in 1984).^[407] The Sleaford Gazette operated between 1854 and 1960 (when it was taken over by the Standard).^[408][409] The Sleaford Journal ran from at least 1884 until it was incorporated into the Gazette in 1929.^{[410][n 34]}

Historic buildings and landmarks

See also: Listed buildings in Sleaford

A small number of medieval buildings remain in the town. St Denys' Church, noted for its tracery, dates to the 12th century; its stone broach spire is one of the oldest in England. The half-timbered vicarage is 15th-century.^[411] Quarrington's St Botolph's Church includes 13th-century elements.^[412] The Bishops of Lincoln constructed the now-ruined Sleaford Castle^[64] and granted a market to the town.^[65] The town's historic core is the market place and the four roads which meet there: Northgate, Southgate, Eastgate and Westgate; many 18th- and 19th-century buildings are found in this area,^[413] including the "fine" baroque late-17th-century building now part of 2 Northgate, the Manor House inset with medieval masonry, and Sessions House. The Carre family founded the grammar school which was rebuilt in 1834, the hospital, rebuilt in 1830, and the almshouses, rebuilt 1857,^[413] while the Victorian builders Kirk and Parry constructed or added to numerous public buildings and private residences, including Lafford Terrace and their own houses on Southgate and at Westholme.^[414]

maltings complex, constructed in brick off Mareham Lane between 1892 and 1905, has a frontage over 1,000 feet long.^[421]

Sleafordians

The

Robert Armstrong Yerburgh the son of Rev. Richard Yerburgh, vicar of New Sleaford, was twice MP for Chester.^[424] The politicians Sir Thomas Meres^[425] and Sir Robert Pattinson (MP for Grantham) attended the grammar school.^[426]

The religious controversialist

John Austin, a religious writer, was educated at the grammar school.^[428] William Scoffin served as the town's Presbyterian minister and preached there for more than forty years,^[429] while Benjamin Fawcett, Presbyterian minister, was born and educated at Sleaford.^[430]

In science, Richard Banister, the oculist, practised for 14 years in Sleaford.^[431] Henry Andrews, astronomer and astrologer, worked in Sleaford in his youth.^[432] The botanist David H. N. Spence was born in Sleaford;^[433] and the sociologist Sheila Allen attended Kesteven and Sleaford High School.^[434]

The royalist poet Thomas Shipman was educated at Carre's Grammar School, as was novelist Henry Jackson.^[435][436] Joseph Smedley, the actor and comedian, built the theatre in 1824, before settling in the town in 1842.^[437] The children's author Morris Gleitzman,^[438] the actress and comedian Jennifer Saunders,^[439] the singer Lois Wilkinson of the Caravelles,^[440] Bernie Taupin (Elton John's lyricist),^[441] and Eric Thompson, who narrated The Magic Roundabout television series, were all born in Sleaford.^[442] The professional footballer Mark Wallington grew up in Sleaford and taught at St George's Academy.^[443]

Coat of arms

Coat of arms of Sleaford Town Council

Notes Sleaford Urban District Council was granted a coat of arms on 26 October 1950.[444] Its successor Sleaford Town Council was granted the right to use the arms in 1975.[445] Crest On a Wreath of the Colours an Eagle wings extended and head downwards and to the sinister proper holding in the beak an Ear of Wheat stalked and leaved Or. (not shown) Escutcheon Gules on a Chevron Or three Estoiles Sable on a Chief Argent as many Trefoils slipped Vert. Symbolism The shield combines elements from the arms of the Carre family and the Marquesses of Bristol; the eagle in the crest symbolises Sleaford's links with the Royal Air Force and the ear of wheat in its beak represents agriculture.[446]

