USS Atule
History | |
---|---|
United States | |
Name | USS Atule (SS-403) |
Builder | Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, Maine[1] |
Laid down | 2 December 1943[1] |
Launched | 6 March 1944[1] |
Commissioned | 21 June 1944[1] |
Decommissioned | 8 September 1947[1] |
Recommissioned | 8 March 1951[1] |
Decommissioned | 6 April 1970[1] |
Stricken | 15 August 1973[1] |
Fate | Transferred to Peru on 31 July 1974[2] |
Peru | |
Name | BAP Pacocha (SS-48) |
Acquired | 31 July 1974 |
Fate | Rammed and sunk by a fishing trawler on 26 August 1988 |
General characteristics (World War II) | |
Class and type | |
Displacement | 1,526 tons (1,550 t) surfaced,[2] 2,391 tons (2,429 t) submerged[2] |
Length | 311 ft (3,730 in)[2] |
Beam | 27 ft 3 in (8.31 m)[2] |
Draft | 16 ft 10 in (5.13 m) maximum[2] |
Propulsion |
|
Speed | 20.25 kn (37.50 km/h) surfaced,[3] 8.75 kn (16.21 km/h) submerged[3] |
Range | 11,000 nmi (20,000 km) @ 10 kn (19 km/h) surfaced[3] |
Endurance | 48 hours @ 2 kn (3.7 km/h) submerged,[3] 75 days on patrol |
Test depth | 400 ft (120 m)[3] |
Complement | 10 officers, 70–71 enlisted[3] |
Armament |
|
General characteristics (Guppy IA) | |
Class and type | none |
Displacement | 1,830 tons (1,859 t) surfaced,[8] 2,440 tons (2,479 t) submerged[8] |
Length | 307 ft 7 in (93.75 m)[7] |
Beam | 27 ft 4 in (8.33 m)[7] |
Draft | 17 ft (5.2 m)[7] |
Propulsion | Submarine snorkel added,[8] Batteries upgraded to Sargo standard II[8] |
Speed |
|
Range | 17,000 nmi (31,000 km) @ 11 kn (20 km/h) surfaced[7] |
Endurance | 36 hours @ 3 kn (5.6 km/h) submerged[7] |
Complement | 10 officers, 5 petty officers, 64–69 enlisted men |
Armament | 10 × |
USS Atule (SS/AGSS-403), a
Construction and commissioning
Atule′s
Service history
World War II
Following a month of shakedown training along the east coast, the submarine departed
On 9 October, Atule departed
Over the next few days, Atule made but lost several ship contacts. Shortly after midnight on 1 November, she established surface
Atule continued her patrol, covering the Hong Kong-Manila traffic lane in the South China Sea and occasionally breaking off to investigate a contact report or to take special scouting dispositions by order of the pack commander. On 3 November, Jallao reported a five-ship force heading south, and the wolf pack moved to intercept. The contacts were moving at 20 kn (37 km/h), and Atule was never able to come within range for attack. However Pintado had better luck. That submarine's target was thought to be a large escorted oiler (actually the aircraft carrier Jun'yō), but before her torpedoes could strike the oiler Akikaze crossed their path and disintegrated in a tremendous explosion which was seen and heard on board Atule. The smoke screen provided by the ensuing fires protected the target, and Pintado was forced to withdraw.
During the next ten days, the wolf pack occasionally sighted ships or aircraft, but was unable to attack. On 13 November, Jallao reported an enemy ship. Pintado and Atule altered course to intercept the contact, and at 0850, Atule sighted what appeared to be the foretop of a battleship. At 1000, the enemy contact was established as an aircraft carrier, a heavy cruiser, and one destroyer. Atule maneuvered to approach the force as closely as possible, hoping that the enemy ships would initiate a "zig-zag" course which would bring them within range of her torpedoes. The Japanese force indeed did begin to "zig-zag", but, instead of making them vulnerable, the maneuver took the force out of range. At 1115, contact was lost.
Later that day and throughout the next, the submarine played a game of hide and seek with Japanese planes equipped with radar and magnetic detection devices. During this hunt, the Japanese covered all of the wolf pack's radio frequencies and intruded in Japanese as well as English, asking the Americans to "come in, please" in their best imitations of American aviators. Atule was forced to dive, zigzag, and run to evade these planes which dropped 14 depth charges. None came close to Atule, but Halibut was severely damaged. After a circuitous route to avoid Japanese planes, Atule began patrolling her assigned scouting station west of Formosa.
There, until after midnight on 20 November, she made only aircraft contacts. The submarine then sighted a slow moving surface vessel and moved in to attack. The night was dark, and the sky, clear. The enemy, identified later as Minesweeper Number 88, was protected by a squall during the early phase of Atule's approach, but was perfectly silhouetted against a clear horizon when the submarine fired four torpedoes. The third torpedo hit at the forward stack with a terrific explosion. The target was down by the bow, and, less than three minutes after the hit its stern reared up as the ship slid under, depth charges exploding as she went down.
