2010 Philippine general election

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

2010 Philippine general election

← 2007
2013 →
Registered51,317,073
Turnout38,149,371
2010 Philippine presidential election

← 2004 May 10, 2010 2016 →
 
Nominee Benigno Aquino III Joseph Estrada
Manuel Villar
Party Liberal PMP Nacionalista
Running mate Mar Roxas Jejomar Binay Loren Legarda
Popular vote 15,208,678 9,487,837 5,573,835
Percentage 42.08% 26.25% 15.42%

President before election

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Lakas–Kampi

Elected President

Benigno Aquino III
Liberal

2010 Philippine vice presidential election

← 2004 May 10, 2010 2016 →
 
Candidate Jejomar Binay Mar Roxas Loren Legarda
Party
PDP–Laban
Liberal NPC
Popular vote 14,645,574 13,918,490 4,294,664
Percentage 41.65% 39.58% 12.21%

Vice President before election

Noli de Castro
Independent

Elected Vice President

Jejomar Binay
UNA

2010 Philippine Senate election

← 2007 May 10, 2010 2013 →
Senators elected →

12 (of the 24) seats to the Senate
13 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Francis Pangilinan Manny Villar
Juan Miguel Zubiri
Party Liberal Nacionalista
Lakas–Kampi
Last election 2 seats, 10.7% 2 seats, 10.1% Lakas: 1 seat, 22.3%
KAMPI: 1 seat, 4.4%
Seats before 4 (2 up) 3 (1 up) 4 (2 up)
Seats won 3 2 2
Seats after 4 4 4
Seat change  Steady  Increase 1  Steady 
Popular vote 78,227,817 49,585,503 38,123,091
Percentage 26.34% 16.69% 12.83%
Swing Increase 15.62% Increase 6.61% Decrease 13.84%

Senate President before election

Juan Ponce Enrile
PMP

Elected Senate President

Juan Ponce Enrile
PMP

2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections
Philippines
← 2007 May 10, 2010 (2010-05-10) 2013 →

All 286 seats to the House of Representatives of the Philippines
144 seats needed for a majority
Party % Seats +/–
Lakas–Kampi

37.41 106 +106
Liberal

19.93 47 +24
NPC

15.97 29 +1
Nacionalista

11.35 25 +14
PMP

2.50 4 0
PDP–Laban

0.72 2 −3
PDSP

0.50 1 −2
LDP

0.48 2 −3
KBL

0.46 1 0
PCM

0.35 1 +1
LM

0.25 1 +1
Navoteño

0.22 1 +1
KABAKA

0.21 1 +1
Magdiwang

0.14 1 +1
Independent

6.95 7 +3
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Speaker before Speaker after
Lakas–Kampi
Feliciano Belmonte Jr.
Liberal

Elections for all positions in the Philippines above the barangay (except for Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao regional level) were held on May 10, 2010. The elected president is Benigno Aquino III, the 15th President of the Philippines, succeeding President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo who was barred from seeking re-election due to term restrictions. The successor of Vice-President Noli de Castro is Jejomar Binay, the 13th Vice President of the Philippines. The legislators elected in the 2010 elections joined the senators of the 2007 elections and comprised the 15th Congress of the Philippines.

The 2010 elections were administered by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) in compliance with the Republic Act No. 9369,[1] also known as the Amended Computerization Act of 2007. It was the first national, and second overall computerized election after the 2008 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao regional election in the history of the Philippines. Although there were cases of precinct count optical scan (PCOS) machine failures, there was no postponement of elections since most technical issues were resolved by election day.[2] Despite the fact that some provinces have reported failure of elections, these have not surpassed the 0.50% of the total number of PCOS machines, and most were replaced on time.[3]

Local elections were held in all provinces, cities and municipalities for provincial governors, vice governors and board members, and city/municipal mayors, vice mayors and councilors.

There were more than 85,000 candidates for 17,000 national and local positions and it is believed that the youth had the swing vote in this election as 40% of voters are 18–35 and there are a potential 3 million first-time voters.[4]

Background

The current

2001 EDSA Revolution
. In 2004, Arroyo won the election and finished her 6-year term in 2010.

General issues

Number of registered voters as compared to the national total per province (left), and voter turnout per province (right).

In a decision dated December 2, 2009, the

equal protection clause and being too broad."[5]

Party-switching

As election day approached, several politicians switched political parties in order to gain votes and funding for the campaign. Many switches were controversial, with the ruling party

Lakas Kampi CMD having the most defections, most of which went either to the Liberal Party or to the Nacionalista Party
.