References

Notes

1. ^ The Bishop succeeded a Saxon thegn, Bardi, and held 11 carucates with 29 villeins, 11 borders, 6 sokeman, a church and priest, and 8 mills, 1 acre (0.4 hectares) of woodland, 320 acres (130 hectares) of meadow and 330 acres (130 hectares) of marsh. Ramsey Abbey had been granted land in Sleaford and surrounding villages in about 1051. By Domesday its fee called Eslaforde consisted of 1 carucate, 1 sokeman, 2 villeins and 27 acres (11 hectares) of meadow; it was sokeland of the abbot of Ramsey's manor of Quarrington, where he is recorded holding two churches.^[51]
2. ^ This hypothesis was based on the topography, the granting of a fair, market and burgage tenure in the 12th century, and the "Old" and "New" epithets^[56]
3. ^ The earliest references to Old and New Sleaford occur in 13th century documents, which limits their use as evidence for town plantation; the grants of a market and fair in the 12th century do not necessarily indicate a new settlement, but merely a codification and rationalisation of pre-existing arrangements. The diversion of roads like Mareham Lane and the compass-aligned streets provide no chronology even if they imply a westward migration from Old Sleaford.^[57]
4. Queen Mary I later sold it to Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln.^[75]
5. ^ Bricks could also be transported more easily, which contributed to the construction of new buildings on West Banks, Grantham Road and London Road.^[89] For a full account of the development of West Banks and adjoining roads, see Stroud & Stroud 1981, pp. 51–65. Station Road and Nag's Head Passage were also developed in this period.^[90]
6. ^ The principle buildings were the Sessions House (1831), the grammar school (1834), Carre's Hospital (1830–1846), the gasworks (1839), Navigation House (1838–39), much of Eastgate (including the Alvey School in 1850, and Kingston and Lafford Terraces in 1856 and 1857), the cemetery (1856) and the corn exchange (1857)
7. ^ A Zeppelin raid passed overhead in 1916.^[106]
8. ^ These figures relate to the area of the Sleaford civil parish as defined in 1974. For the years before 1974, they relate to the civil parish's predecessor, the Sleaford Urban District, which existed between 1894 and 1974. For the years before 1894, they are the sum of the resident populations of the ancient/civil parishes of New Sleaford, Old Sleaford, Quarrington and (after it was separated from New Sleaford in 1866) Holdingham.
9. ^ Figures for 1801–1901, except 1861 and 1871, are taken from:
   • "New Sleaford CP/AP".
     Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
     on 28 November 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
   • "Old Sleaford CP/AP".
     Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
     on 2 June 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
   • "Quarrington CP/AP".
     Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
     on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
   • "Holdingham CP/Hmt".
     Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
     on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
   The following other sources have been used for particular years:
   • The figures for 1911 to 1961 are from "Sleaford UD".
     Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
     on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
   • The figures for 1861 and 1871 are based on combining the populations for Old Sleaford, New Sleaford and Holdingham parishes, as recorded in Census Office 1862, pp. 517, 850 and Census Office 1873, pp. 654, 685, 700, 710, 729
   • The figures for 1971, 1981 and 1991 are from Office of Population Censuses and Surveys 1984, p. 16 and Office of Population Censuses and Surveys 1994, p. 28
   • The figure for 2001 is from "2001 Census Key Statistics Report: Sleaford". Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
   • The figure for 2011 is from "Sleaford Parish: Local Area Report". Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 30 May 2024.;
   • The figure for 2021 has been obtained by querying the PP002 Dataset from the 2021 Census via Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
10. ^ These figures include Holdingham before 1866. The figures excluding Holdingham hamlet were: 1,483 (1801), 1,781 (1811), 2,094 (1821), 2,450 (1831), 3,184 (1841), 3,372 (1851),^[148] and 3,325 (1861).^[149]
11. ^
    Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
    on 28 November 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
    • "Old Sleaford CP/AP".
      Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
      on 2 June 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
    • "Quarrington CP/AP".
      Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
      on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
    The figures for 1861 and 1871 are based on combining the populations for Old Sleaford, New Sleaford and Holdingham parishes, as recorded in
    Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
    on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
12. ^ ^{a b c d} Residents aged 16 and over
13. ^ ^{a b c d} Households
14. ^ Proposals to link Sleaford to Ancaster for transporting stone in 1827 did not materialise; works by the Ambergate Company in the 1840s should have extended to Sleaford, but stopped at Grantham in 1850, while opposition from the Navigation Company to another proposal further delayed railway links to the town.^[176]
15. ^ The order establishing this arrangement made no mention of Holdingham,^[193] but contemporary press reports^[194] and the scholar F. A. Youngs^[195] state that Holdingham was included in New Sleaford USD.
16. ^ The UDC, like its predecessor, met in Sessions House until 1901, after which it used a purpose-built council chamber at Sleaford's fire station in Watergate. From 1919, the UDC also had a depot and stables at Jermyn Street and created a permanent office there in 1927. In 1955, the UDC brought its offices and council chamber under one roof when it moved into Westgate House, where the authority remained until its abolition.^[198]
17. ^ Sleaford Town Council owns and manages the town cemetery,^[207] as well as the Boston Road Recreation Ground and six other public open spaces;^[208] it also manages the market,^[209] Eastgate Car Park,^[210] the town's allotments on The Drove and Galley Hill,^[211] and several bus stops,^[212] public toilets,^[213] and street lighting and furniture.^[214][215]
18. ^ The town council met in and maintained an office at Westgate House from 1973 until 1981, after which it shared rooms at the new civic centre at St George's School; in 2002, the offices moved to 3 Hill House, Carre Street, but the council continued to meet at St George's until 2006, after which it met at Carre's Grammar School until 2011, after which meetings were held at The Source in Southgate. In 2015, it very briefly met at Mill House, before moving both its offices and council chamber to Quayside House that year; it purchased the property in 2016.^[220]
19. ^ The previous members were Douglas Hogg (1997–2010) and Stephen Phillips (2010–16).
20. primitive methodist chapel built in 1907 (superseding an older one on Westgate of 1841, which survives) and closed in 1964 when the society merged with the methodists on Northgate and worshipped at the chapel there.^[249]
21. ^ The site at the Hoplands was acquired by Sleaford Rural District Council (RDC) by 1960 to be used for housing, but in 1962 they opted to build a new office there (replacing smaller premises on Northgate, which they had occupied since 1915); the RDC building was completed in 1964 and included its council chamber and offices. After its abolition in 1974, the RDC's successor, North Kesteven District Council, used the site for offices and full council meetings, but after it extended its other building at Lafford Terrace in 1991, the district council sold the Hoplands site to Lincolnshire County Council,^[257] who spent £2m converting it into the police station between 1996 and 1998 (this included adding a cell block and communications tower).^[258]
22. ^ Covering the wapentakes of Flaxwell, Langoe, Aswardhurn, Loveden and Boothby Graffoe.^[272]
23. ^ ^{a b} The parishes of New and Old Sleaford were in the peculiar jurisdiction of the predendary until 1846, when they became part of Aswardhurn and Lafford Rural Deanery. In 1866 they were placed in Aswardhurn and Lafford No. 2 Rural Deanery, from 1884 in the Lafford No. 2 Rural Deanery, the Lafford South Rural Deanery from 1910, and since 1968, the Lafford Rural Deanery.^[315]
24. ^ Holdingham had its own chapel in the medieval period; dedicated to St Mary, it was last in use around the 1550s; it subsequently disappeared and its former location is not known.^[318]
25. Papists" and 6 Non-conformists.^[330] In the 19th century, it had a sizeable Non-conformist population and a large Anglican congregation; at the 1851 Census of Religious Worship, an estimated 2,000 people attended Non-conformist places of worship, while an estimated 600–700 people attended Anglican services in the parish.^[328] The Wesleyans met in Westgate in the early 19th century; by 1848, the congregation had set up in Northgate, an area known for its taverns and poor tenements.^[101]
26. ^ The local historian Simon Pawley says that they first in the 1790s at the house of Thomas Fawcett there,^[328] while the county council has stated that they first met in 1796 at the Paper Mills on Westgate, and then hired a room in Park's Yard in c. 1799, before occupying a succession of houses until 1802.^[334]
27. Primitive Methodists began meeting in the town in 1838 in a house in Long Row, New Quarrington. They then occupied a house on Westgate, before having a purpose-built chapel on that road in 1841; in 1964 the congregation merged with the Methodists based at Northgate.^[339]
28. Particular Calvinist Baptists.^[341] It closed in the 1980s.^[342]
29. ^ After closing in 2000, the building became a snooker hall and then a nightclub^[361][362] that closed in 2008^[363] before reopening as another nightclub in 2015 which was still operating in 2021,^[364] though as of 2024 the building has been converted into a sports bar.^[365]
30. ^ Sleaford has a lawn bowls club, Bristol Bowls Club, with facilities on Boston Road. Its origins trace back to at least 1904, when croquet matches were being played at Boston Road. Croquet fell out of favour in the 1930s and the croquet club was disbanded and the Boston Road Bowls Club founded in its place in 1934. By the 1960s, it had its own pavilion and lawn at Boston Road. It was renamed Bristol Bowls Club in 1961 to avoid confusion with the Sleaford Road (Boston) Bowls Club.^[389]
31. ^ Following a fundraising campaign and membership drive beginning in 1985, Sleaford Indoor Bowling Club purchased the lease on land adjacent to the town's leisure centre in 1987, and opened a purpose-built bowling centre in 1991, which was refurbished in 2004.^[392]
32. ^ Previously a plant nursery, by the 1890s the land was being let by its tenant Thomas Constable for public events and sports matches. The urban district council acquired his lease in 1897 to use the land as a recreation ground and bought the freehold from Lord Bristol in 1962 (also purchasing another field). In the 1950s and 1970s, the council added tennis courts.^[400]
33. ^ The council owns and manages Castlefield (6.2 acres), Woodside Play Area (5.5 acres), George Street Play Area (2.2 acres), Lincoln Road Play Area (1.2 acres), Meadowfield Play Area (0.75 acres) and Eastgate Green (0.75 acres); it manages but does not own the play areas at Peacock Court and Spire View.^[208]
34. ^ Short-lived newspapers included the Sleaford Telegraph (1888–1889) and the Sleaford Guardian (1945–1946).^[408]