On 24 November, Atule sighted by periscope one transport with three escorts heading northeast toward
On 27 November, a radar contact and subsequent visual sighting of a ship at anchor between
On 28 November, the submarine left her patrol station and headed for
Atule spent December in upkeep and training, including a six-day coordinated convoy exercise with
After a brief stop in Tanapag Harbor alongside Fulton, Atule headed for her patrol area in the Yellow Sea. Since Pompon and Jallao were delayed she sailed in company with Spadefish, Bang, and Devilfish. Prior to her arrival in the patrol area, Atule took part in a fruitless search for downed aviators. Reports of sightings of the survivors were not in agreement, and the approximate location could not be determined. The search was abandoned on 17 January. Pompon joined the pack on 20 January, and, the next day, they entered the Yellow Sea.
While on patrol, Atule sighted many sampans and fishing boats, but could not strike a blow at the Japanese fleet until 24 January. On that afternoon, she commenced tracking a merchant ship. At periscope depth, the target was lost in a snow squall, so Atule came to radar depth to regain contact, closed for a stern shot, and fired four torpedoes. Two hit their marks, one abreast the stack, the second near the aftermast. The ship settled rapidly by the stern. The crew hastily abandoned the ship in time to see the stern break off and disappear. The forward section of the ship bobbed like a cork, so Atule surfaced to finish off the freighter with gunfire. The freighter returned fire, and the submarine fired another torpedo which missed the target. Atule retired to await nightfall, when she again failed to sink the hulk with gunfire. She loosed another torpedo, which hit amidships, and the freighter began settling by the bow. Atule left the empty hulk in a vertical position with the midship section high in the air. After the war her victim was identified as Taiman Maru Number 1.
Atule was assigned to patrol in the northern part of the Yellow Sea. The seas were heavy, and the snow and wind combined to create blizzard conditions. After four days, she shifted to the southwest corner of the sea between Korea and China. On 27 January, Pompon reported a convoy contact and, together with Spadefish, attacked. Atule was too distant to join in, but heard several explosions. Early the next day, she gained contact on a medium transport trying to escape the area of the attack of the previous day, and she gave chase until shoal water and the presence of an enemy escort forced her to veer off.
Floating
After refit alongside
After a week of drills, Atule departed Pearl Harbor on 3 July bound for a lifeguard station in the
While in New London, Atule was assigned to Submarine Squadron 2 (SubRon 2) and engaged in training operations for the Submarine School and the Prospective Commanding Officer's School located there. Following Navy Day ceremonies in Washington, D.C., she proceeded to the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Maine for an overhaul which was completed on 3 February 1946.
Post-War
On 4 July 1946, Atule headed for the frozen north as a member of
Atule rendezvoused with Northwind and Whitewood off the southwestern coast of
On 27 February 1947, Atule arrived at
Assigned to
After several months of extensive training and preparations Atule participated in LANTSUBEX I from 15 September-11 October. During this operation, she found herself battling the high seas and 100 kn (190 km/h) winds of Hurricane Charlie which at one point rolled her more than 60 degrees to port, washing the officer of the deck and the lookout off the bridge. With safety belts attaching them to the bridge, they were able to climb safely back on board.
On 19 November, Atule entered the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard for an overhaul. After the yard work had been completed she got underway on 4 April 1953 to resume normal operations. During LANTSUBEX II in October, she suffered a serious fire and lost propulsion for approximately six hours in very heavy seas. The submarine arrived in New London on 27 October for repairs, leave and upkeep. She recommenced operations late in January 1954, by sailing to
But for a two-week visit to the
During the fall of 1958, Atule became familiar with her new operating area by working with the Operational Development Force assisting in the development and evaluation of new submarine techniques and equipment. She also acted as a target in surface and air antisubmarine exercises. After a Christmas leave period, Atule conducted local operations until April 1959, when she participated in an Atlantic Fleet exercise and then resumed local drills.
In July 1960, Atule again cruised to the
In October 1963, the submarine entered the
In August 1965, Atule departed
Atule left the shipyard on 26 January 1967 and during the year was assigned to duties at the Prospective Commanding Officers School and Fleet Training Group at Guantanamo Bay as well as continuing local training. In February 1968, she headed for the
Renamed BAP Pacocha (SS-48), the submarine served in the Marina de Guerra Peruana (the
Awards
- battle stars for World War IIservice
- Navy Occupation Service Medal with "EUROPE" clasp
References
- ^ ISBN 1-55750-263-3.
- ^ ISBN 0-313-26202-0.
- ^ a b c d e f U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305-311
- ^ ISBN 978-0-313-26202-9.
- ^ U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 261–263
- ^ a b c U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305–311
- ^ a b c d e f U.S. Submarines Since 1945 pp. 242
- ^ ISBN 1-55750-260-9.
- OCLC 41977179.
- ^ but see
- ^ McLaren, Alfred S., CAPT USN "Under the Ice in Submarines" United States Naval Institute Proceedings July 1981 p.106
- ISBN 0860123820
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entries can be found here and here.
External links
- Photo gallery of Atule at NavSource Naval History
- USS Atule website
- Kill Record: USS Atule
- John Bryan Rushing Jr - U.S.S. Atule crewman reminisces (45 minute video)