The politicians who switched parties after the start of the local campaign period are:

Date Politician Running for Old party New party
March 24
Jose Maria Zubiri, Jr.[6]
Vice Governor of Bukidnon
Lakas–Kampi
Nacionalista
April 11 Arturo Uy[7] Governor of Compostela Valley
Lakas–Kampi
Nacionalista
April 12 Neptali Gonzales II[8]
Congressman of Mandaluyong
Lakas–Kampi
Liberal
April 12 Roilo Golez[9]
Congressman of Parañaque's 2nd district
Independent
Liberal
April 14 Joey Salceda[10] Governor of Albay
Lakas–Kampi
Liberal
April 15
Benasing Macarambon[11]
Congressman of Lanao del Sur's 2nd district
Lakas–Kampi
Nacionalista
April 20 Mary Ann Susano[12] Mayor of Quezon City
Lakas–Kampi
PMP

Furthermore,

Gilberto Teodoro, but did not join another party. Singson endorsed Villar, then resigned from Lakas, but has not joined Villar's Nacionalista Party.[13]

Controversies

Five days before the elections, petitions were made to postpone the elections due to technical malfunctions with the

electronic voting machines.[citation needed] On May 7, 2010, the Supreme Court rejected the petitions, affirming the vote would go ahead as planned.[14]

Several cities and provinces encountered several problems, postponing the election. In Caloocan, voting was delayed as the box of ballots delivered to clustered precinct 599 in the city's Pajo district contained ballots for a clustered precinct in Sampaloc, Manila.[15]

Election-related violence

Election hotspots in the Philippines.

Prior to the end of the filing of certificates of candidacy, the COMELEC had anticipated several areas to be named as "election hotspots".

On November 23, 2009, the entourage of the wife of

Ampatuan.[16] Before she was killed, Mangudadatu's wife blamed provincial governor Andal Ampatuan Jr. as the culprit.[17] Ampatuan Jr. was later arrested.[18] After several arms and military vehicles were seized in Ampatuans' properties and government installations, President Arroyo declared martial law in parts of the province not controlled by the Moro Islamic Liberation Front on December 4.[19]

On December 28, 2009, a candidate for councilor died, and two incumbent officials were wounded in an ambush in

Dingras, Ilocos Norte. The gunmen fired at the convoy including barangay chairwoman Joen Caniete, who was running for councilor under the Nacionalista Party; the wounded included a sitting councilor and a provincial board member.[20]

In Sorsogon, Julio Esquivias, a Nacionalista candidate for councilor in the town of Casiguran, died due to a gunshot wound after he was shot by an unidentified gunman.[21]

In a command conference by the

Worsening private armed violence was a serious security concern which had the capacity to undermine the 2010 elections. Even though a commission was already formed to dismantle private armies, skeptics were unconvinced that the government could have succeeded in this task as it had a poor track record of dealing with the ongoing problem of internal violence.[23]

Before election day, a bomb exploded at 1:20 a.m. in Ampatuan, Maguindanao. No casualties were reported. In Conception, Iloilo, armed men fired at the Liberal Party headquarters. No casualties were reported.[24]

During election day, three bombs exploded at a polling precinct at Pakpak elementary school in

Shariff Aguak, Maguindanao
. No casualties reported. On the same day, at 12:00nn (PST), a shooting incident happened in the same area between the rival candidates. Two innocent persons were killed.

As of 1:30pm (PST) fourteen casualties were reported due to election-related violence. at 2:25pm (PST), a shooting incident in a barangay in Maguindanao caused the local cancellation of the elections.

Constitutionality of the elections

Many concerned civil society groups including the Center for People Empowerment in Governance (CenPEG), Philippine Computer Society (PCS), and Global Filipino Nation (GFN) protested the illegality and unconstitutionality of how the elections were conducted, particularly with implementing safety measures against fraud and cheating.

In an interim report by GFN 2010 Election Observers Team released on May 27 titled "Foreign Observers Challenge Election Legitimacy", they presented arguments questioning the May 10, 2010 elections summarized below:

  1. The election results transmitted from the precincts do not have digital signatures of the Board of Election Inspectors (BEI)
  2. The number of disenfranchised voters is sufficient to greatly affect the results of the elections.
  3. The Automated Election System (AES) was implemented without the appropriate field testing, and law-specified testing in actual elections.
  4. The source code review was not completed and initial findings were not addressed.
  5. No audit was done on the AES prior to the elections. There was only a mandated random manual audit which was not yet done at the time the report was written (May 27, 2010).
  6. Several voter and security features were disabled prior to elections.