Citations

1. ^ "Sleaford". City population. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
2. ^ "Election Maps". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
3. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, pp. 2, 6, 11, 18.
4. ^ For Flaxwell House and the Riverside Centre, and more detail on the loss of historic buildings, see Pawley 1996, pp. 121, 135.
5. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 65, 71.
6. ^ ^{a b} "Navigation House". Sleaford Navigation Trust. Archived from the original on 19 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
7. ^ ^{a b c} "History". The Hub. Archived from the original on 19 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
8. ^ ^{a b} Lincolnshire County Council 2022, p. 22.
9. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i} The names of locations can be found at "Sleaford". Bing Maps. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
10. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, pp. 20, 24.
11. ^ ^{a b} "Lollycocks Field". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
12. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, pp. 18, 20, 22.
13. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, pp. 20–21.
14. ^ ^{a b c} Pawley 1996, p. 122.
15. ^ Aitchison & Gunn 1981, p. 125.
16. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, pp. 3, 18.
17. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 79.
18. ^ Historic England. "Westholme (1062153)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
19. ^ "Reference Name LCL24620". Lincs to the Past. Lincolnshire Archives. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
20. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 104.
21. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, pp. 11, 22.
22. ^ Robinson 2001, pp. 8–9.
23. ^ ^{a b} Elsdon 1997, p. 7.
24. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, p. 1.
25. ^ "Development of Land Use". Lincolnshire County Council. Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
26. ^ National Farmers Union 2008, p. 1.
27. ^ ^{a b c} "Sleaford". Bing Maps. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
28. ^ ^{a b} "BGS Geology Viewer". British Geological Survey. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
29. ^ "Soilscapes". LandIS. Cranfield Environment Centre. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
30. ^ "Mareham Pastures". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
31. ^ "Climate of the World: England and Scotland". Weather Online. Archived from the original on 8 July 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
32. ^ "Climate and Weather". Lincolnshire County Council. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
33. ^ ^{a b} "Cranwell 1991–2020 averages". Met Office. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
34. ^ Met Office 2016, pp. 9–10.
35. ^ "Clean up after Tornado Hits Town". BBC News. 16 May 2006. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
36. ^ "Tornado Hits Sleaford Area". Sleaford Standard. 29 June 2012. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
37. ^ "Monthly Extreme Maximum Temperature". Starlings Roost Weather. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
38. ^ "Monthly Extreme Minimum Temperature". Starlings Roost Weather. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
39. ^ ^{a b} Ekwall 1977, p. 462.
40. ^ Creasey 1825, p. 21.
41. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, p. 6.
42. ^ May 1994, pp. 1–2.
43. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, p. 8.
44. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, pp. 8–10.
45. ^ ^{a b c} Mahany & Roffe 1979, p. 10.
46. ^ Burnham & Wacher 1990, p. 9.
47. ^ "Romano-British Roadside Settlement to the North of Boston Road, Sleaford". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
48. ^ "Skeleton Uncovered at Roman Dig in Sleaford". BBC News. 4 February 2010. Archived from the original on 26 December 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
49. ^ "First Roman Cemetery Plot in Sleaford Unearthed". Archaeological Project Services. 17 March 2011. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
50. ^ "Mediaeval Core of New Sleaford". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 10 May 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
51. ^ ^{a b c} Mahany & Roffe 1979, p. 11.
52. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 17.
53. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, pp. 14–16.
54. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 17–18; Quarrington means "settlement of millers".
55. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, pp. 11–12.
56. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, pp. 4–5.
57. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, pp. 11–13.
58. ^ ^{a b} Mahany & Roffe 1979, pp. 13–14.
59. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 15–16.
60. ^ Letters, Samantha. "Places". Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs in England and Wales to 1516. Centre for Metropolitan Studies, Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 24 September 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
61. ^ Beresford & Finberg 1973, p. 137; the survey was examined in Hosford 1968.
62. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, p. 18.
63. ^ Hosford 1968, p. 28.
64. ^ ^{a b} Pawley 1996, p. 24.
65. ^ ^{a b} Pawley 1996, p. 29.
66. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, pp. 18–19.
67. ^ Mahany & Roffe 1979, p. 19.
68. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 34.
69. ^ "General Settlement Record for New Sleaford". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
70. ^ "Settlement of Old Sleaford (Reference Name MLI91636)". Lincs to the Past. Lincolnshire Archives. Archived from the original on 9 November 2014. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
71. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 16.
72. ^ Trollope 1872, pp. 123–126; Pawley 1996, pp. 35–36.
73. ^ Trollope 1872, pp. 127–128; Pawley 1996, p. 35.
74. ^ Trollope 1872, pp. 129–130.
75. ^ Trollope 1872, p. 129.
76. ^ Trollope 1872, pp. 131–132.
77. ^ Trollope 1872, p. 134.
78. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 50.
79. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 43–44.
80. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 49–51 (quote at p. 51).
81. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 63–64.
82. ^ Ordnance Survey. 1:10,560 Map. Published 1891.
83. ^ ^{a b c} Pawley 1996, p. 64.
84. ^ ^{a b} "History – Establishment". Sleaford Navigation Trust. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
85. ^ ^{a b} "History – The Company". Sleaford Navigation Trust. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
86. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 65–66.
87. ^ ^{a b} Shaw 1981, pp. 79–81, 84, 86.
88. ^ ^{a b} "Slea Walks 6 – Sleaford, Holdingham, Ruskington & Haverholme Lock" (PDF). Sleaford Navigation Trust. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 September 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
89. ^ Shaw 1981, p. 87.
90. ^ Ellis 1981c, pp. 68–69.
91. ^ Shaw 1981, pp. 87–88.
92. ^ ^{a b} Shaw 1981, pp. 89–91.
93. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 72.
94. ^ ^{a b} Historic England. "Former Maltings of Bass Industrial Estate (1062154)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
95. ^ "New Sleaford AP/CP – Total Population". Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
96. ^ Pevsner, Harris & Antram 2002, pp. 654–657; Pawley 1996, pp. 101–102
97. ^ "Journal and Account Book of Charles Kirk of Sleaford, Builder and Architect (Reference Name MISC DON 1015)". Lincs to the Past. Lincolnshire Archives. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
98. ^ ^{a b} Shaw 1981, p. 94.
99. ^ ^{a b} "Sleaford, Lincolnshire". The Workhouse. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
100. ^ ^{a b} Pawley 1996, pp. 79–80.
101. ^ ^{a b} Pawley 1996, p. 103.
102. ^ Pawley & Turland 2021, p. 31.
103. ^ The report is: Ranger 1850.
104. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 80–81.
105. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 71, 88–89, 102–103.
106. ^ ^{a b} Pawley 1996, pp. 119–120.
107. ^ ^{a b} "History of Royal Air Force Cranwell". Cranwell Aviation Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
108. ^ "Formation of RAFC Cranwell". Royal Air Force. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013.
109. ^ "Outline History of RAF Cranwell". Royal Air Force Cranwell Apprentices' Association. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013.
110. ^ Ludlam 1988, p. 47.
111. ^ North Kesteven District Council 2011c, figure 8 (overleaf from page 5).
112. ^ ^{a b} Pawley 1996, pp. 121, 130.
113. ^ "Ward and Dale Anniversary 2014". Steam Plough Club. 8 June 2021. Archived from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
114. ^ "Monument Record MLI90625 – Site of Former Lee and Green Factory and Bottling Plant, Sleaford". Lincolnshire Heritage Explorer. Lincolnshire County Council. Archived from the original on 19 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
115. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2022, p. 24.
116. ^ "About Sleaford". Sleaford and District Civic Trust. Archived from the original on 17 September 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
117. ^ Central Lincolnshire Joint Planning Unit 2010, p. 41.
118. ^ "New Homes in Central Lincolnshire Could Reach 42,800". BBC News. 8 July 2013. Archived from the original on 10 March 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
119. ^ North Kesteven District Council 2011a, p. 1.
120. ^ "New Year Start to Regeneration". Sleaford Target. 20 December 1995. p. 5. Retrieved 7 February 2025 – via British Newspaper Archive.
121. ^ Ekosgen & Turley Economics 2015, p. 5.
122. ^ ^{a b c d} North Kesteven District Council 2024, p. 10.
123. ^ ^{a b} Central Lincolnshire Joint Strategic Planning Committee 2013, p. 104.
124. ^ ^{a b} North Kesteven District Council 2011d, pp. 38–39.
125. ^ Broun 2022, p. 48.
126. ^ ^{a b} Broun 2022, pp. 38–39.
127. ^ ^{a b c d e} Query the dataset "PP009 – Industry" via Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
128. ^ AR Urbanism 2022, p. 17.
129. ^ "Sleaford Supermarkets". Google Maps. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
130. ^ ^{a b} "Sleaford Enterprise Park". Google Maps. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
131. ^ Broun 2022, p. 43.
132. ^ "Markets". North Kesteven District Council. Archived from the original on 7 September 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
133. ^ North Kesteven District Council 2011d, pp. 19, 25.
134. ^ Kerching Retail 2015, p. 43.
135. ^ Kerching Retail 2015, p. 9.
136. ^ Kerching Retail 2015, pp. 10–11.
137. ^ For a summary, see AR Urbanism 2022, pp. 7–10.
138. ^ AR Urbanism 2022, p. 7.
139. ^ North Kesteven District Council 2011b.
