Torontál County
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Torontal County Comitatus Torontaliensis ( County of the Kingdom of Hungary (1779-1849, 1860-1923) | |
---|---|
Capital |
|
Area | |
• Coordinates | 45°23′N 20°24′E / 45.383°N 20.400°E |
• 1910 | 10,016 km2 (3,867 sq mi) |
Population | |
• 1910 | 615,151 |
History | |
• Established | 14th century |
• Ottoman conquest | 1552 |
• County recreated | 23 April 1779 |
• Disestablished | 18 November 1849 |
• County recreated | 27 December 1860 |
• Treaty of Trianon | 4 June 1920 |
• Merged into Csanád-Arad-Torontál County | 1923 |
Today part of | |
Vranjevo, Zrenjanin and Sânnicolau Mare are the current names of the capitals. |
Torontál (
Geography
Torontál county was located in the
The
The river
History
Torontál county was formed before the 15th century. Initially, the capital was at Aracs/
In 1848/1849 the area of the county was claimed by the self-proclaimed Serbian Voivodship, while between 1849 and 1860 it was part of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar, a separate Austrian crownland. After 1853, the county did not exist since the voivodeship was divided into districts. After the voivodeship was abolished in 1860, the area was reincorporated into the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary and the county was recreated in January 1861. In 1876, when the administrative structure of the Kingdom of Hungary was changed, the borders of Torontal County were modified to include the District of Velika Kikinda. A few years prior, parts of the territory of the former Banat Military Frontier (including Pancsova/Pančevo, formerly the seat of the so-called German Regiment) had also been annexed to it.
In 1918, the county was briefly a part of the ephemeral
The Yugoslav part of the pre-1920 Torontál county (the western Banat region) is now part of Serbia (mostly in the autonomous region of
Demographics
Census | Total | Serbian | German | Hungarian | Romanian | Slovak | Other or unknown |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1880[1] | 530,988 | 169,006 (33.31%)[b] | 158,077 (31.15%) | 78,278 (15.43%) | 78,102 (15.39%) | 12,213 (2.41%) | 11,743 (2.31%) |
1890[2] | 588,750 | 186,231 (31.63%) | 184,827 (31.39%) | 98,129 (16.67%) | 87,445 (14.85%) | 14,031 (2.38%) | 18,087 (3.07%) |
1900[3] | 609,362 | 191,857 (31.48%) | 184,016 (30.20%) | 114,760 (18.83%) | 88,044 (14.45%) | 14,969 (2.46%) | 15,716 (2.58%) |
1910[4] | 615,151 | 199,750 (32.47%) | 165,779 (26.95%) | 128,405 (20.87%) | 86,937 (14.13%) | 16,143 (2.62%) | 18,137 (2.95%) |
Census | Total | Eastern Orthodox | Roman Catholic | Lutheran | Calvinist |
Jewish | Other or unknown |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1880 | 530,988 | 251,414 (47.35%) | 242,457 (45.66%) | 18,657 (3.51%) | 8,111 (1.53%) | 6,672 (1.26%) | 3,677 (0.69%) |
1890 | 588,750 | 271,263 (46.07%) | 273,610 (46.47%) | 20,848 (3.54%) | 10,504 (1.78%) | 7,139 (1.21%) | 5,386 (0.91%) |
1900 | 609,362 | 277,558 (45.55%) | 284,704 (46.72%) | 22,524 (3.70%) | 12,195 (2.00%) | 6,750 (1.11%) | 5,631 (0.92%) |
1910 | 615,151 | 286,642 (46.60%) | 279,793 (45.48%) | 24,905 (4.05%) | 12,549 (2.04%) | 6,114 (0.99%) | 5,148 (0.84%) |
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Torontál county were:
Districts (járás) | |
---|---|
District | Capital |
Alibunári járás | Alibunár (now Alibunar, Serbia) |
Antalfalvai járás | Antalfalva (now Kovačica, Serbia) |
Bánlaki járás | Bánlak (now Banloc, Romania) |
Csenei járás | Csene (now Cenei, Romania) |
Módosi járás | Módos (now Jaša Tomić, Serbia) |
Nagybecskereki járás | Nagy-Becskerek (now Zrenjanin, Serbia) |
Nagykikindai járás | Nagy-Kikinda (now Kikinda, Serbia) |
Nagyszentmiklósi járás | Nagyszentmiklós (now Sânnicolau Mare, Romania) |
Pancsovai járás | Pancsova (now Pančevo, Serbia) |
Párdányi járás | Párdány (now Međa, Serbia) |
Perjámosi járás | Perjámos (now Periam, Romania) |
Törökbecsei járás | Törökbecse (now Novi Bečej, Serbia) |
Törökkanizsai járás | Törökkanizsa (now Novi Kneževac, Serbia) |
Zsombolyai járás | Zsombolya (now Jimbolia, Romania) |
Urban counties (törvényhatósági jogú város) | |
Pancsova (now Pančevo, Serbia) | |
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
Nagybecskerek (now Zrenjanin, Serbia) | |
Nagykikinda (now Kikinda, Serbia) |
See also
Notes
References
- ^ "Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-28.
- ^ "A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-29.
- ^ "A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-29.
- ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-29.
Sources
- Curta, Florin (2019). Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500–1300). Leiden & Boston: Brill.
- Dávid, Géza (2000). "An Ottoman Military Career on the Hungarian Borders: Kasim Voyvoda, Bey, and Pasha". Ottomans, Hungarians, and Habsburgs in Central Europe: The Military Confines in the Era of Ottoman Conquest. Leden-Boston-Köln: Brill. pp. 265–297.
- Engel, Pál (2001). The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526. London & New York: Tauris.
- Pálosfalvi, Tamás (2018). From Nicopolis to Mohács: A History of Ottoman-Hungarian Warfare, 1389-1526. Leiden & Boston: Brill.