Many different groups also echoed the same sentiments like Kaakbay Partylist in its critique of the May 10, 2010 polls.[25] They also questioned the removal of digital signatures

Removal of digital signatures

While Republic Act 9369 states that "The election returns transmitted electronically and digitally signed shall be considered as official election results and shall be used as the basis for the canvassing of votes and the proclamation of a candidate.",[26] the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) issued Resolution 8786 on March 4, 2010, which became the basis for the decision to remove digital signatures which the COMELEC ruled as no longer necessary. Three Board of Election Inspectors (BEIs) were originally required to put in their iButton Key for the results to be digitally signed before transmission and make it official. But because of the issuance of COMELEC Resolution 8786, BEIs were directed to press "No" when asked by the PCOS machines to digitally sign the files for transmission.[27]

In the joint committee meeting at

Batasang Pambansa, Senator Enrile asked the COMELEC officials why they removed the use of the digital signatures. Cesar Flores, Smartmatic Asia Pacific president, said “The voting machine has a digital signature in itself which is also corroborated in the card and the password that is provided to the BEIs. The BEIs when they sign the password, they encrypt the result, and the result is digitally signed.” (Sic)[25]
[28]

Kaakbay Partylist released its critique of the election on June 6, 2010. The group cited complaints regarding the removal of main security features and verifiability of votes and also answered the arguments of those given by the COMELEC officials:

"On March 4, 2010, Comelec issued Resolution 8786 dated March 4, 2010, essentially disabling the use of digital signatures. Thus, the electronically transmitted votes from the precincts no longer bear digital signatures. Several excuses were given by Comelec ranging from PCOS machine signatures being equivalent to digital signature (which of course is not true); use of digital signature will require another P1 billion (as if digital feature is not included in the P7.1-billion contract); reducing transmission time (how less than one minute signing digitally will reduce much a transmission of about 30 to 60 minutes?); and the PCOS i-button and BEI Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) are equivalents (of course, not)".[25]

Candidates

Results

Reports indicated that the election day was marred with controversies, particularly in the insurgent-ridden provinces in

Cebu early Monday.[30]

A total of over 76,340 precinct count optical scanner (PCOS) machines, about 5,000 back-up units, and about 1,700 servers were deployed in the country's first nationwide fully automated elections—from counting of votes to transmission and canvassing of election results. Election Day had live full coverage from GMA Network and ABS-CBN. Besides logistical problems, during the last few days prior to the election poll machine and services supplier Smartmatic-Total Information Management (TIM) found cases of PCOS machine failures. Nonetheless, it was decided not to postpone elections since the technical issues were resolved quickly and the solution could be deployed by the day of election. Despite the fact that some provinces reported issues in the election process, these did not surpass the 0.50% of the total number of PCOS machines, and most were replaced on time, as planned for. As a result of the delays, the COMELEC extended voting hours from 6:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. and continued through the night transmitting the votes from every precinct scattered across the country.

After the elections closed and transmissions from PCOS machines began arriving en masse and the COMELEC was able to publish the first partial results, many former doubts and concerns vanished, replaced by astonishment due to the unprecedented speed of the tally.[31]

President

Presidential election results.

The presidential candidate with

the greatest number of votes, Benigno Aquino III was declared the winner. A separate election was held for the vice president; the two elected officials need not be running mates
in order to be elected.

CandidatePartyVotes%
Benigno Aquino IIILiberal Party15,208,67842.08
Joseph EstradaPwersa ng Masang Pilipino9,487,83726.25
Manny VillarNacionalista Party5,573,83515.42
Gilbert TeodoroLakas Kampi CMD4,095,83911.33
Eddie VillanuevaBangon Pilipinas1,125,8783.12
Dick GordonBagumbayan–VNP501,7271.39
Nicanor PerlasIndependent54,5750.15
Jamby MadrigalIndependent46,4890.13
John Carlos de los ReyesAng Kapatiran44,2440.12
Total36,139,102100.00
Valid votes36,139,10294.73
Invalid/blank votes[a]2,010,2695.27
Total votes38,149,371100.00
Registered voters/turnout51,317,07374.34
Source: COMELEC
  1. ^ Includes 181,985 votes for Vetellano Acosta (Kilusang Bagong Lipunan) who was disqualified after the ballots were printed.