140. ^ "Tesco Drops Plan for Sleaford and Mablethorpe Developments". BBC News. 9 January 2015. Archived from the original on 31 December 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
141. ^ Burton, Melanie (September 2017). "Initiatives Make a Difference". Lincolnshire Life. Archived from the original on 31 December 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
142. North Kesteven District Council. Archived from the original
     on 31 December 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
143. ^ Central Lincolnshire Joint Strategic Planning Committee 2013, pp. 104, 106.
144. North Kesteven District Council. Archived from the original
     on 31 December 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
145. ^ "Search Results". Ofsted. Archived from the original on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
146. ^ Broun 2022, pp. 38–40.
147. North Kesteven District Council. 8 November 2023. Archived from the original
     on 31 December 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
148. ^ Census Office 1852, p. 36.
149. ^ Census Office 1862, p. 850.
150. Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original on 28 November 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2024. The figures for 1861 and 1871 are based on Census Office 1862, p. 850 and Census Office 1873
     , p. 695.
151. ^ Hodgett 1975, pp. 190, 198.
152. ^ Cole 1913, pp. 96, 109.
153. ^ ^{a b} Ellis 1981b, p. 2.
154. Vision of Britain. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original
     on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
155. ^ Office of Population Censuses and Surveys 1984, p. 16.
156. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 120, 122.
157. ^ Gillespies 2011, p. 38.
158. ^ For the population in 1981, see Office of Population Censuses and Surveys 1984, p. 16; for the population in 2011, see "Sleaford Parish: Local Area Report". Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
159. ^ Query the dataset PP002 – Sex via Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 2 June 2024.
160. North Kesteven District Council
     . Retrieved 3 June 2024.
161. ^ ^{a b} Query the dataset "PP005 – Ethnicity" via Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
162. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "England Country: 2021 Census Area Report". Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
163. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "Sleaford Parish: Local Area Report". Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
164. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "England: Country Report". Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
165. ^ ^{a b} Query the dataset "PP004 – Economic Activity" via Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
166. ^ ^{a b} Query the dataset "PP011 – Occupation" via Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
167. ^ Lincolnshire County Council 2019, p. 6.
168. Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities
     , 25 September 2019). Retrieved 4 June 2024.
169. ^ ^{a b c} "Sleaford". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
170. ^ "18 June 1971". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 18 June 1971. col. 153W.
171. ^ "Archive Listings 721–740". Lincolnshire Film Archive (ARCHON directory code 2929). Retrieved 7 January 2015. Archived on 17 April 2024. See no. 732 ("Building the A17 Bypass"), on standard 8 mm colour film, a sample of which is available on YouTube.
172. ^ "Contract – Sleaford, Lincolnshire; Morrison Shand Construction". Construction News. 4 June 1992. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023.
173. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 137.
174. ^ "No. 53838". The London Gazette. 3 November 1994. p. 15413.
175. ^ "Homepage". LincsBus. Lincolnshire County Council. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
176. ^ Shaw 1981, pp. 79–81.
177. ^ Squires 1988, pp. 109–113.
178. ^ "Route Map". East Midlands Railway. May 2022. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
179. ^ "Route (road): Sleaford, Lincolnshire, UK, to Grantham Station, Station Road, Grantham". Google Maps. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
180. ^ London North Eastern Railway 2024.
181. ^ "History – The Early Years". Sleaford Navigation Trust. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 29 November 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) Archived at the Internet Archive on .
182. ^ For a history, see Varley 1974.
183. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, p. 6.
184. ^ ^{a b} Youngs 1991, p. 279.
185. ^ Youngs 1991, p. 699.
186. ^ White 1856, p. 430.
187. ^ ^{a b} "Holdingham Hamlet/Civil Parish". A Vision of Britain through Time. University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original on 4 May 2024. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
188. ^ Youngs 1991, p. 703.
189. ^ Webb 2002, p. 181.
190. ^ "No. 21155". The London Gazette. 19 November 1850. pp. 3039–3041.
191. ^ "Folio 613. To: Edmund Clements, Clerk to the Sleaford Local Board of Health". The National Archives. 29 October 1851. Archived from the original on 5 January 2025. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
192. ^ Public Health Act 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 79), ss. 3–4. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
193. ^ Local Government Board's Provisional Orders Confirmation (Caistor Union, &c.) Act 1877 (40 & 41 Vict. c. 227). p. 22. Retrieved 9 June 2024 – via Legislation.gov.uk.
194. ^ "Sleaford Local Board of Health". Stamford Mercury. 30 November 1877. p. 6. Retrieved 9 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive. The District comprises the parishes of New Sleaford, Old Sleaford, Quarrington, and Holdingham...
195. ^ Youngs 1991, p. 705.
196. ^ Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73), s. 21. Retrieved 9 June 2024 – via Legislation.gov.uk.
197. ^ "Kesteven County Council". Stamford Mercury. 16 November 1900. p. 6. Retrieved 21 November 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive. ...henceforth the name or style of the Urban District Council of New Sleaford and their district shall be respectively known as the "Sleaford Urban District Council" and the "Sleaford Urban District"...
198. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, pp. 8–9.
199. ^ Youngs 1991, p. 708.
200. ^ Urban districts were abolished with effect from 1 April 1974: Local Government Act 1972 (1972, c. 70), s. 1(10). Retrieved 9 June 2024 – via Legislation.gov.uk.
201. ^ The Local Government (Successor Parishes) Order 1973 (1973, no. 1110). Retrieved 21 November 2023 – via Legislation.gov.uk.
202. ^ "Town Gets First Mayor". Sleaford Standard. 16 November 1973. p. 1. Retrieved 9 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
203. ^ Local Government Act 1972 (1972, c. 70), s. 245. Retrieved 21 November 2023 – via Legislation.gov.uk.
204. ^ "Councillors". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
205. HM Government. Archived from the original
     on 15 July 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
206. ^ "How Is Local Government Organised?". Local Government Association. Archived from the original on 14 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
207. ^ "Town Cemetery". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 17 November 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
208. ^ ^{a b c} "Parks & Open Spaces". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
209. ^ "Sleaford Market". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
210. ^ "Car Parks". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
211. ^ "Allotments". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
212. ^ "Bus Stops & Shelters". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 14 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
213. ^ "Building Maintenance". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 12 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
214. ^ "Street Furniture". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 11 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
215. ^ "Street Lighting". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
216. ^ ^{a b} The North Kesteven (Electoral Changes) Order 2021
217. ^ The Lincolnshire (Electoral Changes) Order 2016
218. ^ "Home". Sleaford Town Council. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
219. ^ "Navigation Yard". The Sleaford Heritage Trail. Sleaford and District Civic Trust. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
220. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, pp. 9–10.
221. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, pp. 7, 12–13.
222. ^ Historic England. "Lafford Terrace (1062147)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
223. ^ Ellis 1981d, pp. 171–172.
224. ^ Olney 1973, p. 251.
225. ^ Ellis 1981d, p. 175.
226. ^ The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995 (1995, no. 1626), article 2 with reference to the schedule. Retrieved 5 January 2025 – via Legislation.gov.uk.
227. ^ Youngs 1991, p. 244.
228. ^ "Dr Caroline Johnson". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 1 December 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
229. ^ "Election 2024: Sleaford and North Hykeham". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2 January 2025. Retrieved 2 January 2025.
230. ^ Page 1974, p. 12.
231. ^ "Sleaford Gas Works (HER Number 60660)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
232. ^ "Monument Record MLI125774 – Clay Hill Reservoir, Sleaford". Lincolnshire Heritage Explorer. Lincolnshire County Council. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
233. ^ Sleaford Water Act 1879 (42 & 43 Vict., c. xxxiii). Retrieved 5 February 2025 – via the Legislation.gov.uk.
234. ^ Page 1974, pp. 7–11.
235. ^ The Anglian Water Authority Constitution Order 1973 (1973, no. 1359). Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via Legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
236. ^ ^{a b} Pawley 1996, p. 80.
237. ^ Pawley 1992, pp. 8–10.
238. ^ "Odd Arrangement". Sleaford Gazette. 31 December 1954. p. 4. Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
239. ^ "Sewage Plan". Sleaford Standard. 9 February 1978. p. 11. Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
240. ^ "Sewage Work to Hit Traffic". Sleaford Standard. 9 February 1978. p. 11. Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
241. ^ "Sewage Boost". Lincolnshire Echo. 3 August 1994. p. 15. Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
242. ^ Page 1974, pp. 14–18.
243. Her Majesty's Stationery Office
     , 1900).
244. ^ "Records of the East Midlands Electricity Board, 1948–1990". Archives Hub. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
245. ^ "Sleaford Straw-Fired Power Plant Fired for First Time". BBC News. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
246. ^ ^{a b} Brand & Pawley 2024, p. 29.
247. Post Office
     . Retrieved 9 June 2024.
248. Post Office. Archived from the original
     on 24 July 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
249. ^ "Primitive Methodist Chapel, West Gate (Building Record MLI91735)". Lincolnshire Heritage Explorer. Lincolnshire County Council. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
250. ^ ^{a b c} Brand & Pawley 2024, p. 60.
251. ^ "Sleaford Library". Lincolnshire County Council. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
252. ^ ^{a b} "Sleaford Town". Lincolnshire Police. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
253. HM Government
     . Retrieved 10 June 2024.
254. ^ "999". East Midlands Ambulance Service. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
255. ^ Worsencroft 1978, p. 24.
256. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, p. 13.
257. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, pp. 11–13.
258. ^ "New 'Nick' Will Cost £2 Million". Sleaford Standard. 31 October 1996. p. 11. Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
259. ^ "New Ambulance Depot to Be Re-Sited". Sleaford Gazette. 26 July 1957. p. 8. Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
260. ^ "County Council Briefs". Lincolnshire Echo. 18 February 1960. p. 7. Retrieved 10 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
261. ^ "Sleaford's New, £6m Shared Fire and Ambulance Station Goes Live". Lincolnshire World. 3 May 2018. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
262. United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust
     . Retrieved 10 June 2024.
263. NHS
     . Retrieved 10 June 2024.
264. NHS
     . Retrieved 10 June 2024.
265. NHS
     . Retrieved 10 June 2024.
266. ^ "Ash Villa". Care Quality Commission. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
267. ^ "Find and Compare Services". Care Quality Commission. Retrieved 10 June 2024.. Search for Sleaford and filter by "nursing homes".
268. ^ "Rauceby Hospital, Sleaford". County Asylums. Archived from the original on 25 December 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
269. ^ Davies, Elaine (15 September 2017). "Farewell to a Chapter of a Town's History – 1930s Maternity Home Where Babies Were Born for a Generation Could Be Turned into Flats". Lincolnshire Live. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
270. ^ ^{a b} "Local Criminal Justice". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
271. ^ "The Assizes". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
272. ^ ^{a b} Peyton 1931, p. lxix.
273. ^ Olney 1979, pp. 7–9.
274. ^ Olney 1979, pp. 109–110.
275. ^ Ingman 2011, p. 25.
276. ^ "History". Lincoln Castle. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
277. ^ "Sessions House". Sleaford Heritage Trail. Sleaford and District Civic Trust. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
278. ^ Straw, Jack (18 March 2010). "HM Courts Service Estates". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). United Kingdom: House of Commons. col. 74WS.
279. ^ ^{a b c} "Search Results". Ofsted. January 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
280. ^ Kelly's Directories 1889, p. 396; Thornton 1998, pp. 2–5.
281. ^ "Academy Conversion and Predecessor Schools". Ofsted. 18 February 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
282. ^ Ofsted 2022b, pp. 1, 5.
283. ^ Ofsted 2022b, p. 5.
284. ^ "The Former Quarrington Primary School, Grantham Road, Sleaford (ref. name MLI94228)". Lincs to the Past. Lincolnshire Archives. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
285. ^ Ofsted 2023b, p. 5.
286. ^ Ofsted 2023b, p. 1.
287. ^ "Home". Our Lady of Good Counsel Church, Sleaford. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
288. ^ "Our Lady of Good Counsel Catholic Primary School, a Voluntary Academy". Ofsted. 22 January 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
289. ^ Ofsted 2023a, pp. 1, 5.
290. ^ "Sleaford New Council Schools". Sleaford Gazette and South Lincolnshire Advertiser. 9 May 1908. p. 8. Retrieved 18 April 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
291. ^ "New Names and Faces for New School Year". Sleaford Target. 22 September 1999. p. 13. Retrieved 15 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
292. HM Government
     . Retrieved 15 June 2024.
293. ^ Ofsted 2014, p. 1.
294. ^ Kesteven and Sleaford High School 2023, pp. 1–2.
295. ^ "Admissions". Carre's Grammar School. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
296. ^ St George's Academy 2024.
297. ^ Ellis 1954, pp. 9–10, 12–13.
298. ^
     HM Government
     . Retrieved 15 June 2024.
299. ^ "Carre' Grammar School". Ofsted. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
300. ^
     HM Government
     . Retrieved 15 June 2024.
301. ^ Pawley 1996, p. 119.
302. ^ ^{a b} "Kesteven and Sleaford High School Selective Academy". Department for Education. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
303. ^ "Kesteven and Sleaford High School". Department for Education. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
304. ^ "Headteacher Leaves as Kesteven and Sleaford High School Joins Carre's Multi-Academy Trust". Sleaford Standard. 1 September 2015. Archived from the original on 12 September 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
305. ^ ^{a b c d} "About Us". St George's Academy. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
306. ^ ^{a b} "Brief History". St George's College of Technology. Archived from the original on 11 December 2009.
307. ^ "New Status for St George's". Sleaford Standard. 27 February 1992.
308. ^ "St George's Academy". Ofsted. 25 July 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
309. ^ "Home". Sleaford Joint Sixth Form. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
310. ^ Taylor 2009, p. 146.
311. ^ Ofsted 2022a, pp. 1, 5.
312. ^ ^{a b} Historic England. "The Parish Church of St Denys (1062157)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
313. ^ See "Parish Finder". A Church Near You. The Church of England. Retrieved 13 June 2024. Select "Parish of Sleaford, St Denys'" in map.
314. ^ "St Denys', Sleaford: More Information". A Church Near You. The Church of England. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
315. ^ Youngs 1991, pp. 245, 279.
316. ^ Trollope 1872, pp. 140–141, 143–144.
317. ^ "Worship". St Denys' Church, Sleaford. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
318. ^ "Site of St Mary's Chapel, Holdingham (HER Number 60400)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
319. ^ "Site of the Medieval Church of St Giles, Old Sleaford (HER Number MLI60697)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
320. ^ Trollope 1872, pp. 184–185.
321. ^ Quarrington and Old Sleaford Parochial Church Council 2009, pp. 5–6.
322. ^ "Noticeboard". St Botolph's Church, Quarrington. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
323. ^ "St Botolph's". A Church Near You. The Church of England. Archived from the original on 12 September 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
324. ^ Quarrington and Old Sleaford Parochial Church Council 2009, pp. 6–7.
325. ^ Greenway 1977, pp. 73–74.
326. ^ Trollope 1872, pp. 141–142;Foster 1930, p. 415.
327. ^ "Former Dissenters Chapel, Southgate, Sleaford (HER Number MLI97325)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
328. ^ ^{a b c} Pawley 1996, p. 88.
329. ^ "Former Countess of Huntingdon, and Later Independent Congregational, Chapel, 30–32 Jermyn Street, Sleaford (HER Number MLI97244)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
330. ^ Whiteman & Clapinson 1986, pp. 363.
331. ^ "Southgate Congregational Chapel, Sleaford (HER Number 65326)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
332. ^ "History". Riverside Church. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
333. ^ "Calendar". Sleaford Riverside Church. Archived from the original on 6 August 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
334. ^ ^{a b} "Former Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, 40–42, Westgate, Sleaford (HER Number 65622)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
335. ^ "Sleaford Northgate Chapel". Lincolnshire Archives. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
336. ^ "Sleaford Methodist Church". Sleaford Methodist Circuit. Archived from the original on 25 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
337. ^ "Wesleyan Reform Methodist chapel, West Banks, Sleaford (HER Number 65339)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
338. Salvation Army. Archived from the original
     on 12 August 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
339. ^ "Primitive Methodist Chapel, West Gate (HER Number MLI91735)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
340. ^ "Baptist Chapel at Old Sleaford (HER Number 65337)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
341. ^ "The Temple, Eastgate, Sleaford (HER Number MLI91725)". Heritage Gateway. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
342. ^ When the building was converted into a shop in 1996, it was reported that it had been derelict for "ten years or more": "Breathing New Life into Chapel". Sleaford Standard. 23 May 1996. p. 7. Retrieved 13 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive. It was still in operation as a church in 1980: "The Churches". Sleaford Standard. 6 November 1980. p. 25. Retrieved 13 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
343. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 89–90; Pevsner, Harris & Antram 2002, p. 653.
344. ^ Diocese of Nottingham 2023, p. 60.
345. ^ "Mass Times". Our Lady of Good Counsel. Archived from the original on 21 November 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
346. ^ "Building on Their Faith". Sleaford Standard. 11 November 1999. p. 12. Retrieved 13 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
347. ^ "New Hall Is Witness to Team Work". Sleaford Target. 24 November 1999. p. 3. Retrieved 13 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
348. ^ "Find a Meeting". JW.org. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
349. ^ "Moving Forward into a New Life". Sleaford Standard. 5 March 1998. p. 2. Retrieved 13 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
350. ^ "Church Needs Room to Grow". Sleaford Standard. 30 December 2002. p. 5. Retrieved 13 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
351. ^ "What's on". New Life Church. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
352. ^ "Community Larder". New Life Church. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
353. ^ "Crowning Occasion for Sleaford Spiritualists". Sleaford Gazette. 12 October 1956. p. 2. Retrieved 14 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
354. ^ "Sleaford Spiritualist Church". Spiritualists' National Union. 20 September 2017. Archived from the original on 18 July 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
355. ^ "Mayor Opens New Muslim Prayer Hall". Sleaford Standard. 11 September 2015. Archived from the original on 19 March 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