Vice president

Vice presidential results.
CandidatePartyVotes%
PDP–Laban
14,645,57441.65
Mar RoxasLiberal Party13,918,49039.58
Loren Legarda[b]Nationalist People's Coalition4,294,66412.21
Bayani FernandoBagumbayan–VNP1,017,6312.89
Edu ManzanoLakas Kampi CMD807,7282.30
Perfecto Yasay Jr.Bangon Pilipinas364,6521.04
Jay Sonza[c]Kilusang Bagong Lipunan64,2300.18
Dominador Chipeco Jr.Ang Kapatiran52,5620.15
Total35,165,531100.00
Valid votes35,165,53192.18
Invalid/blank votes2,983,8407.82
Total votes38,149,371
Registered voters/turnout51,317,07374.34
Source: COMELEC
  1. ^ Running mate of Joseph Estrada (Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino)
  2. ^ Running mate of Manny Villar (Nacionalista Party)
  3. ^ Running mate of Vetellano Acosta (Kilusang Bagong Lipunan) who was disqualified

Congress

Senate

Parties that had the plurality of votes in each province.
Lakas-Kampi
  Liberal Party
  Nacionalista Party
  NPC
  PMP
  LDP
  PRP

  Independent
  Vacancy

One-half of the Philippine Senate was up for election. The Philippines uses the

plurality-at-large voting
system for the Senate race.

CandidatePartyVotes%
Ma. Gracia Riñoza-Plazo
Ang Kapatiran151,7550.40
Alma LoodKilusang Bagong Lipunan128,0450.34
Total297,036,114100.00
Total votes38,149,371
Registered voters/turnout51,317,07374.34
  1. ^ a b c d Guest candidate of Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino
  2. ^ Guest candidate of Nacionalista Party

House of Representatives

House of Representative elections results for representatives elected via congressional districts.
Result of the party-list election: inner ring is the proportion of votes, outer ring is the proportion of seats won. The large gray slice on the inner ring represents all parties that did not win a seat.

All seats in the House were up for election, elections were done for legislative districts and party-list.