356. ^ Sleaford and District Civic Trust 2021, pp. 6–7.
357. ^ "Home". Sleaford Islamic Centre. Archived from the original on 29 November 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
358. ^ "About". The National Centre for Craft & Design. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
359. ^ "Home". Carre Gallery. Archived from the original on 17 November 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
360. ^ "History of the Sleaford Playhouse". Sleaford Playhouse. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
361. ^ "Sleaford Cinema". Cinema Treasures. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
362. ^ "Iconic Film Posters up for Auction from Cinema Owner". Sleaford Standard. 4 May 2014. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
363. ^ "Flicks Venue Has Been Boarded up until Night Time Trade Improves". Sleaford Standard. 4 March 2008. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
364. ^ Mann, Sebastian (15 December 2021). "From Picturehouse to Nightclub – The Forgotten History of Sleaford's Former Cinema". Lincolnshire Live. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
365. ^ "Rewind Sports Bar". Google Maps. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
366. ^ Spence, Rachael (2 May 1996). "Carnival Is Over". Sleaford Standard. p. 1. Retrieved 17 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
367. ^ Fox, Glynis (January 2014). "Sleaford Makes a Splash". Lincolnshire Life. Archived from the original on 10 September 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
368. ^ "Sleaford Carnival 2016 Cancelled Due to Pressures of Work and Illness". Lincolnshire World. 23 May 2016. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
369. Lincolnshire Live
     . Retrieved 3 January 2025. The RiverLight culture and heritage festival will be returning to a Lincolnshire town after a successful debut in 2022.
370. North Kesteven District Council. Archived from the original
     on 21 July 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
371. ^ Hubbard, Andy (18 March 2024). "Tuning up for Sleaford Live Week 2024". Lincolnshire World. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024.
372. ^ "Sleaford Museum Wins HLF support". Heritage Lottery Fund. 23 December 2013. Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
373. ^ "Museum Open for Business". Sleaford Standard. 10 April 2015. Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
374. ^ "About Us". Sleaford and District Civic Trust. Archived from the original on 18 September 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
375. ^ "Home". Sleaford and District Civic Trust. Archived from the original on 8 November 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
376. ^ "Rotary Club to Receive Charter". Sleaford Gazette. 1 June 1956. p. 1. Retrieved 17 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
377. ^ "Gallery and Latest News". Sleaford Rotary Club. Archived from the original on 4 August 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
378. ^ "Home". Sleaford and District Twinning Association. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
379. ISSN 0261-3077
     . Retrieved 10 March 2025.
380. ^ ^{a b} "Sleaford Town FC". United Counties League. Archived from the original on 3 January 2025. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
381. ^ "History". Sleaford Town FC. Archived from the original on 20 September 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
382. ^ "Sleaford Town Name Tony Farrow as New chairman". Lincolnshire Echo. 25 June 2009. Archived from the original on 11 September 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
383. ^ "About". Sleaford RFC. Archived from the original on 3 January 2025. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
384. ^ "Facilities – Sleaford RFC". Pitch Hero. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
385. ^ "Welcome to Sleaford Golf Club". Sleaford Golf Club. Archived from the original on 18 August 2014. Retrieved 11 September 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
386. ^ "History". Sleaford Golf Club. Archived from the original on 17 August 2014. Retrieved 11 September 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
387. ^ "About". Sleaford Cricket Club. 7 June 2020. Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
388. ^ "Affiliated Clubs". Lincolnshire (EBF) Bowling Association. 26 November 2023. Archived from the original on 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
389. ^ "Change Name and Policy Too!". Sleaford Standard. 19 May 1961. p. 24. Retrieved 16 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
390. ^ "Eslaforde Park". Bowls England. Archived from the original on 14 July 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
391. ^ "Sleaford Town". Bowls England. Archived from the original on 12 September 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
392. ^ "About Us". Sleaford Indoor Bowls Club. Archived from the original on 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
393. ^ "Sleaford Gymnastics Club". British Gymnastics. Archived from the original on 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
394. ^ "Sleaford Gymnastics Club (est 1996)". Lincolnshire County Council. Archived from the original on 11 September 2014. Retrieved 11 September 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
395. ^ "About Us". Sleaford Striders Athletic Club. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
396. ^ "Home". Sleaford Town Runners. Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
397. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, p. 49.
398. ^ "Sleaford Swimming Pool to Get Multi-Million Pound Revamp". BBC News. 7 October 2011. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
399. ^ "Water Way to Open a Swimming Pool! Sleaford Leisure Centre Reopens after £2.85m Revamp". Sleaford Standard. 18 October 2013. Archived from the original on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
400. ^ Brand & Pawley 2024, p. 56.
401. ^ "Changing UK: Map of BBC TV Regions". BBC News. 1 December 2008. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
402. ^ "ITV Regions". ITV. Archived from the original on 4 February 2019.
403. ^ "BBC Radio Lincolnshire". BBC. Archived from the original on 29 December 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
404. Lincolnshire Live
     . Retrieved 3 January 2025.
405. ^ "Sleaford Standard". Newsplan: Libraries and Information, East Midlands. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
406. ^ "Sleaford Advertiser". Newsplan: Libraries and Information, East Midlands. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
407. ^ "Sleaford Target". Newsplan: Libraries and Information, East Midlands. Archived from the original on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
408. ^ ^{a b} Lincolnshire Archives n.d., p. 6.
409. ^ Morton, Hugh (29 April 1960). "A Personal Farewell...". Sleaford Gazette. p. 1. Retrieved 15 June 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
410. ^ "Sleaford Journal". Newsplan: Libraries and Information, East Midlands. Archived from the original on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
411. ^ Pevsner, Harris & Antram 2002, pp. 650, 653, .
412. ^ Historic England. "Church of St Botolph (1360452)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
413. ^ ^{a b} Pevsner, Harris & Antram 2002, pp. 653–656.
414. ^ Pawley & Peach 1996, pp. 3–4.
415. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 17–18.
416. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 64–66.
417. ^ Historic England. "Former Office Building in Centre of Yard Formerly Occupied by Hubbard and Phillips Limited (1061301)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
418. ^ Historic England. "Handley Memorial (1168583)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
419. ^ Historic England. "Sleaford Railway Station (1062114)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
420. ^ Historic England. "The Pines and Attached Former Warehouse and Offices (1261293)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
421. ^ Pevsner, Harris & Antram 2002, p. 657.
422. ^ Pawley 1996, pp. 64–65.
423. History of Parliament Trust. Archived from the original
     on 19 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
424. ^ Harrison, Simon (2006) [2004]. "Yerburgh, Robert Armstrong (1853–1916)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
425. ^ Handley, Stuart (2004). "Meres, Sir Thomas (bap. 1634, d. 1715)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
426. ^ "Pattinson, Sir Robert". Who Was Who. Oxford University Press. 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
427. ^ Fell-Smith, Charlotte; Mercer, M. J. (2004). "Pickworth, Henry (c. 1673–c. 1738)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
428. ^ Blom, J.; Blom, F. (2015) [2004]. "Austin, John (1613–1669)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
429. ^ Leachman, Caroline L. (2004). "Scoffin, William (1654/5–1732)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
430. ^ Kirk, Brian W. (2004). "Fawcett, Benjamin (1715–1780)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
431. ^ Savage-Smith, Emilie (2004). "Banister, Richard (c. 1570–1626)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
432. ^ Curry, Patrick (2004). "Andrews, Henry (1744–1820)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
433. ^ Waterston & Macmillan Shearer 2006, p. 871.
434. ^ Roberts, Helen; Webster, Juliet (4 May 2009). "Sheila Allen: Uncompromising Sociologist Who Pioneered the Concept of Institutional Racism in Britain". The Independent. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
435. ^ Ellis 1954, p. 42.
436. ^ Goodwin, Gordon; Stephen, Megan A. (2004). "Jackson, Henry (1831–1879)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
437. ^ Taylor, C. M. P. (2004). "Smedley, Joseph (1784–1863)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
438. ^ "Morris Gleitzman". British Council. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
439. ^ Whitney, Barbara (2024). "Jennifer Saunders". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 August 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
440. ISBN 978-0-19-972636-3
     .
441. ISBN 978-0-19-972636-3
     .
442. ^ McGown, Alistair (2005) [2004]. "Thompson, Eric Norman (1929–1982)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
443. ^ "Mark Wallington (born 1952): Professional Footballer". Lincolnshire Echo. 6 March 2009. Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
444. ^ "Sleaford Urban District (Lincolnshire)". Civic Heraldry. Robert Young. Archived from the original on 7 December 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
445. ^ The Local Authorities (Armorial Bearings) Order 1975 (SI 1975/621). Legislation.gov.uk (The National Archives). Retrieved 3 January 2025.
446. ^ "Sleaford". Sleaford Town Council. Archived from the original on 15 November 2010.

Bibliography

• Aitchison, Frances; Gunn, Amelia (1981), "Education", in Ellis, Charles (ed.), Mid-Victorian Sleaford, 1851–1871, Lincolnshire History, vol. 4, Lincoln: Lincolnshire Library Service,
  ISBN 978-0-86111-102-2
• AR Urbanism (2022), Sleaford Masterplan – Town Centre Refresh: Baseline Assessment and Proposed Strategy (PDF), London: AR Urbanism for
  North Kesteven District Council, archived from the original
  (PDF) on 31 December 2024
• ISBN 978-0-7153-5997-6
• Brand, Anthony; Pawley, Simon (2024), Celebrating Fifty (PDF), Sleaford: Sleaford Town Council, archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2024
• Broun, James L. (2022). The Private Housing Estate, the 'New Middle Classes' and the Making of Post-Industrial England, 1970–2020 (PhD). University of Sussex.
• Burnham, Barry C.;
  ISBN 978-0-520-07303-6
• Central Lincolnshire Joint Planning Unit (2010), Central Lincolnshire Core Strategy: Issues and Options 2010 (PDF), Sleaford: Central Lincolnshire Joint Strategic Planning Committee, archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2015
• Central Lincolnshire Joint Strategic Planning Committee (2013), Central Lincolnshire Local Plan: Core Strategy: Partial Draft Plan for Consultation: Area Policies for Lincoln, Gainsborough and Sleaford, Lincoln: Central Lincolnshire Joint Planning Unit, archived from the original on 21 May 2024.
• Census Office (1852), Census of Great Britain, 1851: Population Tables. I. Numbers of the Inhabitants, in the Years 1801, 1811, 1821, 1831, 1841, & 1851, vol. 2, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office,
  OCLC 27208914
• Census Office (1862), Census of England and Wales, 1861: Population Tables, vol. 1, London: George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode.
• Census Office (1873), Census of England and Wales, 1871: General Report, vol. 4, London: George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode.
• Cole, R. E. G., ed. (1913), Speculum Diœceseos Lincolniensis: Sub Episcopis Gul: Wake et Edm: Gibson, A.D. 1705–1723: Part I: Archdeaconries of Lincoln and Stow, Publications of the Lincoln Record Society, vol. 4, Lincoln: W. K. Morton and Sons for the
  OCLC 25782936
• Creasey, J. (1825), Sketches, Illustrative of the History and Topography of New and Old Sleaford, Sleaford: J. Creasey,
  OCLC 12993053
• ISBN 978-0-19-869103-7
• Diocese of Nottingham (2023), Nottingham Diocesan Yearbook 2023 (PDF), Nottingham: Diocese of Nottingham, archived from the original (PDF) on 13 June 2024
• Ekosgen; Turley Economics (2015), Central Lincolnshire Economic Needs Assessment: Final Report (PDF), Manchester: Turley, archived from the original (PDF) on 3 November 2021.
• Ellis, Charles W. R. (1954), Carre's Grammar School: 1604–1954, Sleaford: W. K. Morton & Sons,
  OCLC 40597553
• Ellis, Charles, ed. (1981a), Mid-Victorian Sleaford, 1851–1871, Lincolnshire History, vol. 4, Lincoln: Lincolnshire Library Service,
  ISBN 978-0-86111-102-2
• Ellis, Charles (1981b), "Background", in Ellis, Charles (ed.), Mid-Victorian Sleaford, 1851–1871, Lincolnshire History, vol. 4, Lincoln: Lincolnshire Library Service, pp. 1–4,
  ISBN 978-0-86111-102-2
• Ellis, Charles (1981c), "Buildings Going up, Areas Decaying", in Ellis, Charles (ed.), Mid-Victorian Sleaford, 1851–1871, Lincolnshire History, vol. 4, Lincoln: Lincolnshire Library Service, pp. 67–70,
  ISBN 978-0-86111-102-2
• Ellis, Charles (1981d), "Sleaford and National Politics", in Ellis, Charles (ed.), Mid-Victorian Sleaford, 1851–1871, Lincolnshire History, vol. 4, Lincoln: Lincolnshire Library Service, pp. 171–179,
  ISBN 978-0-86111-102-2
• Elsdon, Sheila M. (1997), Old Sleaford Revealed: A Lincolnshire Settlement in Iron Age, Roman, Saxon and Medieval Times: Excavations 1882–1995, Oxford: Oxbrow Books,
  ISBN 978-1-900188-32-6
• OCLC 931242560
• Gillespies (2011), Sleaford Masterplan: Final Report (PDF), Leeds: Gillespies, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2021
• Greenway, Diana E. (1977), "Prebendaries: Lafford", in Greenway, Diana E. (ed.), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, vol. 3, London:
  ISBN 978-0-901179-43-2
• Hodgett, Gerald A. J. (1975), Tudor Lincolnshire, History of Lincolnshire, vol. 6, Lincoln: History of Lincolnshire Committee for the
  ISBN 978-0-902668-05-8
• Hosford, W. H. (1968). "The Manor of Sleaford in the Thirteenth Century". Nottingham Medieval Studies. 12: 21–39.
  doi:10.1484/J.NMS.3.37
  .
• Ingman, Terence (2011), The English Legal Process, Oxford:
  ISBN 978-0-19-958194-8
• OCLC 1252098077
• Kerching Retail (2015), Sleaford Town Centre Vision (PDF), Lutterworth: Kerching Retail for
  North Kesteven District Council, archived from the original
  (PDF) on 10 June 2024
• Kesteven and Sleaford High School (2023), Kesteven and Sleaford High School: Part of the Robert Carre Trust: Admissions Policy, 2025–2026, Sleaford: Kesteven and Sleaford High School, archived from the original on 9 May 2024
• Lincolnshire Archives (n.d.), Lincolnshire Newspapers Bibliography (PDF), Lincoln: Lincolnshire Archives, archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016{{citation}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
• Lincolnshire County Council (2019). Indices of Multiple Deprivation 2019 (PDF). Lincoln: Lincolnshire County Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 June 2020.
• Lincolnshire County Council (2022), Lincolnshire Extensive Urban Survey: Sleaford – 2022 (PDF), Lincoln: Lincolnshire County Council, archived from the original (PDF) on 21 November 2023
• London North Eastern Railway (2024), Train Times: Sunday 15 December 2024 – Saturday 17 May 2025 (PDF), York: London North Eastern Railway, archived from the original (PDF) on 2 January 2025, retrieved 5 January 2025
• Ludlam, A. J. (1988), The RAF Cranwell Railway, Locomotive Papers, vol. 169, Oxford: Oakwood Press,
  ISBN 978-0-85361-379-4
• Mahany, Christine; Roffe, David (1979), Sleaford, Stamford: South Lincolnshire Archaeological Unit,
  ISBN 978-0-906295-02-1
• May, Jeffrey (1994). "Coinage and the Settlements of the Corieltauvi in the East Midlands and England" (PDF). British Numismatic Journal. 64. British Numismatic Society: 1–21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 November 2023.
• Met Office (2016), Eastern England: Climate (PDF), London: Met Office, archived from the original (PDF) on 4 June 2024, retrieved 4 June 2024
• National Farmers Union (2008), Why Farming Matters in the Fens, London: National Farmers Union, archived from the original