Elections at congressional districts
Kapayapaan, Kaunlaran at Katarungan
11,0760.0300
Lapiang Manggagawa Workers and Peasants Party8,8940.0300
Buklod8760.0000
Independent2,371,9496.957−3
Party-list seats57+4
Total34,133,138100.00286+15
Valid votes34,133,13889.47
Invalid/blank votes4,016,23310.53
Total votes38,149,371
Registered voters/turnout51,317,07374.34
Party-list election
PartyVotes%+/–Seats+/–
Ang Ladlad
114,1200.38New00
1-AANI113,4340.38New00
One Advocacy for Health Progress and Opportunity111,4950.37New00
Confederation of Non-Stock Savings and Loan Associations111,1980.37New00
Kabalikat ng Mamamayan110,0850.37New00
Binhi: Partido ng mga Magsasaka Para sa mga Magsasaka108,1740.36New00
Akap Bata107,4780.36New00
Ang Assosiasyon ng mga Trabahador at Pahinante107,4680.36New00
Agila ng Katutubong Pilipino105,4060.35New00
Coconut Farmers Association of Linamon, Lanao del Norte105,0490.35New00
Filipino Muslim Organization105,0330.35New00
Biyayang Bukid102,1910.34+0.2400
Abakada Guro97,8720.33−0.710−1
Firm 24-K Association96,2920.32New00
Abante Ilongo94,8150.320.1100
Ang Kalusugan Para sa Pinoy94,2090.31New00
Alyansa ng OFW Party91,6630.30New00
Ako Ayoko sa Bawal na Droga90,5110.30New00
Action Brotherhood for Active Dreamers88,7430.29New00
Philippine Coconut Producers Federation88,5360.29−0.680−1
Ang Tagapagtaguyod ng Sikap sa Ikauunlad ng mga Pinoy88,5220.29New00
Pro-Active on Climate Change Leaders88,4570.29New00
Action League of Indigenous Masses86,4910.29New00
Womenpower86,4110.29New00
1st Kabalikat ng Bayan Ginhawang Sangkatauhan84,6870.28New00
Youth League for Peace and Advancement82,6420.27+0.2200
The True Marcos Loyalist (for God Country and People) Association of the Phil.81,5840.27−0.790−1
Partido ng Katutubong Pilipino80,0640.27New00
Ang Tao Muna at Bayan79,2550.26New00
Agapay ng Indigenous Peoples Rights Alliance77,2700.26New00
Bayani74,9930.25New00
Alliance of Associations of Accredited Workers in the Water Sector74,1520.25+0.1100
Vendors and Traders Alliance of Philippines Party74,0410.25+0.0400
Alliance of Mindanao Elders71,5030.24New00
Alliance of People's Organizations70,9010.24+0.1400
Biyaheng Pinoy Labor Association70,4800.23−0.2600
Alma sa Pagkahikaos at Ignoransiya70,0700.23New00
Akbay Pinoy OFW-National67,9460.23−0.2700
Champions for Innovative Employment67,8000.23New00
Organization of Regional Advocates for Good Governance Onward Nation-Building67,3660.22New00
Parents Enabling Parents Coalition Party65,2990.22+0.0100
Ugnayan ng Nagkakaisang Layunin at Adhikaing Dakila64,7460.22New00
Adhikain ng mga Dakilang Anak Maharlika63,0650.21New00
A Blessed Federation of Farmers and Fishermen International62,5290.21New00
Ang Mata'y Alagaan62,2490.21New00
Sulong! Barangay Movement60,6060.20−0.0200
Alliance for Rural Concerns57,5150.19−2.150−2
Ang Agrikultura Natin Isulong57,1900.19New00
Alliance of Bicolnon Party55,1590.18New00
Aabante Emmanuel Civic Association54,8480.18New00
Adhikain at Kilusan ng Ordinaryong Tao Para sa Lupa Hanapbuhay at Kaunlaran54,1820.18New00
Action for Democracy and Development for the Tribal People53,5100.18−0.0300
Kababaihang Lingkod Bayan sa Pilipinas50,4660.17New00
Asosasyon ng mga Maliliit na Negosyanteng Gumaganap50,1270.17−0.1000
Alliance of Advocates in Mining Advancement for National Progress49,9900.17New00
Adhikaing Alay ng Marino sa Sambayanan49,8930.17New00
Agri-Agra Reporma Para sa Magsasaka ng Pilipinas Movement49,6350.16New00
Alagaan Natin Ating Kalusugan47,8280.16New00
Batang Iwas sa Droga Foundation45,7080.15New00
Kalahi Sectoral Party45,4940.15−0.4100
Green Force for the Environment-Sons and Daughters of Mother Earth44,1000.15New00
Advocates for Special Children and Handicapped Movement41,8090.14−0.1800
Association for Righteousness Advocacy in Leadership41,1590.14New00
Ako Agila sa Nagkaisang Magsasaka39,4480.13New00
Anti War/Anti Terror Mindanao Peace Movement38,0500.13New00
Yes We Can36,8190.12New00
Akap Kapatiran Para sa Tangkilikan ng mga Obrero36,8050.12New00
Sectoral Party of ang Minero (Ang Minero)36,6500.12New00
Pamilyang OFW-SME Network Foundation35,6360.12New00
Alliance of Believers Bridge in Attaining Accurate and Meaningful Advancement34,8520.12New00
Itinerant Vendors Alliance of the Philippines34,7850.12New00
Pasang Masda Nationwide34,7690.12New00
Alyansa ng Mamamayang Naghihirap32,9570.11New00
Bago National Cultural Society of the Philippines32,9420.11New00
Abang Lingkod32,1220.11New00
1-Aangat Ka Pilipino32,0480.11New00
Sagip Kapwa Foundation31,7980.11New00
Koalisyon ng mga Katutubong Samahan ng Pilipinas31,6670.11+0.0700
Alliance of National Urban Poor Organizations Assembly31,3300.10New00
Alliance of Regional Coalitions Against People's Poverty30,8450.10New00
United Movement Against Drugs Foundation30,6510.10−1.470−1
Free Workers30,5400.10New00
Small Farmers and Land Tillers Association of the Philippines30,0010.10New00
Social Movement for Active Reform and Transparency28,6170.10New00
Agrarian Development Association27,5210.09New00
First People's Representative for Indigent Student Athletes27,2290.09New00
Ang Kapisanan ng mga Seaman26,8050.09New00
Abante Katutubo26,5930.09New00
Advocates for Penology Enhancement and Legal Assistance26,1330.09New00
Bagong Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Samahan sa Sektor ng Transportasyon25,5470.08New00
Abante Bicol Oragon23,9020.08New00
Akbay Kalusugan23,3940.08New00
Alliance of Nationalistic and Genuine Program for Agricultral Development Towards Economic Reform22,2180.07New00
Alliance for Community Transformation and Service21,4750.07New00
Association of Administrator Professionals and Seniors20,7530.07−0.0900
Angkan Katutubo19,5800.07New00
Alyansa Lumad19,5770.07New00
United Caddies and Green Keepers Association of the Philippines19,2210.06New00
Damayan Alliance of the Aging and Disabled Filipinos19,0690.06New00
Bigkis Pinoy Movement19,0270.06−0.4200
Alay Serbisyo (Workers in the Informal Sector Economy)18,1640.06New00
Alyansa ng Media at Showbiz17,5340.06New00
Alay sa Bayan ng Malayang Propesyonal at Repormang Kalakal17,1250.06−0.2000
Alliance for Philippines Security Guards Cooperative15,5950.05New00
Alyansa ng mga Naulila ng mga Tagapagtanggol ng Bayan15,5200.05New00
Kabukluran ng mga Kababaihang Filipina sa Timog Katagalugan12,4300.04−0.0200
National Council for Commuters Protection12,3860.04New00
One Nation Empowered By Technology12,3350.04New00
Ang Partido Demokratiko Rural11,6800.04New00
Abot Tanaw10,4730.03New00
A Convergence for Mindanao Agenda8,8640.03New00
Alliance and Advocates for Senior Citizens' Affairs7,3790.02New00
Alyansa Lumad Mindanao6,6120.02New00
United Filipino Seafarers6,1210.02New00
Binigkis na Interes ng mga Drayber sa Adhikain4,9630.02New00
Citizen Power Movement4,4950.01New00
Alliance of Vigilant Protectors of Aquatic Products4,3240.01New00
Ang Samahan Para sa Magandang Kabuhayan4,1990.01New00
People's Freedom Party3,8830.01New00
Ang National Coalition on Indigenous People's Action1,2170.00New00
Total30,092,613100.0057+4
Valid votes30,092,61378.88+25.56
Invalid/blank votes[a]8,056,75821.12−25.56
Total votes38,149,371100.00
Registered voters/turnout51,317,07374.34+4.73
Source: COMELEC
  1. ^ Includes 781,319 votes for parties that made it to the ballot but were subsequently disqualified.