  on 18 January 2015
• North Kesteven District Council (2011a), Sleaford Masterplan: Appendix 4: Market Issues Report, GOAD Report and Employment Trends (PDF), Sleaford: North Kesteven District Council, archived from the original (PDF) on 5 December 2014
• North Kesteven District Council (2011b), Sleaford Masterplan: Executive Summary, Sleaford: North Kesteven District Council, archived from the original on 18 January 2015
• North Kesteven District Council (2011c), Sleaford Masterplan Scoping study: Final Report, Sleaford: North Kesteven District Council, archived from the original on 5 December 2014
• North Kesteven District Council (2011d), Sleaford Masterplan: Final Report (PDF), Sleaford: North Kesteven District Council, archived from the original (PDF) on 3 June 2024
• North Kesteven District Council (2024), North Kesteven District Profile February 2024 (PDF), Sleaford: North Kesteven District Council, archived from the original
  (PDF) on 25 May 2024.
• OCLC 11357965
• OCLC 863355846
• Ofsted (2014), Church Lane Primary School, Manchester: Ofsted, archived from the original on 15 June 2024
• Ofsted (2022a), Inspection of Holton Sleaford Independent School, Manchester: Ofsted, archived from the original on 13 December 2024
• Ofsted (2022b), Inspection of William Alvey School, Manchester: Ofsted, archived from the original on 13 December 2024
• Ofsted (2023a), Inspection of Our Lady of Good Counsel Catholic Primary School, A Voluntary Academy, Manchester: Ofsted, archived from the original on 15 June 2024
• Ofsted (2023b), Inspection of a Good School: St Botolph's C of E Primary School, Manchester: Ofsted, archived from the original on 13 December 2024
• Olney, R. J. (1973), Lincolnshire Politics: 1832–1885,
  ISBN 978-0-19-821848-7
• Olney, R. J. (1979), Rural Society and County Government in Nineteenth Century Lincolnshire, History of Lincolnshire, vol. 10, Lincoln: History of Lincolnshire Committee of the
  ISBN 978-0-902668-09-6
• Page, C. J. (1974), Sleaford: An Industrial History (2nd ed.), Lincoln:
  OCLC 2221528
• Pawley, Simon (1992). "Democracy and Proper Drains: Public Health and Landed Influence in Late-Nineteenth-Century Sleaford" (PDF). Lincolnshire Past and Present. 7. Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology: 8–10.
• Pawley, Simon (1996), The Book of Sleaford, Town Books, Finmere: Baron Birch for Quotes Ltd.,
  ISBN 978-0-86023-559-0
  .
• Pawley, Simon; Peach, Alison (1996), "Kirk and Parry" (PDF), Lincolnshire Past and Present, vol. 24, Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology, pp. 3–4, archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2024
• Pawley, Simon; Turland, Michael (2021), Carre's Almshouses, Sleaford, Sleaford: Quasar Publications
• ISBN 978-0-300-09620-0
• Peyton, S. A., ed. (1931), Minutes of Proceedings in Quarter Sessions Held for the Parts of Kesteven in the County of Lincoln, 1674-1695: Volume I, Publications of the Lincoln Record Society, vol. 25, Lincoln: J. W. Rudduck and Sons for the
  OCLC 504418392
• Quarrington and Old Sleaford Parochial Church Council (March 2009), Benefice Profile and Statement of Need: Quarrington, Cranwell and Silk Willoughby in the Deanery of Lafford, Diocese of Lincoln, Lincoln: Diocese of Lincoln, archived from the original (
  PDF
  ) on 23 February 2012, retrieved 7 December 2010
• Ranger, William (1850), Report to the General Board of Health on a Preliminary Inquiry into the Sewerage, Drainage, and Supply of Water, and the Sanitary Condition of the Inhabitants of the Parish of New Sleaford, London:
  OCLC 752695210
• ISBN 978-1-86077-166-8
• Shaw, Robert (1981), "Public Services", in Ellis, Charles (ed.), Mid-Victorian Sleaford, 1851–1871, Lincolnshire History, vol. 4, Lincoln: Lincolnshire Library Service, pp. 79–96,
  ISBN 978-0-86111-102-2
• Sleaford and District Civic Trust (December 2021), Civic Matters: The Newsletter of the Sleaford and District Civic Trust (PDF), Sleaford: Sleaford and District Civic Trust, archived from the original (PDF) on 16 August 2024
• Squires, Stewart E. (1988), The Lost Railways of Lincolnshire, Ware: Castlemead Publications,
  ISBN 978-0-948555-14-5
• St George's Academy (2024), St George's Academy: Admissions Policy, 2024–2025 (PDF), Sleaford: St George's Academy, archived from the original (PDF) on 22 September 2024
• Stroud, William; Stroud, Margaret (1981), "A Comparison of the 1851 and 1871 Census Returns for the Area Formerly Known as 'The Tofts'", in Ellis, Charles (ed.), Mid-Victorian Sleaford, 1851–1871, Lincolnshire History, vol. 4, Lincoln: Lincolnshire Library Service, pp. 51–66,
  ISBN 978-0-86111-102-2
• ISBN 978-1-134-01599-3
• Thornton, Peter T. (1998), William Alvey's School, Sleaford, 1729–1998, Sleaford: William Alvey School, archived from the original on 31 January 2023
• OCLC 228661584
• Varley, Joan (1974), The Parts of Kesteven: Studies in Law and Local Government, Sleaford:
  OCLC 2425730
• Waterston, C. D.; Macmillan Shearer, A (2006), Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1783–2002: Part II (PDF), Edinburgh:
  ISBN 978-0-902198-84-5, archived from the original
  (PDF) on 31 December 2024, retrieved 17 September 2018
• Webb, K. A. (2002), From County Hospital to NHS Trust: The History and Archives of NHS Hospitals, Services and Management in York, 1740–2000: Volume 1, Borthwick Tests and Calendars, vol. 27, York:
  ISBN 978-0-903857-99-4
• OCLC 1063361708
• Whiteman, Anne; Clapinson, Mary, eds. (1986), The Compton Census of 1676: A Critical Edition, Records of Social and Economic History (New Series), vol. 10,
  ISBN 978-0-19-726041-8
• Worsencroft, Ken (1978), Bygone Sleaford, Grantham: Bygone Grantham,
  OCLC 16425226
• Youngs, Frederic A. (1991), Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, vol. 2, London:
  ISBN 978-0-86193-127-9
  .

Further reading

• OCLC 867809813
• Greenwood, Cornelius (1839), A Short Account of the Late Mr. Thomas Fawcett, to Which is Added the Rise and Progress of Methodism in Sleaford, Sleaford: Privately Printed
• Fawcett, Thomas (1902), A History of the Free Churches of Sleaford from 1662 to 1902, Sleaford: Geo. G. Fawcett,
  OCLC 55110324
• Hosford, W. H. (1958). "The Enclosure of Sleaford". Lincolnshire Associated Architectural Societies Report and Papers. 7: 83–90.
  OCLC 60701002
  .

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sleaford.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Sleaford.

• Sleaford Town Council
• Sleaford in the Domesday Book