Local

Gubernatorial elections results.

International reaction

The United States and the European Union praised the republic for the smooth elections. The US embassy was one of the first to hail the general elections.

We look forward to a smooth transition and, after June 30, to working with the new Philippine government to deepen the friendship and partnership between our two nations, and to advance our common goals for the benefit of the Southeast Asia region and the world.[32]

Seeing the patience and the number of people turned in the elections, EU ambassador Alistair MacDonald shared his experience and reflection in observing the Filipinos.

I had the privilege of observing the electoral process in both Cavite and Batangas and was impressed by the manner in which this first nationwide automated election was conducted.[32]

Despite the intense heat, the long lines and the inevitable unfamiliarity of a new process, our observations suggested that this process was carried out smoothly, and the results transmitted rapidly, in the great majority of cases.[32]

MacDonald also expressed that the EU was impressed for the elections being "smooth” and “generally trouble-free.”

He also appreciated the teacher's hard work for the said elections.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Republic Act No. 9369" (PDF). Congress of the Philippines. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 6, 2010. Retrieved May 10, 2010.
  2. The Philippine STAR. Archived from the original
    on September 10, 2012.
  3. ^ "Over 400 defective poll machines found, replaced, Smartmatic says". gmanews.tv. Archived from the original on May 12, 2010.
  4. ^ "Continuity or Change?". the-diplomat.com. Archived from the original on March 15, 2010. Retrieved March 12, 2010.
  5. ^ Lao, Charissa (December 2, 2009). "Appointive officials running in polls need not resign, Supreme Court rules". Manila Bulletin. Yahoo! News Philippines. Retrieved December 4, 2009.[permanent dead link]
  6. ^ "After backing Villar, Zubiri quits Lakas-Kampi". ABS-CBNNews.com. March 24, 2010. Archived from the original on April 30, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2010.
  7. ^ "Guv bolts Lakas, supports Villar". GMANews.tv. April 11, 2010. Archived from the original on April 15, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2010.
  8. ^ "Rep. Gonzales leaves Lakas to join LP". INQUIRER.net. April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2010.[permanent dead link]
  9. Manila Times. April 13, 2010. Archived from the original
    on June 9, 2012. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
  10. ^ Dedace, Sophia (April 14, 2010). "Arroyo adviser Joey Salceda deserts Lakas in favor of LP". GMANews.tv. Archived from the original on April 17, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2010.
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  12. ^ "(Metro News) QC mayoralty bet Annie Susano joins Estrada's camp". Balita.ph. April 20, 2010. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
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